Tennis pro tours and tournament ranking series

For many years before the Open Era of tennis in 1968, the usual format for the handful of touring tennis professionals was a series of two-man one-night stands across the United States and often in other countries as well. The most notable of these tours were the "World Series"[1][2] or "World Professional Championships",[3][4][5][6] in which the reigning world champion went head-to-head against a challenger, most often the leading amateur of the previous year who had just turned pro. Promoters would attempt to sign the leading amateur to a contract with a minimum guarantee against a percentage of gate receipts, making a similar type of deal with the reigning professional champion and sometimes giving smaller percentages to undercard players. The winners of the tours were described as being the "world champion".[7]

After World War II, with an increasing number of prominent professional players, there were occasionally tournament series with point systems which created official rankings for the complete field of pros. The tournament ranking series were held in 1946, 1959 and 1960 and there were also World Championship tours in these same three years involving only a few pros. The last World Championship two-man tour was held in 1963, featuring a final set of matches of Ken Rosewall against Rod Laver. From 1964 until 1967, a tournament series with a point system determined the pro No. 1 player. Some shorter two-man or four-man tours continued to be held from 1964 onward, as there had been since the late 1920s, but without a world title at stake.[8]

World Championship tours

* Partial or incomplete result.

Date	Pro tour	Standings	Head-to-head results		Ref.
1928 Aug 25–Dec 7	World tour	Principals: Karel Koželuh Vincent Richards Secondaries: Howard Kinsey Harvey Snodgrass	Koželuh–Richards	15–4	[9]
1931 Feb 18–Aug 16	North America tour[lower-alpha 1]	Principals: Bill Tilden Karel Koželuh Secondaries: Francis Hunter Emmett Paré Albert Burke Bobby Seller Bruce Barnes	Tilden–Koželuh	50–17	[10]
1932 Jan 4–Jul 10	U.S. tour[lower-alpha 2]	Principals: Bill Tilden Hans Nüsslein Secondaries: Francis Hunter Vincent Richards Albert Burke Roman Najuch Bruce Barnes Emmett Paré Karel Koželuh	Tilden–Nüsslein	100–50	[11] [12]
1933 Jan–May	North America tour[lower-alpha 3]	Principals: Bill Tilden Hans Nüsslein Secondaries: Francis Hunter Bruce Barnes Emmett Paré	Tilden–Nüsslein	56–22[13]	[11]
1934 Jan 10–May 13	U.S. tour	Principals: Ellsworth Vines Bill Tilden Secondaries: Bruce Barnes Vincent Richards Keith Gledhill Alfred Chapin	Vines–Tilden	38–19[14]	[15]
1935 Jan 9–Apr 29	North America tour[lower-alpha 4]	Ellsworth Vines Hans Nüsslein Bill Tilden or George Lott or Les Stoefen	Vines–Stoefen	25–1	[16]
			Vines–Nüsslein	75%–25+%*
			Vines–Tilden	9–3[17]
			Vines–Lott	2–0[18]
			Tilden–Lott	35–6*[19]
			Vines/Tilden–Lott/Stoefen	20–10
1936 Jan 11–Jun 7	North America tour[lower-alpha 5]	Principals: Ellsworth Vines Les Stoefen Secondaries: George Lott Berkeley Bell	Vines–Stoefen	33–5*	[20]
1937 Jan 6–May 12	North America tour	Principals: Ellsworth Vines Fred Perry Secondaries: George Lott Bruce Barnes	Vines–Perry	32–29	[21]
			Tilden–Perry	2–0
			Barnes–Lott	25-19*
			Perry/Vines–Barnes/Lott	25–16*
1938 Jan 11–May 30	North America tour[lower-alpha 6]	Principals: Ellsworth Vines Fred Perry Secondaries: Walter Senior Berkeley Bell	Vines–Perry	49–35	[22]
			Senior–Bell	25–12*
			Senior/Vines–Bell/Perry	33–21*
1939 Jan 3–Mar 6	North America tour	Principals: Don Budge Ellsworth Vines Secondaries: Dick Skeen Bruce Barnes Alfred Chapin	Budge–Vines	22–17	[23]
1939 Jan 3–Mar 6	North America tour		Skeen–Chapin	13–2*	[23]
1939 Mar 10–May 8	North America tour	Principals: Don Budge Fred Perry Secondaries: Ben Gorchakoff Walter Senior	Budge–Perry	28–8	[23]
1941 Jan 6–May 10	North America tour[lower-alpha 7]	Don Budge Bill Tilden	Budge–Tilden	47–6[24]	[25]
1941 Dec 26–Apr 5	U.S. tour[lower-alpha 8]	Don Budge (52–18) Bobby Riggs (36–36) Frank Kovacs (25–26) Fred Perry (23–30) Lester Stoefen (3–31)	Budge–Riggs	15–10	[26] [27]
			Budge–Kovacs	12–5
			Budge–Perry	15–3
			Budge–Stoefen	10–0
1946 Mar 9–Jun 2	North America tour	Principals: Bobby Riggs Don Budge Secondaries: Wayne Sabin John Faunce	Riggs–Budge	24–22	[28]
1947 Dec 26–1948 May 27	North America tour	Principals: Jack Kramer Bobby Riggs Secondaries: Dinny Pails Pancho Segura	Kramer–Riggs	69–20	[8]
1949 Oct 25–1950 May 21	World tour	Principals: Jack Kramer Pancho Gonzales Secondaries: Frank Parker Pancho Segura Bobby Riggs	Kramer–Gonzales	94–29	[29]
1950 Oct 28–1951 Mar	North America tour[8]	Jack Kramer Pancho Segura	Kramer–Segura	64–28	[30]
1953 Jan 6–Jun 1	North America tour	Principals: Jack Kramer Frank Sedgman Secondaries: Pancho Segura Ken McGregor	Kramer–Sedgman	54–41	[8] [31]
1953 Jan 6–Jun 1	North America tour		Segura–McGregor	71–25	[8] [31]
1954 Jan 3–May 30	North America tour	Pancho Gonzales Pancho Segura Frank Sedgman Don Budge	Gonzales–Sedgman	30–21	[8]
			Gonzales–Segura	30–21
			Segura–Sedgman	23–22
1955 Dec 9–1956 Jun 3	North America tour	Principals: Pancho Gonzales Tony Trabert Secondaries: Pancho Segura Rex Hartwig Jack Kramer	Gonzales–Trabert	74–27	[8]
1957 Jan–May	World tour	Principals: Pancho Gonzales Ken Rosewall Secondaries: Dinny Pails Pancho Segura	Gonzales–Rosewall	50–26	[8]
1958 Jan–May	World tour	Principals: Pancho Gonzales Lew Hoad Secondaries: Tony Trabert Pancho Segura Ken Rosewall Frank Sedgman	Gonzales–Hoad	51–36	[8]
1959 Feb 20–May 31	North America tour	Pancho Gonzales (47–15) Lew Hoad (42–20) Ashley Cooper (21–40) Mal Anderson (13–48)	Gonzales–Cooper	14–0	[32]
			Gonzales–Anderson	20–0
			Hoad-Gonzales	15–13
			Hoad–Cooper	18–2
			Hoad–Anderson	9–5
			Cooper–Anderson	19–8
1960 Jan–Jun	World tour	Pancho Gonzales (49–8) Ken Rosewall (32–25) Pancho Segura (22–28) Alex Olmedo (11–44)	Gonzales–Rosewall	20–4	[33]
1960 Dec 30–1961 May 28	World tour	Pancho Gonzales (33–14) Andrés Gimeno (27–20) = Lew Hoad (24–23) = Tony Trabert (24–23) Barry MacKay (22–25) Alex Olmedo (18–29) Butch Buchholz (16–31)	—	—	[34]
		Finals: Pancho Gonzales Andrés Gimeno Frank Sedgman Barry MacKay	Gonzales–Gimeno (final)	21–7
			Sedgman–MacKay (3rd place)	15–13
1963 Feb–May 30	North America tour	Ken Rosewall (31–10) Rod Laver (26–16) Butch Buchholz (23–18) Andrés Gimeno (21–20) Barry MacKay (12–29) Luis Ayala (11–30)	Rosewall–Laver	5–3	[35]
		Finals: Ken Rosewall Rod Laver Andrés Gimeno Butch Buchholz	Rosewall–Laver (final)	14–4
			Gimeno–Buchholz (3rd place)	11–7

