Telugu Desam Party

The Telugu Desam Party (transl. Party of the Telugu Land; abbr. TDP) is an Indian regional political party with great influence in the states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana.[15] It was founded by the former chief minister of Andhra Pradesh N. T. Rama Rao (N.T.R.) on 29 March 1982 and has focused on supporting Telugu speakers. The party has won a five-time majority in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly and has emerged as the most successful political outfit in the state's history. It is currently the main opposition party in the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.[16][17]

Telugu Desam Party
AbbreviationTDP
PresidentN. Chandrababu Naidu
General SecretaryNara Lokesh
Parliamentary ChairpersonGalla Jayadev
Lok Sabha LeaderRam Mohan Naidu Kinjarapu
Rajya Sabha LeaderKanakamedala Ravindra Kumar
FounderN. T. Rama Rao
Founded29 March 1982 (1982-03-29)
HeadquartersNTR Bhavan, 1-816, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
Student wingTelugu Nadu Students Federation[1]
Youth wingTelugu Yuvata[2]
Women's wingTelugu Mahila[2]
Labour wingTelugu Nadu Trade Union Council[2]
Peasant's wingTelugu Raithu[2]
IdeologyPopulism[3]
Regionalism[3][4]
Economic liberalism[5]
Political positionCentre[6] to centre-right [7]
Colours  Yellow
ECI StatusState party[8]
Alliance
Seats in Lok Sabha
3 / 543
Seats in Rajya Sabha
1 / 245
Seats in Andhra Pradesh
Election symbol
Bicycle
Party flag
Website
www.telugudesam.org

From 1 September 1995, the TDP was led by N.T.R.'s son-in-law and the former chief minister of Andhra Pradesh N. Chandrababu Naidu as president of the party. The headquarters of the party is called N.T.R. Bhavan, which is located at Mangalagiri, Guntur.

Ideology and symbolism

The Telugu Desam Party follows a pro-Telugu ideology. It was founded as an alternative to the Congress hegemony, by emphasizing Telugu regional pride and serving as the party for farmers, backward castes and middle-class people. Since the 1990s, it has followed an economically liberal policy that has been seen as pro-business and pro-development.[18]

The TDP uses yellow as the background colour for the flag with a hut, wheel and plough symbol in the foreground. The party's official symbol is a bicycle.

Health insurance scheme

Since 2014, every active member is eligible for a life insurance policy of ₹2 lakh to be paid to their family in cases of death or permanent total disability, such as the loss of two limbs of eyes, due to accidents, with additional payouts of ₹5,000 per child (up to two) for educational costs. Active members are also reimbursed for up to ₹50,000 to cover hospital treatment from such accidents.[19]

History

N. T. Rama Rao Era (1983–1995)
Main article: Chief Ministership of N. T. Rama Rao
N. Taraka Rama Rao

As a film actor Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao (NTR) is a well-known name not only to the Telugu people but also to the entire country. On November 18, 1977, near Diviseema[20] in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh, the sea became turbulent and the Pralaya cyclone that crossed the coast at once caused great destruction to the villages. Thousands of people lost their lives in Horugali and Rakasi waves. The rotting bodies were mass cremated. Officially 14,204 people and unofficially about 50,000 lost their lives in the devastation caused by this typhoon. About 20 thousand acres of crops were damaged. Apart from this, property damage is also estimated to be in crores. People still get excited when they remember that Diviseema was flooded. Film actor NTR, who was shocked by the situation at that time, he took the support of entire film industry by saying that he should stand by the people of Divisea. NTR came to streets and beg everyone to help divisema people. The money donated by people was used to rehabilitate the people of Diviseema.

TDP party was founded thinking that we should stand by the people of the state who are struggling with many such problems and put a political party to stand by the people. The party was formed on 29 March 1982 and contested the 1983 elections. The people of Andhra Pradesh, who were fed up with the Congress government which had been ruling for 36 years, gave a great victory to the TDP party in the 1983 elections. On 9 January 1983, NTR was sworn in as the 7th Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.[21]

On 16 August 1984, when NTR went to America for the operation, Nadendla Bhaskara Rao, one of the MLAs of the TDP party, took the oath of office with the Governor along with his MLAs as the Chief Minister.[22] On 16 September 1984, NTR along with his MLAs went to Delhi and held a march and dharna against the then Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Then NTR was once again sworn in as the Chief Minister.

N. Chandrababu Naidu Era (1995–present)
Main article: Chief Ministership of Nara Chandrababu Naidu
N. Chandrababu Naidu

Election history

Lok Sabha election history

The total number of Lok Sabha seats in (previously undivided) Andhra Pradesh (1956-2014) was 42. After the 2014 bifurcation of the state, there are 25 Lok Sabha seats in Andhra Pradesh and 17 Lok Sabha seats in Telangana. The National United Front was formed with N. T. Rama Rao as chairperson. Under the leadership of Chandrababu Naidu the NDA government was formed with Atal Bihari Vajpayee as the Prime Minister of India. The TDP had G. M. C. Balayogi as the 12th Speaker of the Lok Sabha. TDP was the second largest party in 1984 Indian General Elections, winning 30 seats with 4.31% of votes, thus achieving the distinction of becoming the first regional party to become a national opposition party. However, in the next election they were reduced to only 2 seats out of 42 contested, which has to this day remained the biggest defeat for the party.

