Stig von Bayer

Stig Erik Otto von Bayer (born 6 July 1937) is a former Swedish Army officer, war veteran, peacemaker and writer. He was the longest serving UN soldier during the Congo Crisis.[1]

Stig von Bayer
Birth nameStig Erik Otto von Bayer
Nickname(s)Mad Swede[1]
Born (1937-07-06) 6 July 1937
AllegianceSweden
Service/branchSwedish Army
RankMajor
UnitI 10
ONUC (1960–64)
UNFICYP (1964–68)
Battles/warsCongo Crisis (1960–64)
Cyprus dispute (1964–68)
AwardsVasa Medal
Swedish Armed Forces Medal for Wounded in Battle
Other workWork for the Red Cross

Early life

Stig von Bayer came to Congo and the province Maniema in 1949 at age 12 with his parents who were aid workers who helped to build bridges and roads. He stayed there until 1954.[2] There he learned both Swahili and French,[1] languages that he would get much use of later in his life. In his teens, he worked as a hunter in the bush to get meat for the road and bridge builders,[3] a work that was led by his father, the forest officer Hans M Hansson.[4] Back in Sweden he did his military service at the Södermanland Regiment (I 10) in Strängnäs.

Career

Congo

In 1960 as a cadet sergeant at Södermanland Regiment, he volunteered for service on 19 July 1960. For three days von Bayer served as an interpreter with the 8th Swedish Infantry Battalion, which had been airlifted to Léopoldville directly from the Gaza Strip, where it had been serving as a part of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF).[1] After a while he got himself assigned as an interpreter in an advance party of the 32nd Irish Battalion, which was on its way to Goma, on the Congo's eastern border, where the Congolese troops were firing across the border at Belgian soldiers. He then went from Goma to Albertville, the North Katanga city that by then had been the scene of rebellion in recent weeks.[1] On 8 November 1960, the Balubas massacred nine men of an Irish patrol at Niemba, just west of Albertville. The day before von Bayer was out there to talk to the patrol and the day after he had to collect their bodies.[1]

In January 1961, von Bayer was transferred to the Swedish battalion in Élisabethville, the capital of President Tshombe's secessionist Katanga. He participated in both the September and December 1961, fighting against the mercenary‐led Katangese gendarmerie.[1] During one time, he and a Swedish platoon got trapped on a train at Luena after the gendarmerie had cut the rail line just behind them and in front of them. About one thousand Lunda tribesmen loyal to Tshombe attacked them each morning for three days until they were pushed back. In late 1962 he was detached from the Swedish battalion and assigned directly to United Nations headquarters as a liaison officer with the Congolese Army.[1] In January 1963, after serving successfully in Léopoldville, Albertville and Luluabourg, von Bayer was assigned to the Kwilu Province, where the Congolese under the Beijing‐trained Pierre Mulele had begun a revolt. von Bayer commanded the UN operations that rescued missionaries (chiefly Americans) and ferried arms and supplies to isolated Congolese Army units.[1]

On 3 February 1964 fighting occurred during the evacuation of the mission station in Kisandji. von Bayer and Swedish pilot Thorwald Glantz with their DHC Otter plane interfered and made repeated dive attacks on the militia which slowed their advance so that helicopters with the rescued missionaries could take off.[5] Glantz and von Bayer were awarded the Vasa Medal of the 8th size on 23 April 1964[6] and a special commendation from President Lyndon B. Johnson. In May 1964, von Bayer got his last assignment from the UN: liaison with Congolese forces trying to put down a revolt in Kivu region in the east.[1] von Bayer later became Chief of Intelligence and came to be the longest serving UN soldier the Congo, where he arrived in 1960 and left in 1964,[7] having spent three years and 319 days.[1] Meanwhile, in the Congo, he got to know the country's dictator Mobutu who offered him a position as a lieutenant colonel in the Congolese staff, which he rejected.[8]

Later career

After Congo von Bayer returned to Sweden as captain at Södermanland Regiment, but the same year he travelled with UNFICYP to Cyprus, where he stayed for four years. During the latter period of his life, von Bayer completed countless missions for the Red Cross, the UN and the EU including in Vietnam, Ethiopia, Sudan, Croatia and Peru. von Bayer was from mid-July 1968 to the end of January 1969 the Red Cross representative in South Vietnam. He was stationed in Quảng Trị, Huế, Quảng Tín, Quảng Ngãi and Da Nang provinces.[9]

He became lieutenant the reserve of the Swedish Armoured Troops in 1967 and captain in 1972.[10]

