Suzhou High School of Jiangsu Province

31.298641°N 120.618875°E / 31.298641; 120.618875

Suzhou High School of Jiangsu Province
江苏省苏州中学
Location
699 Renmin Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215007

China
Information
MottoHonesty, Faith, Thoughtfulness, Courage (诚、信、思、勇)
Established1035 (1035)
PrincipalWei Xin (卫新)
Staff348[1]
Faculty251[1]
Number of students2014[1]
Websiteszzx1000.cn

The Suzhou High School of Jiangsu Province (江苏省苏州中学) is a public high school in Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.

In 1035, the Northern Song politician and writer Fan Zhongyan founded the earliest predecessor of the current Suzhou High School, Suzhou Prefecture School (苏州府学). During the Qing dynasty, Zhang Boxing (張伯行) established the Ziyang College (紫陽書院) inside the Suzhou Prefecture School. It was one of the most prestigious colleges in the nation, and several emperors of the Qing dynasty praised its achievements.[2] In the 1900s, the imperial examination was abandoned, and consequently Duan Fang (端方), the governor of Jiangsu, transformed the school into a modern school. He also invited sinology masters Wang Guowei and Luo Zhenyu to join the faculty of the school.[3] In addition, during the Republic of China period, Zhang Taiyan and Qian Mu taught sinology here. It is widely regarded as one of the four most famous high schools in Jiangnan.[note 1][4]

After the establishment of People's Republic of China, Suzhou High School became one of the 24 key high schools of China in 1953, which were selected by the Ministry of Education,[5] and one of the top four high schools in Jiangsu Province.[note 2][6] In 1997, Suzhou High School was one of the first batch of national model high schools in Jiangsu Province. After the key school concept was abolished,[7] it became a four-starred high school in 2004. In a 2016 ranking of Chinese high schools that send students to study in American universities, Suzhou High School ranked number 39 in mainland China in terms of the number of students entering top American universities.[8][9]

History

Suzhou Prefecture School
A map of Suzhou Prefecture School in 1790
The gate of Suzhou Prefecture School

In 1035, Fan Zhongyan, the prime minister of the Northern Song dynasty founded the Suzhou Prefecture School, which is the first time in Chinese history that combined prefecture school with Confucian temple.[10] The same year, Fan Zhongyan donated a house, and began the construction of quasi-government school after the approval of the Emperor Ren Zong. Then he employed the educator Hu Yuan,[11] the implementor of "sub-Studio" teaching style. Since then, with the school in Suzhou, Suzhou High School began the "Millennium Prefecture School"(千年府学) of history.

Ziyang College

During the Qing dynasty, Zhang Boxing (张伯行) established the Ziyang College (紫阳书院) in the Suzhou Prefecture School.[12] At that time, most of the governmental schools are examination-oriented while the Ziyang College focused on Neo-Confucianism.[13] Zhang also engaged famous teachers from all over the country and the college attracted students nationwide.[14] In 1860, Suzhou Prefecture School was seriously damaged in the catastrophe of Taiping Rebellion. Fourteen years later, governor Zhang Shusheng (张树声) arranged a huge budget in its reconstruction.[15]

During the late Qing dynasty and ROC
Gate of Wisdom and Virtue (智德之门)

In 1902, Ziyang College was renamed to Xiaoshiguan (校士馆, literally meaning a place for school scholars).[2] Two years later, Duan Fang (端方), the provincial governor of Jiangsu, established Jiangsu Normal School (江苏师范学堂) on its campus. He invited sinology great masters Luo Zhenyu and Wang Guowei to the school, serving as principal and teacher respectively.[16][17] After that, the renowned elite college in Jiangnan became a public high school.

Jiangsu Provincial Suzhou High School

In 1911, the school was renamed to Jiangsu Provincial No.1 Normal School (江苏省立第一师范学校).[18] During May Fourth Movement, students in the school established a student council with some universities to protest the signing of the Treaty of Versailles. In mid-May, the students' strike finally affected the government's decision.[19] In 1927, Wang Maozu, an educationist who studied at Harvard University and Columbia University and former principal of Beijing Normal University, became the principal of Jiangsu Provincial Suzhou High School. After that, he modified the English name of this school to Soochow Academy.[20] He invited some famous scholars, including Qian Mu,[21] Zhang Taiyan and Lü Shuxiang.

