Stenanthium leimanthoides

Stenanthium leimanthoides
	1913 illustration [1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Liliales
Family:	Melanthiaceae
Genus:	Stenanthium
Species:	S. leimanthoides
Binomial name
	Stenanthium leimanthoides; (A.Gray) Zomlefer & Judd
Synonyms[2]
	Amianthium leimanthoides A.Gray ; Zigadenus leimanthoides (A.Gray) A.Gray] ;

Stenanthium leimanthoides is a poisonous monocot wildflower native to acid montane areas of the eastern United States. It is either treated as a separate species to Stenanthium densum[3] or as a synonym of that species.[4] A common name is pine barren deathcamas.

Within the family Melanthiaceae, it is placed in the tribe Melanthieae. Molecular phylogenetic studies in the 21st century have resulted in substantial rearrangement of the species in this tribe, many being moved to different genera. S. leimanthoides was previously placed in Zigadenus as Z. leimanthoides, and will be found under this name in older sources.[5]

It is native to the southernmost United States, more inland than S. densum, largely in the Appalachian Mountains. The plants endanger livestock, particularly in the West.[6]

References

illustration from Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Vol. 1: 493.
"Stenanthium leimanthoides". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
Weldy, Troy; David Werier & Andrew Nelson (2013). "Stenanthium leimanthoides". New York Flora Atlas. Florida Center for Community Design and Research. New York Flora Association. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
Search for "Stenanthium", "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
Zomlefer, Wendy B.; Williams, Norris H.; Whitten, W. Mark; Judd, Walter S. (2001). "Generic Circumscription and Relationships in the Tribe Melanthieae (Liliales, Melanthiaceae), with Emphasis on Zigadenus: Evidence from ITS and trnL-F Sequence Data". American Journal of Botany. 88 (9): 1657–1669. doi:10.2307/3558411. JSTOR 3558411. PMID 21669700.
Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 616. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.

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[1] ustration from Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British Possessions. 3 vols. Charles Scribner's Sons, New York. Vol. 1: 493.

[WCSP_288064-2] "Stenanthium leimanthoides". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-23.

[NYPA-3] Weldy, Troy; David Werier & Andrew Nelson (2013). "Stenanthium leimanthoides". New York Flora Atlas. Florida Center for Community Design and Research. New York Flora Association. Retrieved 2013-08-21.

[WCSP_Stenanthium-4] Search for "Stenanthium", "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2013-08-23.

[ZomlWillWhitJudd01-5] Zomlefer, Wendy B.; Williams, Norris H.; Whitten, W. Mark; Judd, Walter S. (2001). "Generic Circumscription and Relationships in the Tribe Melanthieae (Liliales, Melanthiaceae), with Emphasis on Zigadenus: Evidence from ITS and trnL-F Sequence Data". American Journal of Botany. 88 (9): 1657–1669. doi:10.2307/3558411. JSTOR 3558411. PMID 21669700.

[6] Niering, William A.; Olmstead, Nancy C. (1985) [1979]. The Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region. Knopf. p. 616. ISBN 0-394-50432-1.