Winners

Tours	Player	Years
7	Pancho Gonzales	1954, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61
5	Ellsworth Vines	1934, 35, 36, 37, 38
4	Don Budge	1939 (Mar), 39 (May), 41, 42
4	Jack Kramer	1948, 50, 51, 53
3	Bill Tilden	1931, 32, 33
1	Karel Koželuh	1928
	Bobby Riggs	1946
	Ken Rosewall	1963

Tournament ranking series

There were occasionally important professional tournament series which were referred to as establishing full field rankings, necessitated by the increasing number of prominent professional players in the post-World War II period. In 1946, there was a professional tournament series of 18 events in the U.S. under the organization of the P.P.A.T. (Professional Players Association of Tennis) linked by a points system won by Bobby Riggs, which he relied upon as evidence of his mastery of the entire pro field.[36] In 1959, Jack Kramer established a series of 15 tournaments in Australia, North America, and Europe linked by a points system which provided a full field ranking of all the contract professionals, plus a substantial money prize for the top finisher, with Lew Hoad emerging as world No. 1.[37] The 1959 tournament series was officially named the "Ampol Open Trophy", after the principal sponsor of the tournaments, the Ampol oil company, and the trophy awarded to the winner.[38] The 1959 tournament series was referred to as "the world series" in Kramer's brochure and a newspaper report.[39][40] In 1960, Kramer again established a tournament series with a points system, but both Gonzales and Hoad withdrew from the field and the final results are unknown. In 1964, under Kramer's advice, the I.P.T.P.A. (International Professional Tennis Players Association) established a series of 17 tournaments in U.S. and Europe with a points system, and a world No. 1 and world champion was named as a result, Ken Rosewall. This system continued in subsequent years, with Rod Laver attaining the No. 1 ranking position for the 1965, 1966, and 1967 pro tournament series. The final results of these later tournament series were not published. In 1968–69, the two pro tennis tours, the NTL and the WCT, each had a tournament series ranking list which contributed four players from each tour to a combined final tournament at the Madison Square Garden. Tony Roche won the 1968 event,[41] and Rod Laver won the 1969 event.[42] Beginning in 1970, the ILTF authorized Kramer to arrange a year-end championship in which the pros with the highest tournament series points competed for the title of Grand Prix champion. This event was held in various locations and finally remained at Madison Square Garden from 1977 to 1989. In 1990, the ATP took over running the event and started awarding ranking points for the 8 qualifiers based on their results in the tournament. Currently, the championship is known as the "ATP Finals".[43]

