Tamanishiki San'emon
Tamanishiki San'emon (Japanese: 玉錦 三右衛門, December 15, 1903 – December 4, 1938) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Kōchi. He was the sport's 32nd yokozuna. He won a total of nine top division yūshō or tournament championships from 1929 to 1936, and was the dominant wrestler in sumo until the emergence of Futabayama. He died whilst still an active wrestler.
| Tamanishiki San'emon | |
|---|---|
| 玉錦 三右衛門 | |
 Tamanishiki holding the Emperor's Cup | |
| Personal information | |
| Born | Nishinouchi Yasuki December 15, 1903 Kōchi, Japan |
| Died | December 4, 1938 (aged 34) |
| Height | 1.74 m (5 ft 8+1⁄2 in) |
| Weight | 140 kg (309 lb) |
| Career | |
| Stable | Nishonoseki |
| Record | 308-92-17-3draws (Makuuchi) |
| Debut | January 1919 |
| Highest rank | Yokozuna (November 1932) |
| Elder name | Nishonoseki |
| Championships | 9 (Makuuchi) |
| * Up to date as of June 2020. | |
Career
He was born Nishinouchi Yasuki (西ノ内 彌寿喜). He joined Nishonoseki stable but the stable was very small at that time. Therefore, he often visited Dewanoumi stable and was trained by yokozuna Tochigiyama Moriya. He later became head coach of Nishonoseki stable whilst still active in the ring, and under his leadership the stable enjoyed one of its most successful periods in its history.
Tamanishiki was promoted to the rank of ōzeki in May 1930. At the time, he was the first wrestler from Kōchi Prefecture to be promoted to ōzeki since Kunimiyama, 25 years earlier.[1] From October 1930 to March 1931, he won three consecutive championships but was not promoted to yokozuna. In January 1932, the "Shunjuen Incident" (春秋園事件, Shunjuen-Jiken) broke out.[2] The incident was the biggest walkout in sumo history, but Tamanishiki was one of the eleven top division wrestlers who remained in the Sumo Association.[3] After the incident, he became the first head of the Rikishi-kai (力士会), or the association of active sumo wrestlers. He won his fifth top division championship in May 1932 and was finally awarded a yokozuna licence in November 1932. He was the first yokozuna in sumo since the retirement of Miyagiyama a year and a half earlier. His promotion was seen as a reward for staying with the Sumo Association and helping them through the Shunjuen Incident.[4]
Tamanishiki often went to Tatsunami stable and trained wrestlers, such as later yokozuna Futabayama Sadaji. Tatsunami stable was small at that time, but the stable became stronger in the sumo world later on. Tamanishiki defeated Futabayama the first six times they met in competition, but he was never able to beat him again after Futabayama began his record winning run in 1936.
Tamanishiki was the first yokozuna to raise one leg high while performing yokozuna dohyō-iri (the yokozuna ring-entering ceremony). His style was said to have been beautiful and when Futabayama was promoted to yokozuna he emulated this style. This style is very popular now in yokozuna ceremonies.
In 1938, Tamanishiki died while an active sumo wrestler, following a delayed appendectomy.[5]
Career Record
- In 1927 Tokyo and Osaka sumo merged and four tournaments a year in Tokyo and other locations began to be held.
| - | Spring | Summer | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1919 | (Maezumo) | (Maezumo) | ||||
| 1920 | (Maezumo) | West Jonokuchi #14 4–1 |
||||
| 1921 | West Jonidan #16 3–2 |
West Sandanme #54 2–3 |
||||
| 1922 | West Jonidan #1 2–3 |
West Sandanme #43 3–1 1h |
||||
| 1923 | East Sandanme #13 7–3 |
West Makushita #30 3–3 |
||||
| 1924 | East Makushita #24 4–1 |
West Makushita #3 4–2 |
||||
| 1925 | East Jūryō #11 5–1 |
East Jūryō #2 5–2 |
||||
| 1926 | West Maegashira #13 8–3 |
East Maegashira #6 5–6 |
||||
| Record given as win-loss-absent Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique Also shown: ★=Kinboshi; P=Playoff(s) | ||||||
| - | Spring Haru basho, Tokyo |
March Sangatsu basho, varied |
Summer Natsu basho, Tokyo |
October Jūgatsu basho, varied | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1927 | West Maegashira #3 6–5 |
West Maegashira #3 6–4–1 |
West Maegashira #1 6–4–1 |
East Maegashira #1 6–4 1d |
||
| 1928 | East Komusubi 8–3 |
West Komusubi 6–4 1d |
West Sekiwake 9–2 |
West Sekiwake 6–5 |
||
| 1929 | East Sekiwake 10–1 |
East Sekiwake 9–2 |
East Sekiwake 9–2 |
East Sekiwake 7–4 |
||
| 1930 | East Sekiwake 9–2 |
East Sekiwake 8–3 |
West Ōzeki 9–2 |
West Ōzeki 9–2 |
||
| 1931 | East Ōzeki 9–2 |
East Ōzeki 10–1 |
West Ōzeki 8–3 |
West Ōzeki 9–2 |
||
| 1932 | East Ōzeki 7–1 |
East Ōzeki 8–2 |
East Ōzeki 10–1 |
East Ōzeki 7–4 |
||
| Record given as win-loss-absent Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions Sanshō key: F=Fighting spirit; O=Outstanding performance; T=Technique Also shown: ★=Kinboshi; P=Playoff(s) | ||||||
| - | Spring Haru basho, Tokyo |
Summer Natsu basho, Tokyo |
Autumn Aki basho, Tokyo |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1933 | East Yokozuna 9–1 1d |
East Yokozuna 10–1 |
Not held | |||
| 1934 | Sat out due to injury | East Yokozuna 9–2 |
Not held | |||
| 1935 | East Yokozuna 10–1 |
East Yokozuna 10–1 |
Not held | |||
| 1936 | East Yokozuna 11–0 |
East Yokozuna 10–1 |
Not held | |||
| 1937 | East Yokozuna 6–1–4 |
East Yokozuna 9–4 |
Not held | |||
| 1938 | West Yokozuna 10–3 |
West Yokozuna 10–3 |
Not held | |||
| Record given as win-loss-absent Top Division Champion Top Division Runner-up Retired Lower Divisions Key:d=Draw(s) (引分); h=Hold(s) (預り) | ||||||
References
- "Wrestlers from Kochi Prefecture by rank". Sumo Reference. Retrieved August 16, 2023.
- "Rikishi of old: Tenryu Saburo and Shunjuen Incident". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved October 10, 2007.
- "Banzuke". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved October 11, 2007.
- Kuroda, Joe (October 2006). "Rikishi of Old:Minanogawa Tozo". Sumo Fan Magazine. Retrieved June 9, 2008.
- Sharnoff, Lora (1993). Grand Sumo. Weatherhill. ISBN 0-8348-0283-X.
- "Tamanishiki Sanemon". Sumo Reference. Retrieved September 26, 2007.
See also