After Wang resigned in 1931,[22] Jiangsu Province Department of Education let geographer Hu Huanyong at National Central University to take this position temporarily. In July 1932, SHS started to admit girls, which is considered as a progress in China at that time. In the 1st Jiangsu Provincial High School Graduate Examination held in 1933, SHS students attracted nationwide attention by having 24 of them ranked in Top 100 in the province.[23] Two years later, Hu Huanyong returned to National Central University after the negotiation of university and the Department of Education.[24]

On November 19, 1937, the Japanese Army invaded Suzhou and occupied the campus of Suzhou High School. During the 8-year war, the school relocated seven times and changed its name twice, in order to minimize attention. After the fall of Suzhou, SHS initially moved to rural Yixing—the Suzhou High School at Boyang (亳阳苏中). The students and faculty members had to change their campus again when Japanese occupied the whole Sunan (Southern Jiangsu) region. The Suzhou High School at Shanghai (苏中沪校) was located at Fuzhou Road, Shanghai International Settlement.[25] On December 8, 1941, the U.S. declared war upon Japan and the Japanese Army eventually annexed the International Settlement. As a result, SHS moved to Changzhou ("Private Qingyun School", 私立青云), Yixing[26]("Private Hongyi School", 私立弘毅), though in the name of private schools.[27] In October 1945, Suzhou High School finally returned to its original campus after the surrender of Japan.[28] During the 1940s and 1950s, Suzhou High School continued to be one of China's top high schools, with 40-50 students admitted by Peking University, Tsinghua University and Jiaotong University each year.[29] Despite this, the high-level academic atmosphere comparable with top universities no longer existed.[20] During the Chinese Communist Revolution, the People's Liberation Army occupied Suzhou on April 27, 1949 and the Communist Party took over the school.[30]

During PRC

Today

In 1978, the school was named as a high school in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, and became the first school to restore one of the key secondary schools.

In 1985, the school and the University of Science and Technology co-founded the Junior Class College preparatory classes.

It established friendly relations and cooperation with schools in Japan, Singapore, United Kingdom,[31] the United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand and other countries more than 10 universities (such as the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Waseda University, Japan) . In 2007, Suzhou High School introduced the Cambridge International High School program.

Founded in 1996, the Suzhou Lida Middle School was transformed in 2005 into the state-controlled joint-venture Suzhou Lida school. The Suzhou High School Park affiliate was founded in 2003 and located in Suzhou Industrial Park.

In 2004, the school was classified as a four-star high school in Jiangsu Province. For three consecutive years since 1999, the CPC Jiangsu Provincial Committee and Jiangsu Provincial People's Government awarded the "Civilized Unit of Jiangsu Province pacesetter" honor.

Teachers

Suzhou High School has five professors for senior secondary school teachers and 19 grade teachers in-service provincial team.

Campus
Science Building
West Red Building
Classical garden style
Library

It is located on Sanyuan Fang (三元坊) of Renmin Road in Suzhou. Its ground occupy an area of 160 mu(1 mu = 666.67 square meters).

The teaching areas of Suzhou High School surrounds the Daoshan Hill (道山). The symbol of Suzhou High School is the Science Building facing the main gate near Renmin Road. The main teaching buildings are the East and West red buildings (西红楼, 东红楼) as well as East and West white buildings (西白楼, 东白楼). Library, the Laboratory Building, the Info-tech Building and the stadium was built in the 1990s.[32]

Notable alumni

Scientists

Engineers

Politicians

Writers

Entrepreneurs

Principals
PrincipalPeriodPrincipalPeriod[35]
Luo Zhenyu1904.7—1906.3Zhang Shizhi1950—1952
Wang Rundong1906.3—1906.8Chen Liuzhong1952—1958
Lu Maoxun1906.8—1907.4Zhang Yuanding1958.4—1958.8
Zhang Yu1907.4—1907.11Liu Chaochen1958—1959
Zou Fubao1907.11—1909.6Chen Liuzhong1959—1960
Yao Wendong1909.6—1910.1Zhang Youju1960—1964
Jiang Heng1910.1—1911.10Liu Yihan1964—1968
Yang Yueru1912.1—1916.2Su Haiming1968—1971
Jiang Fengwu1916.2—1916.8Chi Dexin1971—1978
Wang Chaoyang1916.8—1927.6Zhao Zhenhai1978—1984
Wang Maozu1927—1931Liu Baitao1984—1991
Hu Huanyong1931—1933Shen Yangshi1991—1995
Wu Yuandi1933—1935Wang Shaodong1995—1997
Shao Heting1935—1938Ni Zhenmin1997—2007
Hang Haicha1938—1947Zhang Xin2007—2015
Zheng Baozi1947—1948Zhou Chunliang2015—2016
Gu Zhonghua1948—1950Wei Xin2016—

Notes
  1. The others are Shanghai High School, Yangzhou High School and Hangzhou High School.
  2. The others are High School Affiliated to Nanjing Normal University, Changzhou High School and Yangzhou High School.