Date	Tournament series	Standings	Points results	Ref.
1946 June 11 – Nov 17	P.P.A.T. 18 tournaments[lower-roman 1]	Bobby Riggs Don Budge Frank Kovacs Welby Van Horn Carl Earn Wayne Sabin John Faunce Jack Jossi Fred Perry Bill Tilden	278 164 149 143 94 74 68 60 50 36	[45]
1959 Jan 8–1960 Jan 2	Ampol Open Trophy 15 tournaments[lower-roman 2]	Lew Hoad Pancho Gonzales Ken Rosewall Frank Sedgman Tony Trabert = Pancho Segura = Mal Anderson Ashley Cooper Mervyn Rose Alex Olmedo	51 43 41 32 25 14 14 8 1 1	[45] [46]
1964 May 19–Oct 31	I.P.T.P.A. 17 tournaments[lower-roman 3]	Ken Rosewall Rod Laver Pancho Gonzales Andrés Gimeno Butch Buchholz Lew Hoad Alex Olmedo = Robert Haillet = Luis Ayala	—	[47] [48]

Winners

Series	Player	Years
4	Rod Laver	1965, 1966, 1967, 1969
1	Bobby Riggs	1946
1	Lew Hoad	1959
1	Ken Rosewall	1964
1	Tony Roche	1968

Other professional tours

* Partial or incomplete result.

Women

Date	Pro Tour	Standings	Head-to-head results		Ref.
1926 Oct 9–1927 Feb	North America tour[lower-alpha 9]	Suzanne Lenglen Mary K. Browne	Lenglen–Browne	38–0	[49]
1927 Jul 5–Jul	U.K. tour[lower-alpha 10]	Suzanne Lenglen Dorothea Köring Evelyn Dewhurst	—	incomplete results	[50]
1936 Jan 11–Apr	U.S. tour	Ethel Burkhardt Arnold Jane Sharp	Arnold–Sharp	—	[51]
1936 Oct 9–	Asia tour	Jane Sharp Sanae Okada	Marble–Hardwick	incomplete results	[51]
1941 Jan 6–May 10	North America tour[lower-alpha 11]	Alice Marble Mary Hardwick	Marble–Hardwick	58–3	[52] [27]
1942 Jun 6–	U.S. tour[lower-alpha 12]	Principals: Dorothy Round Mary Hardwick Secondaries: Bobby Riggs Wayne Sabin	Round–Hardwick	—	[53]
1943 Jun 9–	U.S. tour (military posts)	Principals: Alice Marble Mary Hardwick Secondaries: Charles Hare	Marble–Hardwick	—	[53]
1943	U.S. tour (Women's Army Corps bases)[lower-alpha 13]	Eveleen Donelley Lezlie Harrington	Donelley-Harrington	—	[53]
1943 Sep–	U.S. Tour (colleges)[lower-alpha 14]	Alice Marble Mary Hardwick	Marble–Hardwick	—	[53]
1944	Canal Zone and Caribbean tour	Alice Marble Mary Hardwick	Marble–Hardwick	—	[53]
1947 Jun 8–	U.S. & Europe tour	Pauline Betz Sarah Palfrey Cooke	Betz–Palfrey Cooke	—	[8] [54]
1951	U.S. tour	Pauline Betz Gussie Moran	Betz–Moran	—	[55]
1959 Dec 28–1960	U.S. tour	Althea Gibson Karol Fageros	Gibson–Fageros	114–4	[8] [56]