Vote share in consecutive Lok Sabha elections
1984
 
 4.31%
1989
 
 3.29%
1991
 
 2.99%
1996
 
 2.97%
1998
 
 2.77%
1999
 
 3.65%
2004
 
 3.04%
2009
 
 2.51%
2014
 
 2.55%
2019
 
 2.04%
Year Lok Sabha Party leader Seats won Change in seats Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular vote Outcome Ref.
1984 8th N. T. Rama Rao Increase 30 4.31% Increase 4.31% 10,132,859 Opposition [23]
1989 9th Decrease 28 3.29% Decrease 1.02% 9,909,728 Others [24]
1991 10th Increase 11 2.99% Decrease 0.30 8,223,271 [25]
1996 11th N. Chandrababu Naidu Increase 3 2.97% Decrease 0.02 9,931,826 [26]
1998 12th Decrease 4 2.77% Decrease 0.20 10,199,463 Government [27]
1999 13th Increase 17 3.65% Increase 0.88 13,297,370 [28]
2004 14th Decrease 24 3.04% Decrease 0.61 11,844,811 Others [29]
2009 15th Increase 1 2.51% Decrease 0.53 10,481,659 [30]
2014 16th Increase 10 2.55% Increase 0.04 14,099,230 Government [31]
2019 17th Decrease 13 2.04% Decrease 0.51 12,515,345 Others

State legislative assembly elections
Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Elections[32]
Year Assembly Party leader Seats contested Seats won Change in seats Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular vote Outcome
2014 14th N. Chandrababu Naidu 175
102 / 175
 Increase 102 44.9% Steady Steady Government
2019 15th
23 / 175
 Decrease 79 39.17% Decrease 5.73 12,304,668 Opposition
Telangana Legislative Assembly Elections[33]
Year Assembly Party leader Seats contested Seats won Change in seats Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular vote Outcome
2014 1st N. Chandrababu Naidu 119
15 / 119
 Increase 15 14.7% Steady Steady Others
2018 2nd 13
2 / 119
 Decrease 13 3.51% Decrease 11.19 725,714
United Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly Elections[32]
Year Assembly Party leader Seats contested Seats won Change in seats Percentage of votes Vote swing Popular vote Outcome
1983 7th N. T. Rama Rao 289
201 / 294
 Increase 201 0.21% Steady 45,072 Government
1985 8th 250
202 / 294
 Increase 1 46.21% Increase 46.00% 10,625,508
1989 9th 241
74 / 294
 Decrease 127 36.54% Decrease 9.67% 10,506,982 Opposition
1994 10th 251
216 / 294
 Increase 142 44.14% Increase 7.60% 13,743,842 Government
1999 11th N. Chandrababu Naidu 269
180 / 294
 Decrease 36 43.87% Decrease 0.27% 14,613,307
2004 12th 267
47 / 294
 Decrease 133 37.59% Decrease 6.28% 13,444,168 Opposition
2009 13th 225
92 / 294
 Increase 45 28.12% Decrease 9.47% 11,826,457

List of party leaders

National Presidents
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term in office
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 N. Chandrababu Naidu
(1950–)		 29 May 2015 Incumbent 8 years, 151 days

Presidents
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term in office
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 N. T. Rama Rao
(1923–1996)		 29 March 1982 31 August 1995 13 years, 155 days
2 N. Chandrababu Naidu
(1950–)		 1 September 1995 29 May 2015 19 years, 270 days

Legislative leaders

List of union cabinet ministers
Portfolio Name
(Birth–Death)		 Tenure Prime Minister Government
Assumed office Left office Time in office
Ministry of Information and Broadcasting P. Upendra
(1936–2009)		 6 December 1989 10 November 1990 339 days Vishwanath Pratap Singh Janata Dal
(National Front)
Minister of Parliamentary Affairs
Ministry of Rural Development Kinjarapu Yerran Naidu
(1957–2012)		 1 June 1996 19 March 1998 1 year, 291 days H. D. Deve Gowda
Inder Kumar Gujral		 Janata Dal
(United Front)
Ministry of Commerce Bolla Bulli Ramaiah
(1926–2018)		 29 June 1996 19 March 1998 1 year, 263 days
Ministry of Textiles 20 January 1998 19 March 1998 58 days
Ministry of Urban Development Ummareddy Venkateswarlu
(1935–)		 9 June 1997 19 March 1998 283 days
Ministry of Civil Aviation Ashok Gajapathi Raju
(1951–)		 26 May 2014 9 March 2018 3 years, 287 days Narendra Modi Bharatiya Janata Party
(NDA)
Ministry of Science and Technology (State) Y. S. Chowdary
(1961–)		 9 Nov 2014 9 March 2018 3 years, 120 days
Earth Sciences (State)

