State Security Service of Abkhazia

The State Security Service of Abkhazia is the principal security and intelligence agency of Abkhazia.

History

On 27 November 1991, the Supreme Soviet of Abkhazia decreed to abolish the Abkhazian KGB and to establish the State Security Service.[1] On 4 December 1992, the Supreme Soviet shortened its name to Security Service of Abkhazia.[2]

Until 1992, the State Security Service was led by Grigori Komoshvili. After the outbreak of the 1992–1993 war with Georgia, Komoshvili's Deputy Gennadi Berulava became the new head.[3] In early October 1993, after the war had ended, he was dismissed and succeeded by Astamur Tarba.[3][4]

On 20 November 1992, during the war, the Abkhazian border guard was established.[5]

Government of President Ardzinba
Further information: Government of President Ardzinba

On 5 May 1997, President Vladislav Ardzinba decreed to rename the Service back to State Security Service of Abkhazia.[2]

After a bomb attack on 13 December 1999 in Sukhumi targeting government officials, Ardzinba dismissed Astamur Tarba and replaced him with First Deputy Chairman of the State Customs Committee Raul Khajimba.[6] On 18 June 2001, Khajimba also became First Vice Premier,[7] and on 1 November he was replaced as State Security Service Head by Interior Minister Zurab Agumava.[8][9]

On 2 April 2003, Agumava was replaced by Advisor to the President on Military Matters Givi Agrba.[10]

Agrba handed in his resignation on 15 June 2004 along with Foreign Minister Sergei Shamba and First Vice Premier Astamur Tarba following the murder of opposition politician Garri Aiba.[11] Agrba's resignation was accepted by Ardzinba on 7 July and he was replaced by Mikhail Tarba.[12]

Governments of Presidents Bagapsh and Ankvab
Main articles: Government of President Bagapsh and Government of President Ankvab

Following the Tangerine Revolution and the election of President Sergei Bagapsh in 2005, he appointed Iuri Ashuba as Security Service Head on 28 February 2005. After his December 2009 re-election, he replaced Ashuba with Aslan Bzhania on 23 February 2010.[13]

Bzhania remained Security Service Head following the death in office of Bagapsh and the 2011 election of Alexander Ankvab.

Government of President Khajimba
Further information: Government of President Khajimba

After the May 2014 Revolution and Ankvab's forced resignation, Bzhania became the candidate representing the outgoing government in the August 2014 Presidential election. After his loss to opposition candidate Raul Khajimba, he was replaced as Security Service Head by his deputy (and head of the Border Guard) Zurab Margania on 29 September.[14]

References
  1. "Постановление Президиума Верховного Совета Абхазии о создании Службы государственной безопасности Абхазии". 27 November 1991. Retrieved 21 July 2012.
  2. "История". State Security Service of the Republic of Abkhazia. Retrieved 24 October 2015.
  3. "УШЕЛ ИЗ ЖИЗНИ ПЕРВЫЙ ПРЕДСЕДАТЕЛЬ СГБ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АБХАЗИЯ ПОЛКОВНИК БЕРУЛАВА ГЕННАДИЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ". Respublika Abkhazia. 26 April 2013. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  4. Perevozkina, Marina (25 August 2011). "Завтра Абхазию может возглавить главный оппонент Владислава Ардзинба". Moskovsky Komsomolets. Archived from the original on 13 September 2011. Retrieved 4 May 2013.
  5. "Погранотряд СГБ Абхазии отпраздновал 23-ю годовщину со дня образования". Apsnypress. 20 November 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
  6. Fuller, Liz (7 January 2000). "Caucasus Report: January 7, 2000". RFE/RL. Retrieved 15 January 2012.
  7. "Newspaper & coffee". Apsnypress (in Russian). 18 June 2001. Retrieved 11 May 2011.
  8. "ООН: поделите мандариновую страну". Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 1 November 2001. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  9. "Абхазский парламент не поддержал вотум недоверия правительству". Caucasian Knot (in Russian). 2 November 2001. Retrieved 12 May 2011.
  10. "Служба государственной безопасности". mcds.ru. April 2003. Archived from the original on 2 April 2012. Retrieved 29 September 2011.
  11. "Key Ministers in de facto Abkhaz Government Resign". Civil Georgia. 15 June 2004. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  12. Kuchuberia, Anzhela (7 July 2004). "Президент Абхазии назначил нового председателя Службы государственной безопасности". Caucasian Knot (in Russian). Retrieved 30 September 2011.
  13. Bagapsh, Sergei (23 February 2010). "Указ Президента Республики Абхазия №32 от 23.02.2010" (in Russian). Администрация Президента Республики Абхазия. Archived from the original on 8 June 2012. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
  14. "Зураб Маргания назначен председателем СГБ РА". Apsnypress. 29 September 2014. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
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