Broad Street (Philadelphia)

Broad Street is a major arterial street in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The street runs for approximately 13 miles (21 km), beginning at the intersection of Cheltenham Avenue on the border of Cheltenham Township and the West/East Oak Lane neighborhoods of North Philadelphia to the Philadelphia Navy Yard in South Philadelphia. It is Pennsylvania Route 611 along its entire length with the exception of its northernmost part between Old York Road and Pennsylvania Route 309 (Cheltenham Avenue) and the southernmost part south of Interstate 95.

Broad Street
South Broad Street with City Hall in the background
Maintained byPennDOT and City of Philadelphia
Length12.4 mi (20.0 km)[1]
Component
highways
PA 611 between I-95 and Old York Road
LocationPhiladelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
South endAdmiral Peary Way in Navy Yard
Major
junctions
I-95 at the Sports Complex
I-76 in Packer Park
South Penn Square/JFK Boulevard at Philadelphia City Hall
I-676 / US 30 (Vine Street) in Callowhill
US 1 (Roosevelt Boulevard) / US 13 in Hunting Park
North end PA 309 (Cheltenham Avenue) in West Oak Lane
Construction
Commissioned1682
South Broad Street, looking towards Philadelphia City Hall, c.1895
Armistice Day on Broad Street, 1918
North Broad Street, looking towards City Hall
Broad Street at night along the Avenue of the Arts, looking north towards City Hall, 2005
Broad Street in the Cecil B. Moore area near Temple University
The Northern terminus of Broad Street on the border of Philadelphia and Cheltenham Township

Broad Street runs along a north–south axis between 13th Street and 15th Street, containing what would otherwise be known as 14th Street in the Philadelphia grid plan. It is interrupted by Philadelphia City Hall, which stands where Broad and Market Street would intersect in the center of the city. The streets of Penn Square, Juniper Street, John F. Kennedy Boulevard, and 15th Street form a circle around City Hall at this point.

It is one of the earliest planned streets in the United States, and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a continuous north–south street, planned by surveyor Thomas Holme and developed for Philadelphia in 1681.[2]

Broad Street is served by many public transit routes, including SEPTA's Broad Street Line subway and several SEPTA city bus routes.

History

17th century

Image of City Hall from North Broad Street showing the new lighting masts. The lighting masts begin a block south of Spring Garden Street and move north.

Broad Street has gone through various changes since its beginnings in colonial-era America. Thomas Holme introduced the first geographical plan of the city to William Penn in 1687.[3] Proposing a center square, Holme designed the street to be roughly 100 feet (30 m) across and 13 miles (21 km) long. Penn intended that the center square would eventually be home to Philadelphia City Hall.[3]

18th century

During the American Revolution, Broad Street was often settled by Continental Army troops moving in and out of the city. As the city's population grew, Broad was extended both north to Vine and south to Dickinson, eventually reaching the Delaware River waterfront, where today's Philadelphia Naval Shipyard stands. It remains Philadelphia's longest straightaway and one of the longest urban boulevards in the United States.[3]

19th century

During the early stages of the 19th century, Broad Street was home to many wealthy residents, especially around the Rittenhouse Square area. Homes were designed in Victorian and Gothic styles. South Broad became center for the fine arts with the establishment of the Academy of Music in 1857.[3]

The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts and Adelphi Theater were also built during the same time period. Banks and offices grew in number around center city as well as high rise structures. The corner of Spring Garden housed Baldwin Locomotive Works founded by Matthias Baldwin in 1825.[3] Baldwin's company was one of the biggest steam locomotive producers before the transition to diesel powered trains. Broad Street's biggest addition came with the construction of City Hall intersecting Broad and Market.

With the progression of the Industrial Revolution, Philadelphia became a center for trade and commerce. Transportation growth gained prominence with the construction of the Broad Street Station in 1881.[4] Social life dominated the street during the second half of the 19th century. Elaborate hotels such as the Divine Lorraine and the Majestic were centers for nightlife.[5] Standing over 10 stories tall the Lorraine was one of the tallest residential structures in Philadelphia. Private clubs such as the Columbia and Mercantile were popular during the Gilded Age.[5]

20th century

At the turn of the 20th century, Broad Street transformed from a bustling boulevard to a cultural magnet for music and the arts. On January 1, 1901, the very first Mummers Day parade was held, becoming a staple of Philadelphia culture. As jazz and gospel music grew in popularity in Philadelphia with the Great Migration of the early 1900s, numerous jazz and blues clubs opened in the city, including the Uptown Theater, which was built on North Broad Street in 1927.

By the 1950s, Broad Street residential areas had been replaced with skyscrapers as well as the newly developed Penn Center.[6]

Since the 1970s, the street has undergone various city renovations. Using $100 million in public funds, Broad received new lighting and streetscaping, theater restorations and new restaurants and cafes.[6] Lamp post fixtures have been improved as well as sidewalk pavements and subway entrances.[6]

21st century

In 2015, Philadelphia Mayor Michael Nutter introduced a $8.7 million project to brighten North Broad with 41 stainless steel light masts.[7]

Southern Boulevard Parkway

Southern Boulevard Parkway is a landscaped segment of South Broad Street in Philadelphia, connecting Marconi Plaza and FDR Park from Oregon Avenue at Broad Street southward five intersections to the gateway entrance of the Philadelphia Navy Yard. The parkway consists of the central median landscaped area including the bordering east and west tree lined sidewalks and various sized green spaces which separates opposing lanes of traffic, and roadway intersections. Broad Street itself is a historic city street and this landscaped segment is bordered by an urban residential townhome community and the entrance to the major venues of the South Philadelphia Sports Complex and Xfinity Live!, and the Philadelphia Navy Yard.

In 1904, a plan for park and parkway improvements in South Philadelphia was designed by Samuel Parsons Jr., but work stopped by 1910. In 1912, the city's director of public works, Morris Cooke, engaged Olmsted Brothers, an architecture firm, to produce designs for League Island Park, Oregon Plaza[8] and the stretch of south Broad Street from Oregon Avenue south to Pattison Avenue and southward to League Island. The unifying medial green space including the tree lined sidewalks on the east and west connected the two parks developed from river swamp lands that were filled and regraded.

In 1926, a second Parkway was constructed on Moyamensing Avenue from Oregon Avenue to the intersection of Packer Avenue, and Packer Avenue was extended from 20th Street to Broad Street (Southern Boulevard) for access to the Sesquicentennial Exposition. Later, the two parks were renamed Marconi Plaza and FDR Park and the median landscaping known as the Southern Boulevard.

Olmsted's design was centered on the availability of open space to all residents. Olmsted wanted to create a place that took advantage of the best characteristics that the city and the country had to offer. The intended result was to create a "Suburban Village" by blending the countryside with the urban environments and developing an organization of open space, views and providing the advantages of increased health benefits of "purity of air" and "facilities for quiet out-of-door recreation". This original concept design facilitated surrounding development in the next century of a thriving urban residential community, countryside recreation and the focal location point for regional metropolitan spectator sporting events.

The Boulevard was utilized as the main entrance and central roadway in the 1926 Sesquicentennial Exposition, a world's fair hosted in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the signing of the United States Declaration of Independence, and the 50th anniversary of the 1876 Centennial Exposition. Open green areas, parking, and huge exposition buildings flanked the Boulevard lined with linden trees and flowering crab apple trees, individual obelisks as the 13 columns for each of the original colony States known as the "Founders Pylons", various standards, banners and a huge 80 foot high 27 ton replica of the Liberty Bell at the gateway of Oregon Plaza. The Boulevard was illuminated at night with spectacular visual displays of the huge Liberty Bell surrounded with 26,000 light bulbs, the Founder Pylons each with a powerful searchlight projecting skyward, and the shooting projection of lights from the Tower Of Light. This provided a fantastic effect for that time period.

The structures were demolished or removed following the close of the exposition, but the area continued to draw development in the 1960s with a new stadium, bowling alley, drive in movie theater, movie theater, and a major new Aquarium, Aquarama Aquarium Theater of the Sea. The development pattern continued with the centralized venues for professional sports in the form of Veterans Stadium and Spectrum which also have since been demolished and in 2012 now includes a complex of two Stadiums, one arena, and a new dining and entertainment district.

Although the thoroughfare carried the name of Broad Street the green space was officially designated in the 1950s Philadelphia Home Rule City Charter as part of the Fairmount Park urban park system as parkland, to be known as Southern Parkway. No traces of this name exist in this area today and it is merely referred to as part of Broad Street.[9]

Cultural landmarks

Broad Street is home to several Philadelphia cultural landmarks. During the administration of Mayor Ed Rendell, Broad Street between Spruce and Market Streets, became known as the Avenue of the Arts, where it is home to art galleries, the Academy of Music, and the Kimmel Center. Two blocks north of City Hall is the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts, and further north is the New Freedom Theatre.[10]

The South Philadelphia Sports Complex, near Broad's south end along Southern Boulevard Parkway, is the site of Citizens Bank Park, Lincoln Financial Field, and the Wells Fargo Center. Demolished sports facilities located in this area were John F. Kennedy Stadium, the Spectrum, and Veterans Stadium. As a result, the Philadelphia Flyers are nicknamed the "Broad Street Bullies".

South of the sports complex and interchanges with the Schuylkill Expressway (Interstate 76) and Interstate 95, Broad Street has its southern terminus in the former Philadelphia Naval Shipyard.

The former offices for The Philadelphia Inquirer and Philadelphia Daily News newspapers are on Broad Street just north of City Hall and the former PA State Building is at the intersection with Spring Garden Street. Most recently, the Public School District Administration relocated between these two landmarks. Also located on North Broad at its intersection with Fairmount Avenue is the historic Divine Lorraine Hotel. Farther north, Broad passes through the campus of Temple University. Included on Temple's campus is the performing arts center, established in 1891. Once a Baptist temple, it has now become a prime part of the "Avenue of the Arts."[11]

Where Broad Street intersects with Clearfield Street in North Philadelphia is the exact location of the 40th Parallel.

At the corner of Broad and W. Glenwood Ave is the former personal gym of heavyweight champion boxer, Joe Frazier. Having lived atop the gym for several years, it has now been turned into a furniture store.[11]

Traditions and customs

Broad Street often serves as the main parade route for Philadelphia sports championship parades, most recently for the Eagles Super Bowl LII victory. During the Phillies 2008 World Series victory parade, an estimated 2 million people lined Broad Street.[12] The largest gathering for a championship parade was for the Flyers in 1974.[12][13][14]

One of the busiest streets in the country, Broad Street is shut down for the annual 10-mile (16 km) Broad Street Run. Passing by some of Philadelphia's most famous landmarks, the course averages over 35,000 participants a year.[15] Additionally, the section of Broad Street from near Oregon Avenue (Marconi Plaza) to City Hall, in South Philadelphia and Center City, is the traditional location of the Mummers Parade on New Years Day.

Unusual center parking scheme on South Broad Street at Wharton Street in South Philadelphia

Since the 1980s, residents and visitors have often parked illegally in the striped median strip of Broad Street (which is paved in the same way as the road surface and is not raised), particularly in South Philadelphia, with the city and parking authority rarely enforcing the law against doing so except during major events such as the Broad Street Run.[16]

Public transportation

SEPTA's Broad Street Line provides subway service along much of Broad Street

Public transportation along Broad Street includes SEPTA's Broad Street Line subway, which served an average of about 137,000 riders per weekday in 2010, running beneath Broad Street for most of its length. The subway starts at the Fern Rock Transportation Center in the Fern Rock neighborhood in North Philadelphia and begins to follow Broad Street at the Olney Transportation Center, extending south through Center City to NRG station at Pattison Avenue in South Philadelphia.

Several SEPTA City Bus routes run along Broad Street, with Routes 4 and 16 following Broad Street for most of their routes. The Route 4 bus follows Broad Street from Pattison Avenue in South Philadelphia north to Rising Sun Avenue in North Philadelphia, where it diverges to the east to head to the Fern Rock Transportation Center. The Route 16 bus follows Broad Street from Philadelphia City Hall north to its terminus at Cheltenham Avenue, where the bus route continues west along Cheltenham Avenue to the Cheltenham-Ogontz Bus Loop.[17]

Other names

Broad Street north of Walnut Street in Center City, approaching Philadelphia City Hall
  • Avenue of the Arts (from Glenwood Avenue to Washington Avenue). This section of Broad Street includes many prominent theater and concert halls, including the Academy of Music, Kimmel Center for the Performing Arts, Merriam Theater, Wilma Theater, University of the Arts Gershman Hall, and Suzanne Roberts Theater. The street has "AA" lights all along the way, which is the abbreviation for Avenue of the Arts.
  • Avenue of the States: from Washington Avenue to Oregon Avenue. Along this section of Broad Street fly the flags of all 50 states in the US.
  • Southern Boulevard Parkway: from Oregon Avenue south to Pattison Avenue to the Gatehouse of the Philadelphia Navy Yard connecting Marconi Plaza and FDR Park, an Olmsted Brothers landscape design 1904-1916 and fully utilized as the center roadway for the 1926 Sesquicentennial Exposition world's fair celebrating the birthday of the United States.
  • C. A. Tindley Boulevard: from South Street to Washington Avenue. This was dedicated to the late Charles A. Tindley, the father of gospel music. Tindley Temple United Methodist Church was his home, at the corner of Broad and Fitzwater Streets.
  • Georgie Woods Boulevard: from Diamond Street to York Street.[18]
  • Used to be part of PA 291, from Moyamensing Avenue north to City Hall.

Major intersections

The entire street is in Philadelphia, Philadelphia County.

Locationmi[1]kmDestinationsNotes
Navy Yard0.00.0Admiral Peary WaySouthern terminus of Broad Street
Sports Complex0.91.4


I-95 north to I-76 east Central Philadelphia
Exit 17 on I-95; southern terminus of PA 611
1.11.8
I-95 south International Airport
Southbound exit and northbound entrance
1.32.1

Pattison Avenue to I-76 west Stadium
Packer Park1.72.7 I-76 / Packer Avenue Valley Forge, Walt Whitman Bridge, New JerseyNo southbound access to I-76 west; exit 349 on I-76
Center City4.67.4

PA 3 west (Market Street / John F. Kennedy Boulevard) to I-676
Penn Square; eastern terminus of PA 3
ChinatownCallowhill5.08.0

I-676 / US 30 (Vine Street Expressway) to I-76 / I-95 Philadelphia International Airport, Valley Forge
Access via Vine Street
Hunting Park
Fern Rock
9.214.8 US 13 (Roosevelt Boulevard)No left turns
9.415.1
US 1 south (Roosevelt Expressway)
Interchange via St. Lukes Street and Cayuga Street; northbound exit from and southbound entrance to US 1
West Oak Lane
East Oak Lane
11.819.0
PA 611 north (Old York Road)
PA 611 continues north along Old York Road
12.420.0 PA 309 (Cheltenham Avenue)Northern terminus of Broad Street
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

Historic buildings, places, and sites

References

  1. Google (July 14, 2018). "Broad Street" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved July 14, 2018.
  2. "South Broad Street — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania". Great Places in America: Streets. Retrieved October 10, 2014.
  3. Kyriakodis, Harry (2013). "Broad Street". Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  4. "Broad Street Station". PhillyHistory Blog. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  5. "The Lost World of North Broad Street". PhillyHistory Blog. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  6. "South Broad Street — Philadelphia, Pennsylvania". www.planning.org. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  7. "Log in to NewsBank". infoweb.newsbank.com. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  8. The Olmsted Brothers’ Artificial Nature: South Philadelphia’s League Island (F.D.R) Park
  9. Philadelphia City Charter, CHAPTER 15-200. FAIRMOUNT PARK SYSTEM
  10. Gottlieb, Dylan (2015). "Avenue of the Arts". Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. Mid-Atlantic Regional Center for the Humanities, Rutgers University, Camden. Retrieved December 9, 2015.
  11. "Log in to NewsBank". infoweb.newsbank.com. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  12. Nunnally, Derrick (November 1, 2008). "A party for, oh, 2 million of their closest friends". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. F2. Some in the news media guessed two million, about the same number long tied to Flyers parades in 1974 and 1975, and more than the current population of Philly.
  13. Lin, Jennifer; Steele, Allison; Dwight Ott (October 31, 2008). "Parade for the Champs; Noon High: Million-plus expected at celebration". The Philadelphia Inquirer. p. A1. In the annals of Philadelphia sports parades, the biggest crowd turned out for the 1974 celebration of the Flyers' Stanley Cup. More than two million fans flocked to Broad Street.
  14. "Thousands attend Phillies World Series parade". Yahoo! Sports. October 31, 2008. Archived from the original on July 18, 2012. Retrieved November 22, 2010.
  15. "Blue Cross Broad Street Run 10-Miler". Philadelphia - Official Visitor Site - visitphilly.com. Retrieved December 8, 2015.
  16. "Median parking on South Broad Street is dangerous and must end | Opinion".
  17. SEPTA Official Philadelphia Transit & Street Map (PDF) (Map). SEPTA. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
  18. "Archived copy" (PDF). legislation.phila.gov. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 24, 2016. Retrieved May 22, 2022.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  19. Beisert, Oscar, and Duffin, J.M. (January 26, 2019). "Philadelphia Register of Historic Places Nomination: E.A. Wright Bank Note Company, 2527-37 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA" (PDF). Philadelphia Historical Commission. Retrieved November 27, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. Lambert, Amy (August 10, 2018). "Philadelphia Register of Historic Places Nomination: 2301-03 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA" (PDF). Keeping Society of Philadelphia. Retrieved November 27, 2020.
  21. Lambert, Amy (August 10, 2018). "Philadelphia Register of Historic Places Nomination: 2305-07 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA" (PDF). Keeping Society of Philadelphia. Retrieved November 27, 2020.

39.950827°N 75.163968°W / 39.950827; -75.163968

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