TMEM260

TMEM260 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TMEM260 gene. The function of TMEM260 is not yet clearly understood.[5] TMEM260 is also known as UPF0679, c14orf101, and FLJ0392.[6]

TMEM260
Identifiers
AliasesTMEM260, C14orf101, transmembrane protein 260, SHDRA
External IDsOMIM: 617449 MGI: 2443219 HomoloGene: 49506 GeneCards: TMEM260
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

54916

218989

Ensembl

ENSG00000070269

ENSMUSG00000036339

UniProt

Q9NX78

Q8BMD6

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_017799

NM_172600
NM_001310584

RefSeq (protein)

NP_060269

NP_001297513
NP_766188

Location (UCSC)Chr 14: 56.49 – 56.65 MbChr 14: 48.68 – 48.76 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Gene

Location

TMEM260 is located on band 22.3 on the small arm of human chromosome 14. The genomic sequence begins at 56,955,072 bp and ends at 57,117,324 bp on chromosome 14. The gene's genomic size is 162,253 bp. The mRNA size for TMEM260 is 4,278 bp. and made up of 15 exons.[6]

Gene neighborhood

There are four other genes in the neighborhood of TMEM260. Two genes lie upstream of TMEM260, including LINC00520, which is the long intergenic non-protein coding RNA gene 520 gene, and PELI2 which is the pellino E3 ubiquitin protein ligase family member 2 gene. Downstream lies one pseudogene, RPL36AP1, and a gene OTX2, which is the orthodenticle homeobox 2 gene.[7]

Conserved domains

TMEM260 contains one conserved domain, DUF2723. The domain DUF2723 is conserved back to bacteria and its function is not known.

Homology

TMEM260 is conserved throughout many species. Orthologs can be found throughout all Eukaryotes, Viridiplantae, Fungi, Protists, Bacteria and Eubacteria. No paralogs have yet been found.[8]

Isoforms

There are two known isoforms for TMEM260 which produced by alternative splicing. Their uniprot IDs are Q9NX78-1 and Q9NX78-2. Isoform 1 consists of all 707 amino acids in the entire protein sequence, which is made up of 15 exons. Isoform 2 is spliced at amino acid 286 with the 3’ end truncated so that it contains only the first 7 exons in the sequence. It weighs only 30,707 Da.[6]

Protein

General properties

The protein TMEM260 consists of 707 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 79,536 Da. The protein has an isoelectric point of 8.4. TMEM260 is a multi-pass membrane protein which includes 8 helical transmembrane domains.[5][6]

Conservation

The amino acid sequence for TMEM260 is highly conserved in mammals, having around 86% to 100% sequence similarity. Birds, frogs, and lizards also have a high degree of similarity to the human TMEM260 sequence with similarities between 76% and 83%. Fish have between 56% and 66% sequence similarity. Algae have around 52% sequence similarity while diatoms have only 39%. Though mammals contain a very high degree of sequence similarity and other animals show a fairly high degree of sequence similarity, other species such as algae, diatoms, and bacteria have gaps and 3’ end truncations. The segment of the TMEM260 sequence that is highly conserved in organisms as far back as algae, diatoms, and bacteria is the conserved domain DUF2723.[9][10]

Genus and species nameCommon nameProtein Accession Number[9]Sequence length (amino acids)[9]Sequence identity to human protein[9]Sequence similarity to human protein[9]
Homo sapiensHumansNP_060269707
Pan troglodytesChimpanzeeXP_52286170799%99%
Canis familiarisDogXP_00393054670791%95%
Loxodonta africanaElephantXP_0034087170790%94%
Mus musculusMouseNP_7618870782%90%
Ornithorhynchus AnatinusPlatypusXP_00152078354975%86%
Taeniopygia guttataZebra finchXP_0020042570571%83%
Xenopus tropicalisFrogXP _00293378868766%81%
Anolis carolinensisLizardXP_00322851373065%76%
Danio rerioZebra fishXP_68810374048%66%
Guillardia thetaAlgaEKX4977273336%52%
Thalassiosira pseudonanaDiatomXP_972174.271625%39%

Post translation modifications

The TMEM260 protein undergoes several different kinds of post translational modifications. These include N-terminal Acetylation, N-Glycosylation, and Phosphorylation.[11]

References
  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000070269 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036339 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "NCBI-nucleotide". Retrieved 2013-04-25.
  6. "GeneCards". Archived from the original on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2013-04-25.
  7. "TMEM260 transmembrane protein 260 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene - NCBI".
  8. "BLAST-orthologs". Retrieved 2013-04-25.
  9. "BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool".
  10. "SDSC Biology Workbench".
  11. "ExPASy: SIB Bioinformatics Resource Portal - Categories".
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