Men

Date	Pro tour	Standings	Head-to-head results		Ref.
1926 Oct 9–1927 Feb	North America tour[lower-alpha 15]	Vincent Richards Paul Féret Howard Kinsey Harvey Snodgrass	—	incomplete results	[49]
1927 Jul 5–Jul	U.K. tour[lower-alpha 16]	Karel Koželuh Howard Kinsey	Koželuh–Kinsey	incomplete results	[57]
1929 Sep–Oct 27	U.S. tour	Karel Koželuh Vincent Richards	Koželuh–Richards	5–2	[58]
1930	U.S. tour	Principals: Karel Koželuh Vincent Richards Secondaries: Dan Maskell Allen Behr Roman Najuch Charles Wood	Koželuh–Richards	4–2	[58]
1931 May 9–17	North America tour	Bill Tilden Vincent Richards	Tilden–Richards	4–0*	[59]
1931 Oct 21–Nov 9	Europe tour[lower-alpha 17]	Bill Tilden Albert Burke Karel Koželuh Martin Plaa Francis Hunter Hans Nüsslein Roman Najuch	—	incomplete results	[59]
1932 Sep 17–Nov 27	Europe tour[lower-alpha 18]	Bill Tilden Hans Nüsslein Roman Najuch Bruce Barnes Various local playeres	—	incomplete results	[60]
1933	Europe tour[lower-alpha 19]	Bill Tilden Bruce Barnes Hans Nüsslein Roman Najuch Various local players	—	incomplete results	[60]
1933	U.S. tour	Bill Tilden Francis Hunter Bruce Barnes Vincent Richards Theodore Rericha Emmett Paré	—	incomplete results
1933	South America tour	Hans Nüsslein Karel Koželuh Various local players	Nüsslein–Koželuh	incomplete results
1933–1934	South America tour	Henri Cochet Martin Plaa Various local players	—	incomplete results
1934 Feb 19–Mar 19	North America tour	United States (10) Bill Tilden Ellsworth Vines France (0) Henri Cochet Martin Plaa	Vines–Cochet	10–0	[61]
			Vines–Plaa	8–2
			Tilden–Cochet	8–2
			Tilden–Plaa	10–0
1934 April 2–May	U.S. tour	Vincent Richards Bruce Barnes Henri Cochet Martin Plaa	—	incomplete results	[61]
1934 Aug–Sep	Europe tour	Bill Tilden Martin Plaa Keith Gledhill Alfred Estrabeau Henri Cochet Robert Ramillon	—	incomplete results	[61]
1935	World tour	Henri Cochet R. O. Cummings James Willard James Anderson Various other local players	—	incomplete results	[62]
1936 Jan–Jun	U.S. tour[lower-alpha 20]	Principals:[63] Bill Tilden Bruce Barnes Secondaries: Jimmy McClure[64]	Tilden–Barnes	—	[65]
1936 Oct 9–Nov	Asian tour	Ellsworth Vines Bill Tilden	Vines–Tilden	—	[65]
1937 Jan–Apr	North America tour	Bill Tilden Martin Plaa Hytaro Satoh Alfred Chapin	—	incomplete results	[66]
1937 Mar 24–Apr 10	U.S. tour	Principals: Fred Perry Bill Tilden Secondaries: Vincent Richards George Lott Bruce Barnes	Perry–Tilden	4–1*	[66]
1937 Mar 24–Apr 10	U.S. tour		Perry/Vines–Richards/Tilden	5–0	[66]
1937 May–Jun 15	Europe Tour	Principals: Fred Perry Ellsworth Vines Secondaries: Hans Nüsslein Bill Tilden Martin Plaa Lester Stoefen Alfred Estrabeau Henri Cochet Various local players	Perry–Vines	6–3
1937 Oct	Italy tour	Henri Cochet Bill Tilden Robert Ramillon Hans Nüsslein	—	incomplete results	[66]
1937 Nov 20–1938 Mar 24	Egypt & Asia tour	Henri Cochet Bill Tilden Robert Ramillon Albert Burke Various local players	Cochet–Tilden	incomplete results	[66] [67]
1937 Nov 20–1938 Mar 24	Egypt & Asia tour		Ramillon–Burke	incomplete results	[66] [67]
1938	U.S. tour	Vincent Richards Fred Perry Karel Koželuh Berkeley Bell Bruce Barnes	—	incomplete results
1938 Nov 15–Nov 29	Caribbean tour	Ellsworth Vines Fred Perry	Vines–Perry	4–4	[67]
1939 May 25–Aug 30	Europe tour[lower-alpha 21]	Don Budge Ellsworth Vines Bill Tilden or Lester Stoefen	Budge–Vines	15–5	[68]
			Budge–Tilden	—
			Budge–Stoefen	—
1939 Oct–1940 Jan	U.S. & Mexico tour	Fred Perry Bill Tilden Lester Stoefen Ben Gorchakoff Bruce Barnes	—	incomplete results	[69] [70]
1940	U.S. tour	Fred Perry Bill Tilden Vincent Richards Ben Gorchakoff	Perry–Tilden	incomplete results
1941 Jun–Sep 1	U.S. tour	Principals: Fred Perry Bill Tilden Secondaries: Vincent Richards Karel Koželuh	Perry–Tilden	incomplete results	[26]
1941 Jun–Sep 1	U.S. tour		Koželuh–Richards*	incomplete results	[26]
1946 Feb–Aug	U.S. tour	Fred Perry Bill Tilden		incomplete results
1946 Dec–1947 Jan	South African tour	Don Budge Bobby Riggs	Budge–Riggs	incomplete results	[71]
1947 Feb	Europe tour	Don Budge Bobby Riggs	Budge–Riggs	incomplete results	[71]
1947 Apr–Sep	USA Pro Challenge Tour	Frank Kovacs (6–5) Bobby Riggs (5–6)	Kovacs–Riggs	—	[lower-alpha 22]
1948 Jun–Jul	South America tour	Jack Kramer Pancho Segura Dinny Pails Bobby Riggs	—	incomplete results	[83]
1948 Sep–Nov	Australia tour	Jack Kramer Pancho Segura Dinny Pails Bobby Riggs	—	incomplete results	[84]
1950 Nov–Dec	New Zealand tour	Dinny Pails Pancho Gonzales Don Budge Frank Parker	—	incomplete results	[85]
1951 Jan–Feb	Australia tour	Pancho Gonzales (36–6) Dinny Pails (27–15) Frank Parker (14–28) Don Budge (9–33)	—	—	[85]
1951 Oct–Nov	South America tour	Pancho Segura Pancho Gonzales	Segura–Gonzales	incomplete results	[86]
1953 Aug–Sep	Europe tour	Dinny Pails Ken McGregor Pancho Segura Frank Sedgman	—	incomplete results	[87]
1954 Sep–Oct	Asia tour	Frank Sedgman (10–7–1) Pancho Gonzales (10–8) Pancho Segura (10–8) Jack Kramer (5–12–1)	—	—	[88] [89]
1954 Nov–Dec	Australia tour	Pancho Gonzales Frank Sedgman or Pancho Segura Ken McGregor	Gonzales–Sedgman	16–9
			Gonzales–Segura	4–2
			Gonzales–McGregor	15–0
1955 Jan–Feb	Australia tour	Frank Sedgman Pancho Gonzales Ian Ayre Pancho Segura	—	incomplete results	[90]
