Swimmer puppy syndrome

Swimmer puppy syndrome is a rare condition in which a puppy is unable to physically stand or walk, but instead lies flat on its chest and abdomen with hind legs extended behind and its forelegs extended to the front and/or sides. The only motion the puppy is capable of is paddling its limbs as though it is swimming. The British Bulldog suffers from this condition more often than any other breed.[1] This condition is thought to be caused either by congenital defects, heredity, and/or environmental factors that prevent a puppy's muscles from developing.[2]

Signs and symptoms

At one week of age, the legs will appear to be permanently splayed to the sides. By three weeks of age, the puppy will not have the ability to stand and walk like its littermates.[3]

The chest may appear flattened instead of round, leading to difficulty breathing. Swimmer puppies are also often lethargic.[3]

Treatments

If early intervention such as physiotherapy is given, the legs of the dog should straighten out.[4][5]

References
  1. Nganvongpanit, Korakot; Yano, Terdsak (2013). "Prevalence of Swimming Puppy Syndrome in 2,443 Puppies during the Years 2006–2012 in Thailand". Veterinary Medicine International. 2013: 617803. doi:10.1155/2013/617803. PMC 3681226. PMID 23819102.
  2. "Swimmer Puppy Syndrome: Everything You Need to Know - the Dogington Post". 11 November 2019.
  3. Williams, Emma (2019-11-11). "Swimmer Puppy Syndrome: Everything You Need to Know". The Dogington Post. Retrieved 2021-09-09.
  4. Rahal, Sheila C.; Morishin Filho, Milton M.; Hatschbach, Eduardo; Machado, Vânia Maria V.; Aptekmann, Karina P.; Corrêa, Thaís P. (September 2008). "Pectus excavatum in two littermate dogs". The Canadian Veterinary Journal. 49 (9): 880–884. PMC 2519908. PMID 19043484.
  5. Karcher, D. E.; Costa, R. C.; Prada, T. C.; Moraes, P. C.; Ramon, L. A.; Minto, B. W.; Dias, L. G. G. G. (27 April 2018). "A modified technique for treating swimmer puppy syndrome". Veterinární Medicína. 63 (4): 161–167. doi:10.17221/140/2017-VETMED. ProQuest 2507705024.

Further reading
  • Hosgood, G; Hoskins, J. D. (1998). "Swimmer puppy syndrome". In Hoskins, Johnny D; Hosgood, Giselle; Davidson, Jacqueline R; Smith, Julie A (eds.). Small animal paediatric medicine and surgery. Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-3599-8. OCLC 476615777.
  • Shires, P. (2001). "The Skeletal System". Veterinary Pediatrics. pp. 402–423. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7216-7665-4.50022-X. ISBN 978-0-7216-7665-4. "Swimmer puppy or kitten syndrome" at pp. 419–420.
  • Kongsawasdi, Siriphan; Chuatrakoon, Busaba; Nganvongpanit, Korakot (2011). "Physical rehabilitation treated swimming puppy syndrome" (PDF). Chiang Mai Veterinary Journal. 9 (2): 105–112.
  • Lorenz, Michael D (1977). "The 'swimming puppy' syndrome". In Kirk, Robert Warren (ed.). Current veterinary therapy VI: small animal practice. Saunders. pp. 905–906. OCLC 1193390806.
  • Mello, F. P. S.; Neuwald, E. B.; Alievi, M. M. (2008). "Síndrome do cão nadador - relato de 4 casos" [Swimming dog syndrome - report of 4 cases]. Mostra Cientifica (in Portuguese) (8 ed.). Uruguaiana: Feira de Extensão. pp. 32–61.
  • Ramos, Renato Moura; Atallah, Fabiane Azeredo; Luz, Mônica Jorge; Scheffer, Jussara Peters; Hyppolito, William Cordeiro; Amaral, Lívia Gomes; Silva, Ricardo Siqueira da; Oliveira, André Lacerda de Abreu (2013). "Síndrome do cão nadador: estudo retrospectivo de 26 casos" [Swimmer puppy syndrome: Retrospective study of 26 cases]. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Medicine (in Portuguese). 35 (Supl.1): 96–100. S2CID 80442053.
  • Mann, Nicole; MacLean, Dr. Jennifer; Simone-Freilicher, Elisabeth; Staudenmaier, Anne; Lindholm, Julia (April 2019). "Pectus Excavatum and Swimmer Puppy Syndrome with Concurrent Congenital Cardiac Anomalies in Two Domestic Rabbits". Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine. 29: 212–216. doi:10.1053/j.jepm.2018.09.017. S2CID 80853181.
  • Tomihari, Mizuki; Nobutoki, Yuko; Nakajima, Nagachika; Yanagawa, Masashi; Tagawa, Michihito; Hagiya, Koichi; Nomura, Tetsuro; Suwa, Yoshinori; Suzuki, Hiroshi (3 August 2021). "Factors Contributing To The Swimmer Puppy Syndrome Found in Labrador Retrievers". doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-764133/v1. S2CID 238851825. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  • Gomes, Luedja Carla Vidal Monteiro; de Santana, Vanessa Lira; de Farias, Leonardo Alves; de Souza, Almir Pereira. "Swimming Puppy Syndrome in Cats" (PDF). Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 43 (Suppl 1): 109.
  • Adamovich-Rippe, Krista N.; Culp, William T. N. (2015). "Chest Wall Disease: Pectus Excavatum". Small Animal Surgical Emergencies. pp. 355–361. doi:10.1002/9781118487181.ch37. ISBN 978-1-118-48718-1.
  • Souza, Claudia Luvian; Baia, Giovanna Oliveira; Rezende, Bianca Costa; Jaworski, Lorena Tavares de Brito Nery; Prass, Daniela; Néspoli, Pedro Eduardo Brandini; De Almeida, Arleana Do Bom Parto Ferreira; Sousa, Valéria Régia Franco (22 December 2020). "Pectus Excavatum and Pectus Carinatum in dogs". Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 48. doi:10.22456/1679-9216.104167. S2CID 236848927.


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