List of chief ministers
Further information: List of chief ministers of Andhra Pradesh
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Tenure Assembly Ministry
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 N. T. Rama Rao
(1923–1996)		 9 January 1983 16 August 1984 7 years, 195 days 7th Rao I
16 September 1984 9 March 1985
9 March 1985 2 December 1989 8th Rao II
12 December 1994 1 September 1995 10th Rao III
2 N. Bhaskara Rao
(1936–)		 16 August 1984 16 September 1984 31 days 7th Rao
3 N. Chandrababu Naidu
(1950–)		 1 September 1995 11 October 1999 13 years, 245 days 10th Naidu I
11 October 1999 13 May 2004 11th Naidu II
8 June 2014 29 May 2019 14th Naidu III

List of speakers of the Lok Sabha
Further information: Speaker of the Lok Sabha
No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death)		 Term in office Lok Sabha
(Election)		 Constituency
Assumed office Left office Time in office
1 G. M. C. Balayogi
(1951–2002)		 24 March 1998 19 October 1999 3 years, 341 days 12th
(1998)		 Amalapuram
22 October 1999 3 March 2002 13th
(1999)

See also

References
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  2. "TDP appoints leaders for its frontal wings". The Hindu. thehindu.com. 25 May 2015. Retrieved 3 August 2015.
  3. "Encyclopedia Britannica".
  4. Suri, K. C. (2004). "Telugu Desam Party: Rise and Prospects for Future". Economic and Political Weekly. 39 (14/15): 1481–1490. ISSN 0012-9976. JSTOR 4414865.
  5. Price, Pamela; Srinivas, Dusi (August 2014). Piliavsky, Anastasia (ed.). "Patronage and autonomy in India's deepening democracy". Cambridge University Press: 217–236. doi:10.1017/CBO9781107296930.011. ISBN 978-1-107-29693-0.
  6. "Tumultuous transition". 27 May 2017.
  7. "Why no centre-right political party in India today?". 16 February 2014.
  8. "List of Political Parties and Election Symbols main Notification Dated 18.01.2013" (PDF). India: Election Commission of India. 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2013.
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  10. "Chandrababu Naidu: Coalitions have delivered clear policies". The Indian Express. 28 October 2018. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  11. "The Hindu : Andhra Pradesh News : Grand alliance a morale booster: CPI". 7 February 2009. Archived from the original on 7 February 2009. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  12. "Grand Alliance in Andhra Pradesh". 14 February 2009. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  13. Sukumar, C. R.; Chaturvedi, Rakesh Mohan. "Telugu Desam Party: YSR Congress backs TDP move, pushes for no-confidence motion against Modi government". The Economic Times. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  14. "TDP back in NDA; ties up with BJP for LS, Andhra Pradesh state polls". The Indian Express. 6 April 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  15. Price, Pamela; Ruud, Arild Engelsen (8 October 2010). Power and Influence in India: Bosses, Lords, and Captains. Taylor & Francis. pp. 246–275. ISBN 9781136197994.
  16. "Party-Wise Representation of Members". Parliament of India: Lok Sabha. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  17. "ONCE UPON A POLL: Eighth Lok Sabha Election (1984)". The Indian Express. 21 March 2014. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  18. Suri, K. C. (2004). "Telugu Desam Party: Rise and Prospects for Future". Economic and Political Weekly. Jistor. 39 (14/15): 1481–1490. JSTOR 4414865. Retrieved 3 April 2004.
  19. "TDP offers party membership with free accident insurance". The Hindu. 30 October 2014. Retrieved 30 October 2014.
  20. "Recalling the Diviseema cyclone". The Hindu. 20 November 2015.
  21. Rao, K. V. Narayana; Ram, D. Sundar (1990). "Political Developments in Andhra Pradesh 1978-1989: A Study". The Indian Journal of Political Science. 51 (4): 540–564. JSTOR 41855522.
  22. "Dismissal of NTR ministry planned, Nadendla Bhaskara Rao nurtured with care of an assassin".
  23. Election Commission 1984.
  24. Election Commission 1989.
  25. Election Commission 1991.
  26. Election Commission 1996.
  27. Election Commission 1998.
  28. Election Commission 1999.
  29. Election Commission 2004.
  30. Election Commission 2009.
  31. Election Commission 2014.
  32. "Andhra Pradesh Assembly Election Results". Election Commission of India. 17 January 2020. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 5 April 2021.
  33. "Telangana Assembly Election Results". Election Commission of India. 1 April 2019. Retrieved 1 April 2019.

Works cited
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