1955 Jul–Sep	Europe tour	Ken McGregor Pancho Gonzales Pancho Segura Frank Sedgman Fred Perry	—	incomplete results	[91]
1956 Jun–Jul	South America tour	Pancho Gonzales Tony Trabert Frank Sedgman Jack Kramer	—	incomplete results	[92]
1956 Aug–Oct	Europe tour	Pancho Gonzales Tony Trabert Frank Sedgman Rex Hartwig	—	incomplete results	[93]
1956 Oct–Nov	South Africa tour	Pancho Gonzales (9–4) Frank Sedgman (7–6) Tony Trabert (6–7) Rex Hartwig (4–9)	—		[93]
1957 Jun–Jul	South America tour	Pancho Segura Dinny Pails Ken Rosewall Jack Kramer	—	incomplete results	[94]
1957 Aug–Oct	Europe tour	Ken Rosewall Pancho Segura Lew Hoad Jack Kramer	—	incomplete results	[95]
1957 Oct–Nov	South Africa tour	Ken Rosewall Pancho Segura Lew Hoad Jack Kramer	—	incomplete results	[96]
1957 Nov	Asia tour	Ken Rosewall Pancho Segura Lew Hoad Jack Kramer	—	incomplete results	[95]
1957 Nov–Dec	Australian tour	Ken Rosewall Lew Hoad Frank Sedgman Pancho Segura	—	incomplete results	[97] [98]
1958 Jul–Oct	Europe tour	Ken Rosewall Lew Hoad Tony Trabert Pancho Segura	—	incomplete results	[99]
1958 2 Aug–25 Oct	Perrier Trophy tour	Ken Rosewall Lew Hoad or Tony Trabert or Pancho Segura	—	incomplete results	[100]
1958 Nov–Dec	Asia tour	Ken Rosewall Frank Sedgman Tony Trabert Pancho Segura	—	incomplete results	[101]
1959 Jan–Feb	Australia tour	Ken Rosewall Lew Hoad Tony Trabert Pancho Segura Mal Anderson Ashley Cooper Pancho Gonzales Frank Sedgman Ken McGregor Mervyn Rose	—	incomplete results	[102] [103]
1959 Feb–Mar	New Zealand tour	Ken Rosewall Tony Trabert Frank Sedgman Mervyn Rose	—	incomplete results	[32]
1959 Jul–Oct	Grand Prix de Europe	Frank Sedgman (18) Ken Rosewall (17) Lew Hoad (11) Tony Trabert (8)	—	—	[104]
1959 Nov	South African tour	Ken Rosewall (12–2) Pancho Segura (9–5) Ashley Cooper (7–7) Mal Anderson (4–10) Mervyn Rose (3–11)	—	—	[105]
1960 April	New Zealand tour	Lew Hoad (7–3) Mal Anderson (7–3) Frank Sedgman (4–6) Ashley Cooper (2–8)	Hoad–Anderson	1–0	[106]
1960 Jun–Aug	Grand Prix de Europe	Ashley Cooper (72%) Andrés Gimeno (66%) Pancho Segura (43%) Mal Anderson (43%) Alex Olmedo (37%)	—	—	[107]
1960 Oct–Dec	Asia tour	Ken Rosewall Tony Trabert Ashley Cooper Lew Hoad Andrés Gimeno Pancho Segura Mal Anderson Alex Olmedo	—	incomplete results	[34]
1961 Feb	Europe tour	Tony Trabert Mike Davies Robert Haillet Kurt Nielsen	—	incomplete results	[108]
1961 Apr	South America tour	Pancho Segura (18–5) Alex Olmedo (13–11) Ashley Cooper (12–12) Butch Buchholz (5–20)	—	—	[108]
1961 July	Soviet Union tour	Tony Trabert Butch Buchholz Pancho Segura Lew Hoad	—	—	[109]
1961 Aug–Sep	British Isles tour	Lew Hoad (6–4) Pancho Gonzales (4–6)	Hoad–Gonzales	6–4	[110] [111]
1962 Mar	New Zealand tour	Ken Rosewall Andrés Gimeno Frank Sedgman Luis Ayala	Rosewall–Ayala	4–1	[112]
1962 Mar	New Zealand tour	Ken Rosewall Andrés Gimeno Frank Sedgman Luis Ayala	Gimeno–Sedgman	3–2
1962 Jul–Oct	Facis trophy	Lew Hoad Pancho Segura Mal Anderson Tony Trabert Ashley Cooper Ken Rosewall Alex Olmedo Butch Buchholz Andrés Gimeno Mike Davies Barry MacKay	Winner: Hoad	—	[113]
1962	European Cup	Ashley Cooper Andrés Gimeno	Winner: Cooper	[114]
1962 Aug–Sep	Europe Tour	Ashley Cooper Andrés Gimeno Lew Hoad Tony Trabert Mal Anderson Luis Ayala Butch Buchholz Mike Davies Robert Haillet Barry MacKay Kurt Nielsen Alex Olmedo Ken Rosewall Pancho Segura		[115] [116]
1963 Jan	Australasia tour	Lew Hoad Rod Laver Ken Rosewall	Rosewall–Laver	11–2	[117] [118] [119]
1963 Jan	Australasia tour	Lew Hoad Rod Laver Ken Rosewall	Hoad–Laver	8–0	[117] [118] [119]
1963 Jan–Feb	New Zealand tour	Ken Rosewall (7–0) Rod Laver (0–7) Andrés Gimeno (5–2) Luis Ayala (2–5)	—	incomplete results	[35]
1963 Jul–Sep	Europe Tour	Lew Hoad Luis Ayala Mike Davies Andrés Gimeno Robert Haillet Rod Laver Kurt Nielsen Alex Olmedo Ken Rosewall Frank Sedgman	—	incomplete results	[120]
1963	European Cup				[114]
1963 Jul–Sep	Facis trophy	Rod Laver Ken Rosewall Andrés Gimeno Frank Sedgman Lew Hoad Robert Haillet Luis Ayala Alex Olmedo Mike Davies Kurt Nielsen	Winner: Laver	incomplete results	[121]
1964 Jan	Australia tour	Rod Laver Lew Hoad Mal Anderson Ashley Cooper	—	incomplete results	[122]
1964 Feb–Mar	New Zealand tour	Lew Hoad (7–5) Rod Laver (7–5) Ken Rosewall (6–6) Mal Anderson (4–8)	Hoad–Laver	3–1	[123] [124]
1964 Jul–Sep	Europe Tour	Rod Laver Lew Hoad Ken Rosewall Frank Sedgman Alex Olmedo Pancho Gonzales Andrés Gimeno Butch Buchholz Luis Ayala	—	incomplete results	[125]
1964 Jul–Oct	Facis trophy	Ken Rosewall Andrés Gimeno Frank Sedgman Lew Hoad Butch Buchholz Luis Ayala Alex Olmedo Pancho Gonzales	Winner: Rosewall	incomplete results	[126]
1964 Nov	France tour	Rod Laver Robert Haillet Andrés Gimeno Butch Buchholz	—	incomplete results	[127]
1965 Jul–Oct	Europe Tour	Rod Laver Robert Haillet Andrés Gimeno Butch Buchholz Mal Anderson Luis Ayala Mike Davies Ken Rosewall Pancho Segura Frank Sedgman	—	incomplete results	[128]
1966 Apr	Europe tour	Rod Laver Pierre Barthès Andrés Gimeno Lew Hoad	—	incomplete results	[129]
1966 Aug–Sep	Europe Tour	Rod Laver Pierre Barthès Mal Anderson Butch Buchholz	—	incomplete results	[130]
1967 Jan–Feb	Australasia tour	Rod Laver Dennis Ralston Fred Stolle Pancho Gonzales Ken Rosewall	—	incomplete results	[131]
1967 Apr	France tour	Rod Laver Dennis Ralston Fred Stolle Pierre Barthès	—	incomplete results	[132]

