Solanum melissarum

Solanum melissarum
	Flower and flower buds
Conservation status
	; Near Threatened (IUCN 2.3)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae
Genus:	Solanum
Species:	S. melissarum
Binomial name
	Solanum melissarum; Bohs
Synonyms[2]
	Cyphomandra divaricata (Mart.) Sendtn.

Solanum melissarum is a small tree or shrub in the flowering plant family Solanaceae endemic to Brazil.[3]

Description

A small tree, from 1 to 6 metres high, usually with a single trunk. The crown of light branches carries simple, unlobed leaves. The flowering inflorescence is from 5 cm to 30 cm long, and carries 4 to 20 long, narrow flower buds. The narrow, slightly membranous flower petal are green-white. The petals curve upward at first opening, and become lax as the flower ages. The anthers are at first purple, changing to yellow-orange with age.[3]

Reproductive biology

The pendulous flowers have poricidal anthers close to the stigma, with membranous thecae joined by a connective bearing osmophores that attract males of Euglossa cordata bees. As they collect fragrances, the bees press the thecae and pollen is released through a bellows mechanism. Based on the hand-pollination treatments, this species is self-incompatible.[4]

References

World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Solanum melissarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T36213A9988335. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T36213A9988335.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
Bohs, Lynn (1995). "Transfer of Cyphomandra (Solanaceae) and its species to Solanum". Taxon. 44 (4): 583–587. doi:10.2307/1223500. JSTOR 1223500.
Bohs, Lynn (1994). "Cyphomandra (Solanaceae)". Flora Neotropica. New York Botanical Garden. Monograph 63: 75–77.
C. P. Coelho; D. C. Gomes; F. A. G. Guilherme; L. F. Souza (4 May 2017). "Biologia reprodutiva da endêmica Solanum melissarum Bohs (Solanaceae) e atualização da distribuição geográfica atual, como base para a sua conservação no Cerrado Brasileiro". Brazilian Journal of Biology (in Portuguese). 77 (4): 809–819. doi:10.1590/1519-6984.01516. ISSN 1519-6984. PMID 28492799. Wikidata Q38792753.

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[iucn_status_15_November_2021-1] World Conservation Monitoring Centre (1998). "Solanum melissarum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1998: e.T36213A9988335. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T36213A9988335.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.

[2] Bohs, Lynn (1995). "Transfer of Cyphomandra (Solanaceae) and its species to Solanum". Taxon. 44 (4): 583–587. doi:10.2307/1223500. JSTOR 1223500.

[Bohs_conspectus_1994-3] Bohs, Lynn (1994). "Cyphomandra (Solanaceae)". Flora Neotropica. New York Botanical Garden. Monograph 63: 75–77.

[4] C. P. Coelho; D. C. Gomes; F. A. G. Guilherme; L. F. Souza (4 May 2017). "Biologia reprodutiva da endêmica Solanum melissarum Bohs (Solanaceae) e atualização da distribuição geográfica atual, como base para a sua conservação no Cerrado Brasileiro". Brazilian Journal of Biology (in Portuguese). 77 (4): 809–819. doi:10.1590/1519-6984.01516. ISSN 1519-6984. PMID 28492799. Wikidata Q38792753.