Tarnovo Patriarchate

The Tаrnovo Patriarchate (Bulgarian: Търновска патриаршия) was the name of an independent Bulgarian Orthodox Church in the period of 1235–1393.

A view of the Patriarchal Cathedral of the Holy Ascension of God, the seat of the Tarnovo Patriarchate

History

After the Vlach brothers Ivan Asen I and Peter IV[1] reestablished the Bulgarian Empire in 1185 they took steps to restore the autocephalous Bulgarian church.[2] As a result of the successful uprising of the brothers Peter IV and Ivan Asen I in 1185/1186, the foundations of the Second Bulgarian Empire were laid with Tarnovo as its capital. Following Boris I’s principle that the sovereignty of the state is inextricably linked to the autocephaly of the Church, the two brothers immediately took steps to restore the Bulgarian Patriarchate. As a start, they established an independent archbishopric in Tarnovo in 1186. The struggle to have the archbishopric recognized according to the canonical order and elevated to the rank of a Patriarchate took almost 50 years.[3]

Since the recognition of an independent church by Patriarch of Constantinople was impossible, the Bulgarians temporarily concluded a Union with the Roman Catholic Church until 1235, when following the Church Council in Lampsak the Patriarchate of Tarnovo was recognized as an independent Patriarchate with its seat in the capital Tarnovo.[4] The first Patriarch of Tаrnovo was Joachim I of Bulgaria.[5] The last Patriarch to reside in Tarnovo was Euthymius of Tarnovo who was sent into exile by the Ottomans after they seized the Bulgarian capital in 1393.[6]

In 1394, the Holy Synod of the Ecumenical Patriarchate gave the authorisation to the Metropolitan of Moldavia, Jeremiah, "to move with the help of God to the holy Church of Turnovo and to be allowed to perform everything befitting a prelate freely and without restraint." By around 1416, the territory of the Patriarchate of Turnovo was totally subordinated to the Ecumenical Patriarchate.[6]

Bulgarian Patriarchs of Tarnovo
Title Primate Reign Seat
Bulgarian Patriarchs of Tarnovo (1235–1393)
Patriarch Saint Joachim I 1235–1246 Tarnovo
Patriarch Vissarion c. 1246 Tarnovo
Patriarch Basil II 1246–c. 1254 Tarnovo
Patriarch Basil III c. 1254–1263 Tarnovo
Patriarch Joachim II 1263–1272 Tarnovo
Patriarch Ignatius 1272–1277 Tarnovo
Patriarch Saint Macarius 1277–1284 Tarnovo
Patriarch Joachim III 1284–1300 Tarnovo
Patriarch Dorotheus 1300–c. 1315 Tarnovo
Patriarch Romanus c. 1315–c. 1325 Tarnovo
Patriarch Theodosius I c. 1325–1337 Tarnovo
Patriarch Joannicius I 1337–c. 1340 Tarnovo
Patriarch Symeon c. 1341–1348 Tarnovo
Patriarch Theodosius II 1348–1363 Tarnovo
Patriarch Joannicius II 1363–1375 Tarnovo
Patriarch Saint Euthymius 1375–1393 Tarnovo

References
  1. bok.at
  2. Bulgarian Orthodox Church
  3. Parry, Ken (2010-05-10). The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 52–3. ISBN 978-1-4443-3361-9.
  4. http://istoria.bg
  5. bg-patriarshia.bg Archived 2016-03-25 at the Wayback Machine
  6. Parry, Ken (2010-05-10). The Blackwell Companion to Eastern Christianity. John Wiley & Sons. pp. 53–4. ISBN 978-1-4443-3361-9.
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