Popular Socialist Party (Mexico)
The Popular Socialist Party (Spanish: Partido Popular Socialista, PPS) was a political party in Mexico. It was founded in 1948 as the Popular Party (Partido Popular) by Vicente Lombardo Toledano.
Popular Socialist Party Partido Popular Socialista | |
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| Abbreviation | PPS |
| Leader | Manuel Fernández Flores |
| Founded | 1948 |
| Registered | 1948–1997 |
| Split from | Institutional Revolutionary Party |
| Headquarters | Av. Álvaro Obregón 182 Col. Roma Delegación Cuauhtémoc. México D.F. |
| Ideology | Marxism Socialism |
| Political position | Left-wing to Far-left |
| Part of a series on |
| Communist parties |
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Lombardo Toledano, the initial leader of the Confederation of Mexican Workers (CTM), decided to launch a new party in response to the increasingly moderate and corrupt policies of the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The Popular Party was supported by the mine, oil and rail workers' unions, but its potential strength in elections was reduced by the strength of the PRI.
The party adopted Marxism-Leninism as its ideological line in 1960.[1]
It was renamed the Popular Socialist Party in 1960, and over time its leadership became less critical of the PRI; indeed, in all presidential elections between 1958 and 1982 the PPS supported the PRI candidates, and therefore it was often criticized as being a "loyal opposition" or part of the status quo. Due to this, it was popularly know by many Mexicans as the Ni, ni, ni party, as in "Ni partido, ni popular, ni socialista" (Neither a party, nor popular, nor socialist).[2] This led to a split by the PPS's left wing in the 1970s which formed the Party of the Mexican People (PPM), which merged with the Mexican Communist Party to form the Unified Socialist Party of Mexico (PSUM).
In 1997, a second party with nearly the same name—the Popular Socialist Party of Mexico or PPSM—split off from the older PPS. This splinter group claims to be the true descendant of Lombardo Toledano's party.
The PPS's traditional political space (i.e. to the left of the PRI) was largely captured by the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD) since 1989. The PPS lost its registration as a national political party in 1997, though it is currently registered as a national political association under the name Popular Socialista.
PPS presidents
- Vicente Lombardo Toledano (1948–1968)
- Jorge Cruickshank García (1968–1989)
- Indalecio Sáyago Herrera (1989–1997)
- Manuel Fernández Flores (since 1997)
PPS candidates
- Vicente Lombardo Toledano (1952)
- Adolfo López Mateos (allied with PRI and PARM; 1958)
- Gustavo Díaz Ordaz (allied with PRI and PARM; 1964)
- Luis Echeverría Álvarez (allied with PRI and PARM; 1970)
- José López Portillo (allied with PRI and PARM; 1976)
- Miguel de la Madrid (allied with PRI and PARM; 1982)
- Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano (allied with PARM, PFCRN, and PMS to form National Democratic Front; 1988)
- Marcela Lombardo Otero (1994)
References
- Rodríguez Araujo, Octavio. La reforma política y los partidos en México. México: Siglo Veintiuno Editores, 1989. p. 43
- Aguilar García, Francisco Javier (2017). Estado mexicano, crecimiento económico y agrupaciones sindicales : del porfirismo al periodo neoliberal en el siglo XXI. -- II (First ed.). UNAM, Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales. p. 247. ISBN 978-607-02-8839-5. Retrieved 28 August 2023.