Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes

Carranza y Berndhart, S.L., better known by its trading name Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes (HISMA) ("Spanish-Moroccan Transport Company"), was a Spanish-German dummy company set up by Nazi Party, through the German businessman Johannes Franz Bernhardt, to supply the National faction with arms during the course of the Spanish Civil War.[1][2]

Carranza y Berndhart, S.L.
Sociedad Hispano-Marroquí de Transportes, S.L.
TypeSociedad Limitada
IndustryLogistics
FoundedTétouan, Spanish Morocco (July 31, 1936 (1936-07-31))
FounderFernando Carranza
Johannes Bernhardt
Defunct1945
Headquarters
Tétouan
,
Spanish Morocco
Total equity200,000 pts

The company was constituted on 31 July 1936 in the city of Tétouan, capital of the Spanish protectorate of Morocco, with an initial investment of 200,000 pesetas.[3]

See also

References
  1. Salvadó, Francisco J. Romero (14 March 2013). Historical Dictionary of the Spanish Civil War. Scarecrow Press. p. 79. ISBN 9780810880092.
  2. Barnes, James J.; Barnes, Patience P. (2010). Nazis in Pre-War London, 1930-1939: The Fate and Role of German Party Members and British Sympathizers. Sussex Academic Press. p. 142. ISBN 9781845190545.
  3. "Johan or Johannes Franz Bernhardt - CIA" (PDF). cia.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on January 23, 2017.
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