Steven S. Andrews

Steven S. Andrews is an American scientist working in systems biology and applied physics. He is known for his work on spatially detailed biochemical simulation and is a researcher at the University of Washington.

Steven S. Andrews
BornMarch 1970 (age 53)
NationalityUSA
Alma materDartmouth College,Stanford University
Known forSpatial biochemical modeling
Scientific career
Fieldssystems biology, applied physics
InstitutionsUniversity of Washington
ThesisThe Measurement and Physics of Vibrational Stark Effects (2001)
Academic advisorsSteven Boxer

Early life

Andrews grew up in Whitmore Lake, Michigan. He received his B.A. from Dartmouth College in Chemistry in 1991 with research that focused on equations of state for polymer melts.[1] Afterward, he interned at the Mount Washington Observatory (1991-1992) where he recorded weather and collected data on rime ice formation. Next, he taught at the Barrier Island Environmental Education Center (Seabrook Island, SC, 1992). That was followed by a research assistant position at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (1993-1994), where he worked with Oliver Zafiriou and studied the influence of ultraviolet sunlight on the marine carbon cycle.[2]

Career

Andrews returned to his education in 1994. He pursued a PhD in chemistry at Stanford University under the direction of Steven Boxer, which he completed in 2001. His research focused on the effects of electric fields on molecular vibrations, called the vibrational Stark effect,[3][4] which he investigated with infrared spectroscopy. In the process, he developed a liquid nitrogen immersion cryostat[5] and novel FTIR scanning methods.[6]

After earning his PhD, Andrews switched fields to systems biology. This started with post-doctoral research in Dennis Bray's laboratory at the University of Cambridge (2001-2003), where he investigated spatial aspects of cell signaling. As part of this work, he developed a spatially detailed biochemical simulator called Smoldyn,[7] a project that has continued to be a major part of his career. Andrews followed this position with several others: more post-doctoral research in Adam Arkin's laboratory at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (2003-2007), a visiting scientist position at the National Centre for Biological Sciences (2007), a staff scientist position at the Molecular Sciences Institute (2008-2009), a staff scientist position in Roger Brent's laboratory at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (2009-2016), a physics teaching position at Seattle University (2015-2020), and his current scientist position in Herbert Sauro's laboratory at the University of Washington (2020-).

Andrews's research has continued to focus on algorithm and software development for spatially detailed biochemical modeling, including particle, filament, and surface dynamics. His software, Smoldyn,[8][9][10] is used for biophysics and cell modeling research.[11] Andrews has also worked on non-spatial biochemical models. For example, in work with Roger Brent, he found that symmetric "push-pull" reaction mechanisms are able to make biochemical signaling outputs depend linearly on their inputs.[12]

Book

Andrews is the author of "Light and Waves: A Conceptual Introduction to Physics", which is a physics textbook that is targeted toward undergraduate non-science majors and advanced high school students.[13] From the back cover, the book "provides a unique perspective on physics by emphasizing commonalities among different types of waves, including string waves, water waves, sound waves, light waves, the matter waves of quantum mechanics, and the gravitational waves of general relativity."

References
  1. Lipson, J.E.G.; Andrews, S.S. (1992). "A Born-Green-Yvon Integral Equation Treatment of a Compressible Fluid". J. Phys. Chem. 96: 1426–1434. doi:10.1063/1.462178.
  2. Andrews, Steven S.; Caron, Sigalit; Zafiriou, Oliver C. (2000). "Photochemical oxygen consumption in marine waters: A major sink for colored dissolved organic matter?". Limnology and Oceanography. 45: 267–277. doi:10.4319/lo.2000.45.2.0267.
  3. Andrews, Steven S.; Boxer, Steven G. (2000). "Vibrational Stark effects of nitriles. I. Methods and experimental results". J. Phys. Chem. A. 104: 11853–11863. doi:10.1021/jp002242r.
  4. Andrews, Steven S.; Boxer, Steven G. (2002). "Vibrational Stark effects of nitriles. II. Physical origins of Stark effects from experiment and perturbation models". J. Phys. Chem. A. 106: 469–477. doi:10.1021/jp011724f.
  5. Andrews, Steven S.; Boxer, Steven G. (2000). "A liquid nitrogen immersion cryostat for optical measurements". Reviews of Scientific Instruments. 71: 3567–3569. doi:10.1063/1.1287343.
  6. Andrews, Steven S.; Boxer, Steven G. (2001). "Analysis of noise for rapid-scan and step- scan FTIR difference spectroscopy". Applied Spectroscopy. 55: 1161–1165.
  7. Andrews, Steven S.; Bray, Dennis (2004). "Stochastic simulation of chemical reactions with spatial resolution and single molecule detail". Physical Biology. 1 (3–4): 137–151. Bibcode:2004PhBio...1..137A. doi:10.1088/1478-3967/1/3/001. PMID 16204833. S2CID 16394428.
  8. Andrews, Steven S.; Addy, Nathan J.; Brent, Roger; Arkin, Adam P. (2010). "Detailed simulations of cell biology with Smoldyn 2.1". PLOS Comput. Biol. 6 (3): e1000705. Bibcode:2010PLSCB...6E0705A. doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1000705. PMC 2837389. PMID 20300644.
  9. Andrews, Steven S. (2017). "Smoldyn: particle-based simulation with rule-based modeling, improved molecular interaction, and a library interface". Bioinformatics. 33 (5): 710–717. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btw700. PMID 28365760.
  10. Singh, Dilawar; Andrews, Steven S. (2022). "Python interfaces for the Smoldyn simulator". Bioinformatics. 38 (1): 291–293. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btab530. PMID 34293100.
  11. "Smoldyn publications". Retrieved 2023-09-07.
  12. Andrews, Steven S.; Peria, William J.; Yu, Richard C.; Colman-Lerner, Alejandro; Brent, Roger (2016). "Push-pull and feedback mechanisms can align signaling system outputs with inputs". Cell Systems. 3: 444–455. doi:10.1016/j.cels.2016.10.002.
  13. Andrews, Steven S. (2023). Light and Waves: A Conceptual Introduction to Physics. ISBN 978-3031240966.
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