Mar-Zutra III

Mar-Zutra III, also called Mar-Zutra bar Mar-Zutra, according to the Seder Olam Zutta,[1] was the posthumous and only son of the 30th Exilarch of Babylon, Mar-Zutra II.[2] He lived at the beginning of the Savora period. Mar-Zutra II had been crucified on the bridge of Mahuza by King Kavadh I for allegedly trying to obtain by force of arms a sort of political independence for the Jews of Babylon. Mar-Zutra III, who was born on the same day as his father's death, did not attain the office of exilarch. He was raised secretly and traveled in 520 CE, aged 18, to the Land of Israel.[3] where he became head of the Academy of Tiberias or "Sanhedrin", under the title of "Resh Pirka" ('Aρχιφεκίτησ), several generations of his descendants succeeding him in this office. His grandson, Paltoi ben Abaye and great-grandson, Zemah ben Paltoi both served as the Gaon of Pumbedita. [4]

References

Gil, Moshe (2004). Jews in Islamic countries in the Middle Ages. David Strassler (trans.). Brill. p. 53. ISBN 978-90-04-13882-7.
Graetz, Heinrich; Bella Löwy; Philipp Bloch (1902). History of the Jews, Volume 3. Jewish Publication Society of America. pp. 3–4.
Cohn-Sherbok, Dan (1996). Atlas of Jewish history. Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-415-08800-8.
Falk, Avner (1996). A psychoanalytic history of the Jews. Fairleigh Dickinson UP. pp. 347–48. ISBN 9780838636602.

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[1] Gil, Moshe (2004). Jews in Islamic countries in the Middle Ages. David Strassler (trans.). Brill. p. 53. ISBN 978-90-04-13882-7.

[2] Graetz, Heinrich; Bella Löwy; Philipp Bloch (1902). History of the Jews, Volume 3. Jewish Publication Society of America. pp. 3–4.

[3] Cohn-Sherbok, Dan (1996). Atlas of Jewish history. Routledge. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-415-08800-8.

[4] Falk, Avner (1996). A psychoanalytic history of the Jews. Fairleigh Dickinson UP. pp. 347–48. ISBN 9780838636602.

Exilarchs
Biblical exilarchs	Jeconiah Shealtiel Pedaiah Zerubbabel Meshullam Hananiah Berechiah Hasadiah Jesaiah Obadiah Shemaiah Shecaniah Hezekiah Akkub
Exilarchs in the Sasanian Empire	Ahijah Nahum Johanan Shaphat Huna I Kamma Nathan Ukban I Huna II Nathan Ukban II Nehemiah Mar 'Ukban III Huna III Abba Nathan Mar Kahana I Huna IV Pahda Mar Zutra I Merimar Kahana II Huna V Mar-Zutra II Huna VI Mar Ahunai Kafnai Haninai I Mar Zutra III
Exilarchs under Arab rule	Bostanai Hasdai I Baradoi Haninai II Hasdai II Solomon I Isaac Iskawi I Judah Zakkai I Natronai I Moses Isaac Iskawi II David I Natronai II Judah II Hasdai III Zakkai I Mar Ukban IV David II Josiah Judah III Solomon II Hezekiah I Azariah David III Hezekiah II David IV Hezekiah III David V Hasdai IV Daniel I Zakkai II, Samuel I of Mosul, David VI Daniel II Samuel II Jesse Sar Shalom
Karaite exilarchs	Anan ben David Saul ben Anan Josiah ben Saul Jehoshaphat ben Josiah Boaz ben Jehoshaphat David ben Boaz Solomon ben David Hezekiah ben Solomon Hasdai ben Hezekiah Solomon ben Hasdai