Tk (software)

Tk was developed by John Ousterhout as an extension for the Tcl scripting language. It was first publicly released in 1991.[10] Tk versioning was done separately from Tcl until version 8.0.

Tk was written originally for Unix/X11, and proved extremely popular with programmers in the 1990s by virtue of its being easier to learn and use than Motif and other X11 toolkits of the time.[11] Tk was also ported to Microsoft Windows and Macintosh platforms, starting with Tk 4.2 and improved with native look and feel in Tk 8.0 (released 1997). To mark the popularity and significance of Tk in the 1990s, Ousterhout was given the ACM Software System Award in 1997 for Tcl/Tk:[12]

Interest in Tk waned significantly from the late 1990s and onward. The default look and feel on Unix still emulated Motif, despite the mainstream replacement of Motif by toolkits such as FLTK, Qt, and GTK.[13] Widgets that became commonly used in applications (e.g. trees, combo boxes, tabbed notebooks) were not available in the Tk core, but only via multiple, often competing add-ons.[14]

Tk 8.5, released in late 2007, corrected some of these problems by adding missing widgets to the core, introducing a new theming engine and modernizing the look and feel on Unix.[8] However, because some code changes were required to incorporate these advancements, many existing applications retain the older Motif-inspired feel that Tk had become known for.[15]

Tk is a platform-independent GUI framework developed for Tcl. From a Tcl shell (tclsh), Tk may be invoked using the command package require Tk. The program wish (WIndowing SHell) provides a way to run a tclsh shell in a graphical window as well as providing Tk.[16]

Tk has the following characteristics:

• Platform-independent: Like Tcl, Tk is interpreted. It has been ported to multiple platforms and can easily run on all of them without modification.[17]
• Customizable: Almost all the features of a widget in Tk are customizable through options during the creation of the widget or later on through the configure command.[18]
• Configurable: Many of the options can be stored in an option database, making it very easy to parameterize the look of an application (such as the color scheme). This also means that storing the application-specific options is only a matter of saving the option add commands and executing them on loading the application.[19]

Tk provides various widgets.[26] Basic widgets are embedded into toplevel widgets, which in turn are usually hosted by the operating system in floating windows that can be moved around on the screen.[27]

• List of widget toolkits
• wish (Windowing Shell)
• Expect
• Tkinter – a Tk binding for Python
• Itk
• Category:Software that uses Tk (software)

Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Tcl Programming/Tk

• Official website
• Tcler's Wiki
• Tk 8.6 Manual
• Tk docs: modern Tk tutorial for Tcl, Ruby, Perl and Python
• Tcl-Tk at Curlie
• Languages with a Tk binding