Notes

Jack Curley promoter.
Tilden Tennis Tours, inc.
Tilden Tennis Tours, inc.
Bill O'Brien promoter.
Split with Tilden group after openers in New York and Chicago.
Jack Harris manager.
Jack Harris manager.
Alexis Thompson manager.
C. C. Pyle promoter.
Charles B. Cochran promoter.
Jack Harris manager.
To benefit British-American Ambulance Corps.
Sponsored by United Service Organizations.
Arranged by American Lawn Tennis magazine.
Secondaries to Lenglen tour. C. C. Pyle promoter.
Charles B. Cochran promoter.
Jeff Dickson promoter.
Roman Najuch manager. Many local players including amateurs also participated.
Many local players including amateurs also participated in various one-night stands and team events.
Split from Vines group after openers in New York and Chicago.
Jack Harris manager.
See:[72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81][82]

Tournament series:

The P.P.A.T. tournaments, from where points were introduced on June 11 were: Southern Pro – Memphis; U.S. Pro Clay Court – Richmond; New England Pro – Longwood; Middle States Pro – Philadelphia Country Club;[44] U.S. Pro – Forest Hills; Cape Cod Pro; New Castle Pro; White Mountain Pro; Cotton State Pro – Birmingham; North Carolina Pro – Asheville; Pittsburgh Pro; Indianapolis Pro; Michigan Pro – Kalamazoo; Great Lakes Pro – Chicago; Oklahoma City Pro; San Francisco Pro; La Jolla Pro; U.S. Pro Hard Court.
The Ampol Open tournaments were: Melbourne – Olympic Velodrome (10 Jan); Brisbane (20 Jan); Perth (26 Jan); Sydney – Marks Athletic Field (4 Feb); Adelaide – Norwood Cricket Oval (11 Feb); L.A. Masters – L.A. Tennis Club (5 Jun); Toronto – Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (16 Jun); New York City – Forest Hills (23 Jun); Paris – Roland Garros (8 Sep); London – Wembley (19 Sep); Perth (26 Nov); Adelaide – Memorial Drive Tennis Club (1 Dec); Sydney – White City (8 Dec); Brisbane – Milton Courts (15 Dec); Melbourne – Kooyong (26 Dec).
The I.P.T.P.A. tournaments were: World Pro Indoor – College Park; U.S. Pro Indoor – White Plains; L.A. Masters RR; St. Louis Pro; Monterey Pro; Milwaukee Pro; U.S. Pro – Longwood; Cannes Pro; Noordwijk Pro; Geneva Pro; French Pro – Coubertin; Wembley Pro; Bavarian Pro – Munich; Hanover Pro; Rhodesian Pro; Johannesburg Pro; Cape Town Pro.

