St Mary's Church, Kempley

St Mary's Church in Kempley is a former parish church in the Forest of Dean district of Gloucestershire, England, close to the border with Herefordshire. It is a Grade I listed building.[1] St Mary's Church is now owned by English Heritage and maintained by The Friends of Kempley Churches.

St Mary's Church, Kempley
The church seen from the southeast
St Mary's Church, Kempley is located in Gloucestershire
St Mary's Church, Kempley
St Mary's Church, Kempley
Location in Gloucestershire
51.9788°N 2.4820°W / 51.9788; -2.4820
LocationKempley, Gloucestershire
CountryEngland, UK
DenominationChurch of England
History
Statusparish church
DedicationSt Mary
Architecture
Functional statusredundant
Heritage designationGrade I listed
Designated2 October 1954
Specifications
Materialsrubble masonry
Administration
ProvinceCanterbury
DioceseDiocese of Gloucester
ArchdeaconryArchdeaconry of Cheltenham
DeaneryTewkesbury and Winchcombe

History

The simple Norman church is now remote from the village it served. It has some of the best preserved medieval wall paintings in Britain. Those in the barrel-vaulted chancel, which is painted throughout, including the ceiling, are particularly rare, dating from the early 12th century. St Mary's has in its chancel "the most complete set of Romanesque frescoes in northern Europe",[2] including the Christ in Majesty painting created in about 1120. On the walls of the nave are further images, including a wheel of life, showing the life cycle of man. The nave paintings are worked in tempera painted on dry lime mortar, unlike those in the chancel which are true frescoes.

The paintings, having been covered with whitewash, were rediscovered in 1872 during preparation for renovations.[3] On the advice of the architect, John Henry Middleton, the renovation plans were dropped and the paintings uncovered and conserved.[4]

In 1999 Francis P. Kelly at English Heritage initiated a dendrochronology test on the oak roof of the church.[5][6] The Oxford Dendrochronology Laboratory found the roof was the oldest medieval roof in Britain ever tested,[7] dating back to 1120–1150.[8][9][10]

The church has an unusually well-preserved interior. The church was restored in 1913 by Temple Moore. In the early months of the year, from late February to early March, the churchyard is often covered in wild daffodils.

The small village has two notable Anglican churches, the other, St Edward's Church, is Grade II* listed.[11] The church, dedicated to Edward the Confessor, was built (1903–4) as a chapel of ease by the Lord of the Manor and major landowner, William Lygon, 7th Earl Beauchamp, because St Mary's was too far away from the main centres of population in the parish and liable to flooding. The newer church was built to the design of Randall Wells. St Edward's became the parish church following the redundancy of St Mary's in 1975.

  • Interior of St Mary's
    Interior of St Mary's
  • Christ in Majesty in a lobed mandorla on the chancel ceiling
    Christ in Majesty in a lobed mandorla on the chancel ceiling
  • 12th Century Door
    12th Century Door
  • Parish chest
    Parish chest

References
  1. Historic England. "Church of St Mary, Kempley (Grade I) (1156244)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  2. The dazzling walls of medieval England deserve a bold restorer, The Guardian 21 March 2008
  3. "History of St Mary's Church, Kempley". English Heritage. Retrieved 6 March 2023.
  4. J. Henry Middleton. Esq. (1878). "Kempley Church, Gloucestershire". The Midland Naturalist. 1: 265–269. Wikidata Q116998187.
  5. Kennedy, Maev (25 May 1999). "Treasure House: Church has Britain's oldest roof". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
  6. "St Mary's Church, Kempley". English Heritage. Retrieved 11 July 2020.
  7. Morley, Beric M.; Miles, Daniel W. H. (2000). "The Nave Roof and other Timberwork at the Church of St Mary, Kempley, Gloucestershire: Dendrochronological Dating". The Antiquaries Journal. 80 (1): 294–296. doi:10.1017/S0003581500050265. ISSN 1758-5309. S2CID 162976654.
  8. "Research Department Reports". research.historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  9. "Library". archaeologydataservice.ac.uk. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
  10. Treasure House: Church has Britain's oldest roof, The Guardian, 25 May 1999
  11. Historic England. "Church of St Edward the Confessor, Kempley (Grade II*) (1156349)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
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