Personal life

von Bayer is now retired and lives in Östra Frölunda[11] and is a board member of the association UN Veterans Congo (FN-Veteranerna Kongo). At the Swedish Veterans Day on 29 May 2012 von Bayer was awarded the Swedish Armed Forces Medal for Wounded in Battle[12] for the injuries he sustained in the Congo on 10 December 1961 when his hand was torn by shrapnel when colonel Jonas Wærn's KP-bil were subjected to ambushes and hit by a bazooka rocket. Despite the injury von Bayer succeeded to combat the enemy's position so that the next rocket missed the target.[13]

Awards and decorations

Swedish

Foreign

Bibliography
  • Bayer, Stig von; Braunstein, Christian, eds. (2009). Mucka inte med Trolldoktorn: information om vikten av att anpassa sig (in Swedish). Norrköping: Fredsbaskerförlaget. ISBN 978-91-85609-06-2. SELIBR 11605530.
  • Braunstein, Christian, ed. (2008). Bwana Kabamba: svensk FN-officer bland kannibaler och minor : Kongo 1949-1964 [Bwana Kabamba: Swedish UN officer among cannibals and mines: the Congo 1949-1964] (in Swedish). Norrköping: Fredsbasker Förlaget. ISBN 978-91-85609-03-1. SELIBR 10795820.

References
  1. Lukas, J. Anthony (30 June 1964). "'Mad Swede,' Leaving Congo, Is Sorry to End His Perilous Stint". The New York Times. p. 7. Retrieved 24 May 2016. "Mad Swede Hates to Leave Congo". Kansas City Times. Léopoldville, Congo. 2 July 1964. p. 23. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  2. "Kongoveteranen Stig von Bayers kommentarer till dagboken" [Congo veteran Stig von Bayer comments to the diary] (PDF) (in Swedish). Fredsbaskerforlaget.se. p. 1. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  3. Svärd, Bror (2007). "Stig von Bayer har fyllt sjuttio" (PDF). Bataljonsbladet (in Swedish). Värnamo: Kamratföreningen Bataljonen (3): 19. SELIBR 652194.
  4. Svärd, Bror Rikard (2009). "Oförklarliga händelser är vanliga i Centralafrika" (PDF). Fredsbaskern: Fredsbaskrarna Sveriges medlemstidning (in Swedish). Jönköping: Fredsbaskrarna Sverige (4): 25. ISSN 0284-3765. SELIBR 10933227.
  5. "KRONOLOGI ÖVER FLYGET I SVERIGE" [CHRONOLOGY OF AVIATION IN SWEDEN] (PDF) (in Swedish). Svensk Flyghistorisk Förening. 4 February 2006. pp. 11, 21. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 May 2006. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
  6. Sjöstrand, Carl, ed. (2006). Utlandsstyrkan i fredens tjänst: försvarsmaktens internationella insatser (in Swedish). Malmö: Arena. p. 226. ISBN 91-7843-225-1. SELIBR 10271824.
  7. Johnsson, Fredrik (11 November 2007). "Kongokrisen" [Congo Crisis] (MP3). P3 Dokumentär (in Swedish). Sveriges Radio. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  8. "Galne svensken i fredens tjänst" [Crazy Swede in the service of peace]. Eskilstuna-Kuriren (in Swedish). 29 September 2004. Retrieved 3 November 2008.
  9. Orwin, Mats (4 August 1968). "Svensk RK-man i Sydvietnam arbetar under daglig livsfara". Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish). p. 9. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  10. "Bayer-Krucsay, Stig von" (in Swedish). National Archives of Sweden. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
  11. Hedlund, Ingvar (27 October 2004). "Svenska soldater åts upp i Kongo". Expressen (in Swedish). Archived from the original on 17 December 2008. Retrieved 3 November 2008.
  12. "Prins Carl Philip närvarade vid Veterandagen" [Prince Carl Philip attends Veterans Day] (in Swedish). Royal Court of Sweden. 2012. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
  13. "Sju Kongo-veteraner fick medaljer". www.kongoveteranerna.se (in Swedish). Kongoveteranerna. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
  14. Svärd, Bror Richard. "Sex Kongo-veteraner fick medaljer". www.kongoveteranerna.se (in Swedish). Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  15. "Veteraner hedrade med ceremoni" (in Swedish). Swedish Armed Forces. 29 May 2011. Retrieved 20 March 2023.

Further reading
  • Hymoff, Edward (1965). Stig von Bayer: international troubleshooter for peace. The future makers. New York: James H. Heineman. SELIBR 8190508.
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