References
  1. 机构展示—江苏省苏州中学 (in Chinese). Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China. Retrieved 2011-12-25.
  2. 戈春源 (1993). 清代苏州的紫阳书院. 铁道师院学报（社会科学版） (in Chinese) (2): P52–53,P80.
  3. 金德门 1999, p. 157
  4. 金德门 1999, p. 168
  5. 蔡大镛 2007, p. 26
  6. 中国江苏网 (2005-06-06). 访重点中学"四大名旦"之--苏州中学 (in Chinese). Sina News. Retrieved 2011-12-25.
  7. 江苏将全面取消重点中学称号 全国首创五星级评估 (in Chinese). Xinhua News. 2003-09-19. Archived from the original on September 21, 2003. Retrieved 2011-12-10.
  8. People's Daily "http://gz.people.com.cn/n2/2016/0224/c358162-27802234.html" Feb 24, 2016.
  9. CollegeNode Ranking ""中国内地出国留学Top50中学排行榜". Archived from the original on 2016-10-14. Retrieved 2016-04-05."
  10. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 2–3
  11. Tze-Ki Hon 2005, pp. 50–51
  12. 胡达修. 苏州书院简介 (in Chinese). 苏州市地方志办公室. Archived from the original on 2014-04-19. Retrieved 2011-12-04.
  13. 杨镜如 2006, pp. 12
  14. 林存阳 (2005). 苏州紫阳书院与清代学术变迁——以钱大昕为研究视角. 中国史研究 (in Chinese) (4): P151-164.
  15. 杨镜如 2006, pp. 14
  16. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 28–29
  17. 蔡大镛 2007, pp. 8–11
  18. 苏州中学校史编写组 (1986-10-01). 苏州中学校史概述. 苏州教育学院学刊 (in Chinese) (3): P10-16.
  19. 张圻福、叶万忠 (1984-02-10). 五四运动在苏州. 苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版） (in Chinese) (1): P90-94.
  20. 周勇 (2008-05-15). 文化名校之道——以汪懋祖时代的苏州中学为例. 全球教育展望 (in Chinese). 37 (5): P31-36.
  21. 罗义俊 (1986-08-29). 钱穆先生在苏州中学. 文史杂志 (in Chinese) (4): P24、32.
  22. 夏禾 (2009-10-13). 讲述让后人永记苏中"开山人". 苏州日报 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2012-11-13.
  23. 项红专 (2012). 民国时期苏州中学的办学特色. 教育研究与评论 (in Chinese) (4): P119-124.
  24. 金德门 1999, pp. 135
  25. 第四章：中学教育. 苏州市志 (in Chinese). 苏州市地方志办公室. Archived from the original on 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  26. 日寇炮火下，宜兴学校奇迹般猛增. 扬子晚报 (in Chinese). 2012-12-29. Retrieved 2012-12-29.
  27. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 71–78
  28. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 79–84
  29. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 79–80
  30. 蔡大镛 2007, pp. 1–3
  31. "Class gets a Chinese lesson". Essex Echo. 7 October 2008. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
  32. "The introduction of Suzhou High School" (in Chinese). Retrieved 2011-07-02.
  33. Tianxi Cai's homepage at Harvard
  34. Shi Jun
  35. 蔡大镛、张昕 2009, pp. 294–295

Bibliographies
  • 金德门 (1999), 苏州中学校史（1035-1949） (in Chinese) (1st ed.), Suzhou: Suzhou University Press, ISBN 9787810376068
  • 蔡大镛 (2007), 苏州中学校史（1949-1999） (in Chinese) (1st ed.), Suzhou: Suzhou University Press
  • 蔡大镛、张昕 (2009), 道山情怀——苏州中学的千年传奇故事 (in Chinese), Suzhou: Guwuxuan Press, ISBN 9787807334774
  • 杨镜如 (2006), 紫阳书院志（1713-1904） (in Chinese) (1st ed.), Suzhou: Suzhou University Press, ISBN 7810904388
  • 苏州中学校本系列教材编写委员会 (2007), 中国名校优良传统丛书·江苏省苏州中学卷 (in Chinese), Beijing: China Encyclopedia Press
  • Tze-Ki Hon (2005), The Yijing and Chinese politics: classical commentary and literati activism in the northern Song Period, 960-1127, SUNY Press, ISBN 9780791463116
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