TMEM104
Transmembrane protein 104 (TMEM104) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM104 gene.[5] The aliases of TMEM104 are FLJ00021 and FLJ20255.[6] Humans have a 163,255 base pair long gene coding sequence, 4703 base pair long mRNA, and 496 amino acid long protein sequence. In Eukaryotes, the TMEM104 gene is conserved.
TMEM104 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Aliases | TMEM104, transmembrane protein 104 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | MGI: 2444222 HomoloGene: 9802 GeneCards: TMEM104 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Gene
Location
TMEM104 is located on human chromosome 17 at the locus 17q25.1.[6] TMEM104 is located between the genes NAT9 and GRIN2C.[6]
Transcripts
There are 7 main transcription variants: isoform 1, isoform 2, variant X1 - X5. TMEM104 is predicted to have a promoter region 150 base pairs upstream of the start of transcription.[7] The promoter region of Homo sapien TMEM104 compared to other organisms is very unconserved. It was hard to find anything outside of Mammalia species and most were found under Primates.
![](../I/TMEM104_Tertiary_Structure.gif)
Tissue expression
In most human tissues, TMEM104 has a modest expression level (25–50th percentile), relative to all human proteins, according to RNA-seq data.
Subcelluar expression
The protein has been located primarily in the plasma membrane and less so found in nucleus.[8]
Immunochemistry Data
Thermofisher claims that it exhibits significant nuclear and cytoplasmic positivity in glandular cells. With the aid of a TMEM104 polyclonal antibody, the samples were probed.
Protein
![](../I/Conceptual_Translation_pg_1.png.webp)
TMEM104 variant 1 protein is 496 amino acids in length.[9] TMEM104 is a secreted protein that is overexpressed in Adrenal.[6] TMEM104 is a phenylalanine enriched and glutamine poor protein.
Characteristics
TMEM104 has an isoelectric point of 6.8 and a molecular weight of 55.7 kdaltons.[10] It is predicted to have between nine and eleven transmembrane domains, making it a transmembrane protein.
Post Translation Modifications
The post-translational modifications N-glycosylation, sulfonation, and phosphorylation are among those predicted for TMEM104.
Tertiary structure
TMEM104 has a tertiary structure with alpha helices and beta sheets.
Interaction
TMEM104 has been shown to interact with CASKIN2, TMEM94, TOMM6, SYNGR3, SYTL5, B3GNT8, NTRK3, C15orf39, and PPSIG.
![](../I/Conceptual_Translation_pg2-3.png.webp)
Homology
Ortholog
TMEM104 has no paralogs. TMEM protein is found mostly in Eukaryotes.[11]
The orthologs in the following table were discovered through BLAST[12] searches. Although by no means exhaustive, this list demonstrates the enormous variety of organisms that include TMEM104 orthologs.
Seq # | TMEM104 Group | Genus, Species | Common Name | Taxonomic Group | Divergence Date (MYA) | Accession Number | Sequence Length (aa) | Sequence Identity (%) | Sequence Similarity (%) |
1 | MAMMALIA | Homo sapiens | Human | primates | 0 | NP_060198.3 | 496 | 100.00% | 100.00% |
2 | Mus musculus | Mouse | rodentia | 87 | NP_001028565.1 | 496 | 89.70% | 94.20% | |
3 | Camelus ferus | Wild Bactrian Camel | tylopoda | 94 | XP_006179513.1 | 496 | 95.20% | 98.40% | |
4 | Bos taurus | Cattle | ruminantia | 94 | XP_005221277.1 | 496 | 92.80% | 96.00% | |
5 | Panthera tigris | Tiger | felidae | 94 | XP_007091296.2 | 496 | 92.70% | 96.80% | |
6 | AVE | Dryobates pubescens | Downy Woodpecker | aves | 319 | XP_009901180.1 | 497 | 82.30% | 91.50% |
7 | Gavia stellata | Red-throated Loon | aves | 319 | XP_009820115.1 | 497 | 82.10% | 91.10% | |
8 | Gallus gallus | Chicken | aves | 319 | XP_046785426.1 | 498 | 81.90% | 90.40% | |
9 | Meleagris gallopavo | Wild Turkey | aves | 319 | XP_010719937.1 | 498 | 81.90% | 90.00% | |
10 | Opisthocomus hoazin | Hoatzin | aves | 319 | XP_009941209.1 | 497 | 81.70% | 90.70% | |
11 | REPTILIA | Trachemys scripta elegans | Turtle | reptilia | 319 | XP_034645854.1 | 497 | 79.90% | 89.10% |
12 | AMPHIBIAN | Rhinatrema bivittatum | Two-lined Caecilian | amphibian | 353 | XP_029456459.1 | 510 | 76.20% | 84.80% |
13 | Xenopus tropicalis | Frog | amphibian | 353 | NP_001016025.1 | 491 | 74.20% | 84.50% | |
14 | FISH | Megalops cyprinoides | Indo-Pacific Tarpon | actinoptergyii | 431 | XP_036408674.1 | 493 | 76.20% | 84.40% |
15 | Danio rerio | Zebrafish | actinoptergyii | 431 | XP_693756.3 | 493 | 44.10% | 60.20% | |
16 | Carcharodon carcharias | Great White Shark | chimaeriformes | 464 | XP_041073221.1 | 499 | 35.30% | 51.60% | |
17 | INVERTEBRATES | Branchiostoma floridae | Lancelet | cephalochordata | 556 | XP_035695481.1 | 531 | 73.80% | 82.50% |
18 | Caenorhabditis elegans | Roundworm | arthropoda | 694 | NP_509879.2 | 492 | 69.30% | 82.60% | |
19 | Drosophila melanogaster | Fruit Fly | arthropoda | 694 | NP_001262109.1 | 509 | 42.30% | 63.00% | |
20 | Anopheles gambiae | Mosquito | arthropoda | 694 | XP_320941.5 | 512 | 56.50% | 71.40% |
References
- GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109066 - Ensembl, May 2017
- GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000045980 - Ensembl, May 2017
- "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- "TMEM104". NCBI Gene. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- "TMEM104 Gene". GeneCard. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- "Human BLAT Search". genome.ucsc.edu. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
- "PSORT II Prediction". psort.hgc.jp. Retrieved 2022-07-29.
- "TMEM104". NCBI Protein. Retrieved 20 June 2022.
- "ExPASy - Compute pI/Mw tool". web.expasy.org. Retrieved 2022-07-27.
- "TMEM104". ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/. Retrieved 24 June 2022.
- "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool". blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. Retrieved 2022-07-27.