TMEM104

Transmembrane protein 104 (TMEM104) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM104 gene.[5] The aliases of TMEM104 are FLJ00021 and FLJ20255.[6] Humans have a 163,255 base pair long gene coding sequence, 4703 base pair long mRNA, and 496 amino acid long protein sequence. In Eukaryotes, the TMEM104 gene is conserved.

TMEM104
Identifiers
AliasesTMEM104, transmembrane protein 104
External IDsMGI: 2444222 HomoloGene: 9802 GeneCards: TMEM104
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

54868

320534

Ensembl

ENSG00000109066

ENSMUSG00000045980

UniProt

Q8NE00

Q3TB48

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_017728
NM_001321264

NM_001033393

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001308193
NP_060198

NP_001028565

Location (UCSC)Chr 17: 74.78 – 74.84 MbChr 11: 115.08 – 115.14 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Gene

Location

TMEM104 is located on human chromosome 17 at the locus 17q25.1.[6] TMEM104 is located between the genes NAT9 and GRIN2C.[6]

Transcripts

There are 7 main transcription variants: isoform 1, isoform 2, variant X1 - X5. TMEM104 is predicted to have a promoter region 150 base pairs upstream of the start of transcription.[7] The promoter region of Homo sapien TMEM104 compared to other organisms is very unconserved. It was hard to find anything outside of Mammalia species and most were found under Primates.

Proposed Tertiary Structure for TMEM104.

Tissue expression

In most human tissues, TMEM104 has a modest expression level (25–50th percentile), relative to all human proteins, according to RNA-seq data.

Subcelluar expression

The protein has been located primarily in the plasma membrane and less so found in nucleus.[8]

Immunochemistry Data

Thermofisher claims that it exhibits significant nuclear and cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells. With the aid of a TMEM104 polyclonal antibody, the samples were probed.

Protein
Homo sapiens TMEM104 conceptual translation

TMEM104 variant 1 protein is 496 amino acids in length.[9] TMEM104 is a secreted protein that is overexpressed in Adrenal.[6] TMEM104 is a phenylalanine enriched and glutamine poor protein.

Characteristics

TMEM104 has an isoelectric point of 6.8 and a molecular weight of 55.7 kdaltons.[10] It is predicted to have between nine and eleven transmembrane domains, making it a transmembrane protein.

Post Translation Modifications

The post-translational modifications N-glycosylation, sulfonation, and phosphorylation are among those predicted for TMEM104.

Tertiary structure

TMEM104 has a tertiary structure with alpha helices and beta sheets.

Interaction

TMEM104 has been shown to interact with CASKIN2, TMEM94, TOMM6, SYNGR3, SYTL5, B3GNT8, NTRK3, C15orf39, and PPSIG.

Homo sapiens TMEM104 conceptual translation

Homology

Ortholog

TMEM104 has no paralogs. TMEM protein is found mostly in Eukaryotes.[11]

The orthologs in the following table were discovered through BLAST[12] searches. Although by no means exhaustive, this list demonstrates the enormous variety of organisms that include TMEM104 orthologs.

Seq # TMEM104 Group Genus, Species Common Name Taxonomic Group Divergence Date (MYA) Accession Number Sequence Length (aa) Sequence Identity (%) Sequence Similarity (%)
1 MAMMALIA Homo sapiens Human primates 0 NP_060198.3 496 100.00% 100.00%
2 Mus musculus Mouse rodentia 87 NP_001028565.1 496 89.70% 94.20%
3 Camelus ferus Wild Bactrian Camel tylopoda 94 XP_006179513.1 496 95.20% 98.40%
4 Bos taurus Cattle ruminantia 94 XP_005221277.1 496 92.80% 96.00%
5 Panthera tigris Tiger felidae 94 XP_007091296.2 496 92.70% 96.80%
6 AVE Dryobates pubescens Downy Woodpecker aves 319 XP_009901180.1 497 82.30% 91.50%
7 Gavia stellata Red-throated Loon aves 319 XP_009820115.1 497 82.10% 91.10%
8 Gallus gallus Chicken aves 319 XP_046785426.1 498 81.90% 90.40%
9 Meleagris gallopavo Wild Turkey aves 319 XP_010719937.1 498 81.90% 90.00%
10 Opisthocomus hoazin Hoatzin aves 319 XP_009941209.1 497 81.70% 90.70%
11 REPTILIA Trachemys scripta elegans Turtle reptilia 319 XP_034645854.1 497 79.90% 89.10%
12 AMPHIBIAN Rhinatrema bivittatum Two-lined Caecilian amphibian 353 XP_029456459.1 510 76.20% 84.80%
13 Xenopus tropicalis Frog amphibian 353 NP_001016025.1 491 74.20% 84.50%
14 FISH Megalops cyprinoides Indo-Pacific Tarpon actinoptergyii 431 XP_036408674.1 493 76.20% 84.40%
15 Danio rerio Zebrafish actinoptergyii 431 XP_693756.3 493 44.10% 60.20%
16 Carcharodon carcharias Great White Shark chimaeriformes 464 XP_041073221.1 499 35.30% 51.60%
17 INVERTEBRATES Branchiostoma floridae Lancelet cephalochordata 556 XP_035695481.1 531 73.80% 82.50%
18 Caenorhabditis elegans Roundworm arthropoda 694 NP_509879.2 492 69.30% 82.60%
19 Drosophila melanogaster Fruit Fly arthropoda 694 NP_001262109.1 509 42.30% 63.00%
20 Anopheles gambiae Mosquito arthropoda 694 XP_320941.5 512 56.50% 71.40%

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109066 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045980 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "TMEM104". NCBI Gene. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  6. "TMEM104 Gene". GeneCard. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  7. "Human BLAT Search". genome.ucsc.edu. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
  8. "PSORT II Prediction". psort.hgc.jp. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
  9. "TMEM104". NCBI Protein. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
  10. "ExPASy - Compute pI/Mw tool". web.expasy.org. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
  11. "TMEM104". ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
  12. "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool". blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
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