References

"The News and Observer". Raleigh, North Carolina. April 28, 1957. p. 21. Archived from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved June 4, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Courier-Journal". Louisville, Kentucky. January 5, 1958. p. 32. Archived from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
Troy, Jack (April 8, 1934). "Vines defeats Tilden in five sets". The Atlanta Constitution. p. 1B – via newspapers.com. Ellsworth Vines, tall, cool and resourceful had what is technically known as controlled speed as he defeated Big Bill Tilden, 4–6, 7–5, 4–6, 6–4, 6–3, in another match of the colorful series for the world's professional tennis championship [...].
"Perry to meet Vines in main singles battle". The Evening News. Harrisburg. May 11, 1937. p. 14 – via newspapers.com.
"Vines and Perry to battle here for World's Professional Tennis Championships". The Desert Sun. January 21, 1938. p. 1 – via newspapers.com.
"Tennis greats play tonight". The Atlanta Constitution. February 3, 1939. p. 21 – via newspapers.com. Don Budge, left, and Ellsworth Vines will continue their battle for the world's professional tennis championship [...].
- "Remembering Jack Kramer". tennisserver.com.
- "The Cincinnati Enquirer". Cincinnati. July 4, 1948. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
- "Daily News". New York City. October 8, 1948. p. 84. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
- "The Bellingham Herald". Bellingham, Washington. December 24, 1950. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
- "Birmingham Post-Herald". Birmingham, Alabama. June 9, 1951. p. 10. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
- "Albuquerque Journal". Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 1, 1953. p. 13. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
- "Wereldtitel tennisprofs officieus voor Gonzales" (in Dutch). Netherlands: The Daily Reporter. June 2, 1959. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021.
Collins (2010), p. 755.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 3: Tilden's Year of Triumph: 1931". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IV: Tilden and Nusslein, 1932-1933". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Collins (2010), p. 47.
"1933 World Tour". The Tennis Base.
"1934 World tour". The Tennis Base.
Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: The Early Pro Tennis Wars". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VI: Vines's Second Year: 1935". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Kieran, John (April 29, 1935). "Sports of the Times; Random Volleys Across the Net". New York Times.
"Some Highlights on Tilden Troupers". American Lawn Tennis. March 20, 1935.
Currie, George (April 15, 1935). "Tilden Troupe of Net Stars Due Here Soon". Brooklyn Daily Eagle.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VIII: Perry and Vines, 1937". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IX: Readying for Budge, 1938". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: History of the Pro Tennis Wars 1926-1945, Chapter X: Budge's Great Pro Year, 1939". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
"1941 World Tour". The Tennis Base.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XII: AMERICA, 1942". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
Don Budge: A Tennis Memoir (1969), p.145
"1949–50 World Tour". The Tennis Base.
"Newsday". Melville, New York. March 28, 1951. p. 105. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.
McCauley (2000), p. 199.
McCauley (2000), p. 212.
McCauley (2000), p. 216.
McCauley (2000), p. 219.
McCauley (2000), p. 228.
McCauley (2000), p. 41.
McCauley (2000), p. 97.
"'Little Pancho' Segura Eyes Repeat in Round Robin Tourney". The Los Angeles Times. May 31, 1959. p. 83 – via newspapers.com.
Kramer 1959 tour fall brochure. https://douglasstewart.com.au/product/jack-kramer-presents-world-championship-tennis/ "In each tournament conducted in the world series, the players are seeded according to their standings on points."
"World Tennis Championship". The Cumberland Argus. September 23, 1959. p. 5 – via Trove. The world series will wind up at Kooyong, Melbourne...
McCauley (2000), pp. 156, 255.
"American tennis tilt set at Garden tonight". The Bryan Times. UPI. May 15, 1969. p. 11.
"History of The ATP Finals". Association of Tennis Professionals. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
Philadelphia Country Club Tennis. https://www.philadelphiacc.net/club/scripts/library/view_document.asp?NS=RECREATION&DN=RACQUETSPORTS
McCauley (2000), p. 99.
Kramer Fall Tour Brochure, 1959
St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 27 April 1965.
World Tennis, December, 1964.
Bowers, Ray. "Suzanne Lenglen and the First Pro Tour". tennisserver.com. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - CH XIII - THE HIGH WAR YEARS 1943-1945". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.
Ruth, Greg (August 24, 2021). Tennis: A History from American Amateurs to Global Professionals. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-05279-8.
Perry, Douglas (February 15, 2012). "Giving 'Gorgeous Gussie' Moran her due". oregonlive. The Oregonian/OregonLive. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
Porter, David L., ed. (1995). African American Sports Greats: A Biographical Dictionary (1. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-0313289873.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 2: 1929-1930". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 3: Tilden's Year of Triumph: 1931". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IV: Tilden and Nusslein, 1932-1933". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
"History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter V by Ray Bowers". The Tennis Server. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VI: Vines's Second Year: 1935". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
"Sioux City Journal". Sioux City, Iowa. April 4, 1936. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Chattanooga Daily Times". Chattanooga, Tennessee. May 2, 1936. p. 9. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VIII: Perry and Vines, 1937". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IX: Readying for Budge, 1938". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.
Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: History of the Pro Tennis Wars 1926-1945, Chapter X: Budge's Great Pro Year, 1939". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 13, 2022.
"Tilden, Perry, Stoefen Slate Matches Here". Arizona Independent Republic. December 5, 1939. Retrieved May 17, 2015.
"Perry Beats Tilden in Five–Set Match". The Times. San Mateo, California. January 18, 1940. Retrieved May 17, 2015.
Collins (2010), p. 43.
"The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 10, 1947. p. 26. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Washington Evening Star". Washington, D.C. April 12, 1947. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023 – via Chronicling America.
"The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 15, 1947. p. 28. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Shreveport Journal". Shreveport, Louisiana. April 16, 1947. p. 15. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Journal". Meriden, Connecticut. April 17, 1947. p. 6. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 18, 1947. p. 32. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Pittsburgh Press". Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. April 20, 1947. p. 27. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Green Bay Press-Gazette". Green Bay, Wisconsin. May 9, 1947. p. 13. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved June 7, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Baltimore Sun". Baltimore, Maryland. May 12, 1947. p. 18. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Waukesha Daily Freeman". Waukesha, Wisconsin. May 14, 1947. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.
Jones Memorial Library at Lynchburg regarding the result of the match at Lynchburg on 2 September 1947 (the deciding match of the series was played at Lynchburg months after the original series, which was tied at 5–5). "Kovacs defeated Riggs 6–2,7–5,10–8...The rangy Californian proved too much for Riggs, who was run ragged trying to return a devastating series of well-placed backhand shots and cannonball serves."
"1948 South America Tour". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 194.
McCauley (2000), p. 196.
"1951 South America tour". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 200.
McCauley (2000), p. 201.
Manila Times, 19 October 1954.
McCauley (2000), p. 202.
McCauley (2000), p. 203.
McCauley (2000), p. 204.
McCauley (2000), p. 205.
"South America tour 1957". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 207.
"South Africa tour 1957". The Tennis Base.
"The News Tribune". Tacoma, Washington. December 22, 1957. p. 23. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved June 4, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"1957 Australian Tour". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 209.
McCauley (2000), p. 210.
"1958 Asia tour". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 211.
Tennis Base, 1959 Australian tour
Collins (2010), p. 95.
Collins (2010), p. 97.
Collins (2010), p. 99.
Collins (2010), p. 101.
McCauley (2000), p. 220.
McCauley (2000), pp. 220–221.
Vera McWeeny (September 16, 1961). "Vera McWeeney on Tennis". Irish Independent. p. 18 – via Irish Newspaper Archives.
"Lew Hoad Wins at St Annes". Lytham Evening Gazette. September 11, 1961.
"1962 New Zealand Tour". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 224.
La Vanguardia 31 August 1963. http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1963/06/06/pagina-23/32667443/pdf.html?search=copa%20tenis%20profesional
McCauley (2000), p. 225.
"Europe tour 1962". The Tennis Base.
Collins (2010), p. 227.
"Lew Hoad vs Rod Laver Head 2 Head". thetennisbase.com. Tennis Base. Retrieved June 14, 2019.
World Tennis, The Amateurs and the Pros by Lew Hoad, August 1964
"Europe tour 1963". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 230.
"Australia tour 1964". The Tennis Base.
Collins (2010), p. 231.
New Zealand Herald, 29 February, March 1964 / Christchurch Star, 16 March 1964
"Europe tour 1964". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 234.
"France tour 1964". The Tennis Base.
"Europe tour 1965". The Tennis Base.
"Europe tour 1966". The Tennis Base.
"Europe tour 1966 2". The Tennis Base.
McCauley (2000), p. 245.
McCauley (2000), p. 246.

