Sphagnurus

Sphagnurus is a parasitic mushroom genus in the family Lyophyllaceae[1][2] that creates conspicuous dead patches on peat moss (Sphagnum) in bogs.[3][4][5] The genus contains one species known to inhabit Eurasia and North America.[1][6] Phylogenetically the genus is closest to, but is isolated from species now classified in the genus Sagaranella[1][2][7][8] Prior to molecular analyses, the most recent classification put it in the genus Tephrocybe, but that genus is allied to Termitomyces.[1][2]

Sphagnurus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Basidiomycota
Class:
Agaricomycetes
Order:
Agaricales
Family:
Lyophyllaceae
Genus:
Sphagnurus

Redhead & V. Hofstetter (2014)
Type species
Sphagnurus paluster
(Peck) Redhead & V. Hofstetter (2014)
Synonyms
  • Agaricus paluster Peck (1872)
  • Bryophyllum palustre (Peck) Vizzini (2014)
  • Collybia palustris (Peck) A.H. Smith (1936)
  • Lyophyllum palustre (Peck) Singer (1943)
  • Mycena palustris (Peck) Sacc. (1887)
  • Tephrocybe palustris (Peck) Donk (1962)
  • Tephrophana palustris (Peck) Kühner (1938)

Sphagnurus paluster, the single species in the genus is pale grey and has a mycenoid stature (i.e. has a conical pileus, a narrow elongated stipe and lacks an annulus or volva). Its basidiospores are nonamyloid and smooth. It lacks cheilocystidia and pleurocystidia. Clamp connections are present.[1]

Etymology

The name Sphagnurus is supposed to be derived from the name of its host Sphagnum and Latin -urus, meaning “tail".[1] The ancient Greek word οὐρά however means “tail".[9]

See also

References
  1. Hofstetter, Valérie; Redhead, Scott Alan; Kauff, Frank; Moncalvo, Jean-Marc; Matheny, Patrick Brandon; Vilgalys, Rytas (2014). "Taxonomic Revision and Examination of Ecological Transitions of the Lyophyllaceae (Basidiomycota, Agaricales) Based on a Multigene Phylogeny" (PDF). Cryptogamie, Mycologie. 35 (4): 399–425. doi:10.7872/crym.v35.iss4.2014.399.
  2. Bellanger, J.-M.; Moreau, P.-A.; Corriol, G.; Bidaud, A.; Chalange, R.; Dudova, Z.; Richard, F. (2015). "Plunging hands into the mushroom jar: a phylogenetic framework for Lyophyllaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycota)". Genetica. 143: 169–94. doi:10.1007/s10709-015-9823-8. PMID 25652231.
  3. Redhead, S.A. (1981). "Parasitism of bryophytes by agarics". Canadian Journal of Botany. 59: 63–67. doi:10.1139/b81-011.
  4. Untiedt, E.; Mueller, K. (1985). "Colonization of Sphagnum cells by Lyophyllum palustre". Canadian Journal of Botany. 63: 757–761. doi:10.1139/b85-095.
  5. Simon, E. (1987). "Lyophyllum palustre, a parasite on Sphagnum". Acta Biologica Hungarica. 35: 165–174.
  6. Redhead, S.A. (2014). "Nomenclatural novelties" (PDF). Index Fungorum. 202: 1.
  7. Moncalvo JM, Vilgalys R, Redhead SA, Johnson JE, James TY, Catherine Aime M, Hofstetter V, Verduin SJ, Larsson E, Baroni TJ, Greg Thorn R, Jacobsson S, Clémençon H, Miller OK (2002). "One hundred and seventeen clades of euagarics" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 23 (3): 357–400. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00027-1. PMID 12099793.
  8. Hofstetter, V.; Vilgalys, R.; Moncalvo, J.-M. (2002). "Phylogenetic analyses of the Lyophyllaceae (Agaricales, Basidiomycetes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial rDNA sequences" (PDF). Mycological Research. 106 (9): 1043–1059. doi:10.1017/S095375620200641X.
  9. Liddell, H.G. & Scott, R. (1940). A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
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