Syringa josikaea

Hungarian lilac
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Asterids
Order:	Lamiales
Family:	Oleaceae
Genus:	Syringa
Species:	S. josikaea
Binomial name
	Syringa josikaea; J.Jacq. ex Rchb.
Synonyms[1]
	Syringa × henryi var. eximia Rehder; Syringa vincetoxifolia Baumg. ex Steud.;

Syringa josikaea, the Hungarian lilac,[2] is a species of lilac, native to central and eastern Europe, in the Carpathian Mountains in Romania and western Ukraine.[3][4]

It is a deciduous shrub growing to a height of 2–4 m. The leaves are elliptic-acute, 6–12 cm long, with a finely hairy margin. The flowers are dark pink, with a tubular base to the corolla 15 mm long with a narrow four-lobed apex 3–4 mm across, with a strong fragrance; they are produced in slender panicles up to 15 cm long in early summer. The fruit is a dry, smooth brown capsule, splitting in two to release the two winged seeds.[3][5][6][7]

Cultivation and uses

Syringa × josiflexa flowers; its parent S. josikaea differs in the corolla lobes being forward-pointing, not reflexed (a character inherited from its other parent S. komarowii).

Growing conditions allow for cool to temperate climate and are fully frost hardy. The plant also grows in full sun to semi shade.[6] Despite its continental European origin, it has proved to be surprisingly successful when cultivated in the oceanic extremes of northwestern Europe on the Faroe Islands and in arctic northern Norway north to Kirkenes.[8]

It has hybridised in cultivation with the closely related Syringa komarowii from China; the hybrid is named Syringa × josiflexa.[5]

References

"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Syringa josikaea". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.
Flora Europaea: Syringa josikaea
Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
Plants for a Future: Syringa josikaea
Jacquin, Joseph Franz von, in Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav. 1830. Iconographia Botanica seu Plantae Criticae 8: 32
Højgaard, A., Jóhansen, J., & Ødum, S. (1989). A century of tree planting on the Faroe Islands. Ann. Soc. Sci. Faeroensis Supplementum 14.

External links

"Syringa josikaea". Plants for a Future.

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[1] "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".

[2] USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Syringa josikaea". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 December 2015.

[rushforth-3] Rushforth, K. (1999). Trees of Britain and Europe. Collins ISBN 0-00-220013-9.

[fe-4] Flora Europaea: Syringa josikaea

[rhs-5] Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.

[pfaf-6] Plants for a Future: Syringa josikaea

[7] Jacquin, Joseph Franz von, in Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav. 1830. Iconographia Botanica seu Plantae Criticae 8: 32

[hojgaard-8] Højgaard, A., Jóhansen, J., & Ødum, S. (1989). A century of tree planting on the Faroe Islands. Ann. Soc. Sci. Faeroensis Supplementum 14.