Bibliography

McCauley, Joe (2000). The History of Professional Tennis. Windsor: The Short Run Book Company Limited.
Collins, Bud (2010). The Bud Collins History of Tennis (2nd ed.). New York: New Chapter Press. ISBN 978-0942257700.
Jordan, Chris (2019). The Professional Tennis Archive. ASIN B09FZKBBZQ.

External links

History of the Pro Tennis Wars, by Ray Bowers:

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[10] Jack Curley promoter.

[12] Tilden Tennis Tours, inc.

[15] Tilden Tennis Tours, inc.

[19] Bill O'Brien promoter.

[24] Split with Tilden group after openers in New York and Chicago.

[27] Jack Harris manager.

[30] Jack Harris manager.

[33] Alexis Thompson manager.

[60] C. C. Pyle promoter.

[62] Charles B. Cochran promoter.

[65] Jack Harris manager.

[67] To benefit British-American Ambulance Corps.

[69] Sponsored by United Service Organizations.

[70] Arranged by American Lawn Tennis magazine.

[74] Secondaries to Lenglen tour. C. C. Pyle promoter.

[75] Charles B. Cochran promoter.

[79] Jeff Dickson promoter.

[80] Roman Najuch manager. Many local players including amateurs also participated.

[82] Many local players including amateurs also participated in various one-night stands and team events.

[85] Split from Vines group after openers in New York and Chicago.

[91] Jack Harris manager.

[107] See:[72] [73] [74] [75] [76] [77] [78] [79] [80] [81][82]

[1946tour-53] The P.P.A.T. tournaments, from where points were introduced on June 11 were: Southern Pro – Memphis; U.S. Pro Clay Court – Richmond; New England Pro – Longwood; Middle States Pro – Philadelphia Country Club;[44] U.S. Pro – Forest Hills; Cape Cod Pro; New Castle Pro; White Mountain Pro; Cotton State Pro – Birmingham; North Carolina Pro – Asheville; Pittsburgh Pro; Indianapolis Pro; Michigan Pro – Kalamazoo; Great Lakes Pro – Chicago; Oklahoma City Pro; San Francisco Pro; La Jolla Pro; U.S. Pro Hard Court.

[kramertour-55] The Ampol Open tournaments were: Melbourne – Olympic Velodrome (10 Jan); Brisbane (20 Jan); Perth (26 Jan); Sydney – Marks Athletic Field (4 Feb); Adelaide – Norwood Cricket Oval (11 Feb); L.A. Masters – L.A. Tennis Club (5 Jun); Toronto – Toronto Lawn Tennis Club (16 Jun); New York City – Forest Hills (23 Jun); Paris – Roland Garros (8 Sep); London – Wembley (19 Sep); Perth (26 Nov); Adelaide – Memorial Drive Tennis Club (1 Dec); Sydney – White City (8 Dec); Brisbane – Milton Courts (15 Dec); Melbourne – Kooyong (26 Dec).

[1964tour-57] The I.P.T.P.A. tournaments were: World Pro Indoor – College Park; U.S. Pro Indoor – White Plains; L.A. Masters RR; St. Louis Pro; Monterey Pro; Milwaukee Pro; U.S. Pro – Longwood; Cannes Pro; Noordwijk Pro; Geneva Pro; French Pro – Coubertin; Wembley Pro; Bavarian Pro – Munich; Hanover Pro; Rhodesian Pro; Johannesburg Pro; Cape Town Pro.

[1] "The News and Observer". Raleigh, North Carolina. April 28, 1957. p. 21. Archived from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved June 4, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[2] "The Courier-Journal". Louisville, Kentucky. January 5, 1958. p. 32. Archived from the original on April 8, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[3] