St. John's River (California)

The St. John's River is a distributary of the Kaweah River in the San Joaquin Valley of California in the United States. The river begins at a diversion dam at McKay's Point, about a mile west of Lemon Cove. The distributary flows west along the north side of the city of Visalia, where it joins Elbow Creek, continuing west to Cross Creek.

St. John's River
St. John's River near Visalia
Map of the distributary St. Johns River also showing the Kaweah River watershed
St. John's River (California) is located in California
St. John's River (California)
Location of the St. Johns River in California
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
CountyTulare County
Physical characteristics
SourceKaweah River
 • locationWoodlake, East Visalia, California
 • coordinates36°20′12″N 119°13′23″W[1]
 • elevation279 ft (85 m)
Mouth 
 • location
Traver, California
 • coordinates
36°25′05″N 119°26′05″W[1]
 • elevation
279 ft (85 m)
Length26.3 mi (42.3 km)[2]

Water from this distributary historically flowed into Tulare Lake, as did water continuing down the main channel of the Kaweah. Tulare lake was the terminal sink of an endorheic basin in southern San Joaquin Valley which was also watered by the Kern, Tule, and by some distributaries of the Kings River. Presently water from these rivers is typically used up for irrigation. Water from the St. John's irrigates many thousands of acres of farmland in Tulare County.

At a point about 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Farmersville, the St. John's enters Elbow Creek. It flows then westerly to Cross Creek at a point north of Goshen and back into Elbow Creek at the confluence of Elbow and Cross creeks. This water in time of flood finds its way into the Tulare Lake Basin through Elbow Creek.[3]

History

The St. John's River was named after Loomis St. John[4][5] and was a product of the 1862 flood.[6]

In 1889, the Tulare Irrigation District was organized, and that body constructed a series of canals which diverted water from the river. From one-half to one-third of the water was lost as it coursed through the unlined canals.[7]

In 1906, the St. John's River levee broke, and water poured into Visalia from the north, which helped cause the floods of 1906.[8]

See also

References
  1. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: St. John's River
  2. "National Hydrography Dataset via National Map Viewer". U.S. Geological Survey. Retrieved 2017-09-27.
  3. The Tulare County Chamber of Commerce, A Few Facts about Tulare County, California: St. John's River (Visalia, California: Version, 1959): 57.
  4. Annie R. Mitchell, Land of the Tules: The Early Years of Tulare County, Interesting Facts About Our County (Fresno, California: 1972): 78.
  5. Annie R. Mitchell, The Way It Was: The Colorful History of Tulare County, Long Rifles and Sharp Dealers, (Fresno, California: 1976): 29
  6. A. McCall Smith, A Modern History of Tulare County, The First Settlers Organize Tulare County, (Visalia, California: 1974):14
  7. Annie R. Mitchell, The Way It Was: The Colorful History of Tulare County, Towns of the County, (Fresno, California: 1976): 142-143.
  8. Kathleen Edwards Small, Early History of Tulare County California, Floods and Droughts: Floods in 1906, (Exeter, California: 2001): 150.
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