Spix's guan

Four subspecies of Spix's guan are recognized, "Grant's" guan (P. j. granti) and the "Spix's guan" group of P. j. jacquacu, P. j. orienticola, and P. j. speciosa.[2] It was at times considered conspecific with dusky-legged guan (P. obscura) or crested guan (P. purpurascens). P. j. speciosa was once considered a race of dusky-legged guan, and "Grant's guan" was formerly considered a separate species.[2][4]

The four subspecies of Spix's guan differ in weight and plumage, and there are intergrades between them. Their length is 66–76 cm (26–30 in). The male and female nominate P. j. jacquacu weigh 1.24–1.36 kg (2.7–3.0 lb) and 1.14 kg (2.5 lb) respectively. The male P. j. orienticola weighs 1.40–1.78 kg (3.1–3.9 lb) and the female 1.27–1.72 kg (2.8–3.8 lb). The nominate subspecies is bronzy olive green above and bright reddish below. "Grant's" is much darker; the upper parts have a blue-green gloss and the red underside is dark. P. j. speciosa's plumage is similar to that of the nominate subspecies and P. j. orienticola's size and color scheme are between those of the nominate and "Grant's".[2]

Spix's guan is found in the upper Orinoco River and western Amazon River basins of Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela. From north to south the subspecies sequence is granti, orienticola, jacquacu, and speciosa.[2][4] It inhabits both terra firma and várzea (seasonally flooded) forest. In the upper elevations of Peru and Bolivia it is in cloud forest and at lower elevations it is in humid rainforest. The species is assumed to be sedentary.[2]

The IUCN has rated Spix's guan as being of Least Concern. Its estimated global range spans approximately 5.9 million km² (2.3 million mi²) and it is common in at least parts of this range. However, the total population is unknown and is thought to be decreasing. The species is widely hunted for food.[1]