Strand sort

This example is based on the description of the algorithm provided in the book, IT Enabled Practices and Emerging Management Paradigms.[1]

Step 1: Start with a list of numbers: {5, 1, 4, 2, 0, 9, 6, 3, 8, 7 }

Step 2: Next move the first element of the list into a new sub-list:  sub-list contains {5}

Step 3: Then iterate through the original list and compare each number to 5 until there is a number greater than 5.

• 1 < 5 so 1 is not added to the sub-list.
• 4 < 5 so 4 is not added to the sub-list.
• 2 < 5 so 2 is not added to the sub-list.
• 0 < 5 so 0  is not added to the sub-list.
• 9 > 5 so 9 is added to the sub-list and removed from the original list.

Step 4: Now compare 9 with the remaining elements in the original list until there is a number greater than 9.  

• 6 < 9 so 6 is not added to the sub-list.
• 3 < 9 so 3 is not added to the sub-list.
• 8 < 9 so 8 is not added to the sub-list.
• 7 < 9 so 7 is not added to the sub-list.

Step 5: Now there are no more elements to compare 9 to so merge the sub-list into a new list, called solution-list.

After step 5, the original list contains {1, 4, 2, 0, 6, 3, 8, 7}

The sub-list is empty, and the solution list contains {5, 9}

Step 6: Move the first element of the original list into sub-list: sub-list contains {1}

Step 7: Iterate through the original list and compare each number to 1 until there is a number greater than 1.

• 4 > 1 so 4 is added to the sub-list and 4 is removed from the original list.

Step 8: Now compare 4 with the remaining elements in the original list until there is a number greater than 4.

• 2 < 4 so 2 is not added to the sub-list.
• 0 < 4 so 0 is not added to the sub-list.
• 6 > 4 so 6 is added to the sub-list and is removed from the original list.

Step 9: Now compare 6 with the remaining elements in the original list until there is a number greater than 6.  

• 3 < 6 so 3 is not added to the sub-list.
• 8 > 6 so 8 is added to the sub-list and is removed from the original list.

Step 10: Now compare 8 with the remaining elements in the original list until there is a number greater than 8.

• 7 < 8 so 7 is not added to the sub-list.

Step 11: Since there are no more elements in the original list to compare {8} to, the sub-list is merged with the solution list. Now the original list contains {2, 0, 3, 7}, the sub-list is empty and the solution-list contains: {1, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9}.

Step 12:  Move the first element of the original list into sub-list. Sub-list contains {2}

Step 13: Iterate through the original list and compare each number to 2 until there is a number greater than 2.

• 0 < 2 so 0 is not added to the sub-list.
• 3 > 2 so 3 is added to the sub-list and is removed from the original list.

Step 14: Now compare 3 with the remaining elements in the original list until there is a number greater than 3.

• 7 > 3 so 7 is added to the sub-list and is removed from the original list.

Step 15: Since there are no more elements in the original list to compare {7} to, the sub-list is merged with the solution list. The original list now contains {0}, the sub-list is empty, and solution list contains: {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}.

Step 16:  Move the first element of the original list into sub-list. Sub-list contains {0}.

Step 17:  Since the original list is now empty, the sub-list is merged with the solution list. The solution list now contains: {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}. There are now no more elements in the original list, and all of the elements in the solution list have successfully been sorted into increasing numerical order.

Since Strand Sort requires many insertions and deletions, it is best to use a linked list when implementing the algorithm.[3] Linked lists require constant time for both insertions and removals of elements using iterators. The time to traverse through the linked list is directly related to the input size of the list.[4] The following implementation is done in Java 8 and is based on the description of the algorithm from the book, IT Enabled Practices and Emerging Management Paradigms.[1]

package strandSort;

import java.util.*;

public class strandSort {
	static LinkedList<Integer> solList = new LinkedList<Integer>();
	static int k = 0;

	/**
	 * This is a recursive Strand Sort method. It takes in a linked list of
	 * integers as its parameter. It first checks the base case to see if the
	 * linked list is empty. Then proceeds to the Strand sort algorithm until
	 * the linked list is empty.
	 * 
	 * @param origList:
	 *            a linked list of integers
	 */
	public static void strandSortIterative(LinkedList<Integer> origList) {

		// Base Case
		if (origList.isEmpty()) {
			return;
		}

		else {
			// Create the subList and add the first element of
			// The original linked list to the sublist.
			// Then remove the first element from the original list.
			LinkedList<Integer> subList = new LinkedList<Integer>();
			subList.add(origList.getFirst());
			origList.removeFirst();

			// Iterate through the original list, checking if any elements are
			// Greater than the element in the sub list.
			int index = 0;
			for (int j = 0; j < origList.size(); j++) {
				if (origList.get(j) > subList.get(index)) {
					subList.add(origList.get(j));
					origList.remove(j);
					j = j - 1;
					index = index + 1;
				}
			}
			// Merge sub-list into solution list.
			// There are two cases for this step/
			// Case 1: The first recursive call, add all of the elements to the
			// solution list in sequential order
			if (k == 0) {
				for (int i = 0; i < subList.size(); i++) {

					solList.add(subList.get(i));
					k = k + 1;
				}

			}

			// Case 2: After the first recursive call, 
			// merge the sub-list with the solution list.
			// This works by comparing the greatest element in the sublist (which is always the last element)
			// with the first element in the solution list. 
			else {
				int subEnd = subList.size() - 1;
				int solStart = 0;
				while (!subList.isEmpty()) {

					if (subList.get(subEnd) > solList.get(solStart)) {
						solStart++;

					} else {
						solList.add(solStart, subList.get(subEnd));
						subList.remove(subEnd);
						subEnd--;
						solStart = 0;
					}

				}

			}

			strandSortIterative(origList);
		}

	}

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		// Create a new linked list of Integers
		LinkedList<Integer> origList = new LinkedList<Integer>();

		// Add the following integers to the linked list: {5, 1, 4, 2, 0, 9, 6, 3, 8, 7}

		origList.add(5);
		origList.add(1);
		origList.add(4);
		origList.add(2);
		origList.add(0);
		origList.add(9);
		origList.add(6);
		origList.add(3);
		origList.add(8);
		origList.add(7);

		strandSortIterative(origList);
		// Print out the solution list
		for (int i = 0; i < solList.size(); i++) {
			System.out.println(solList.get(i));
		}

	}

}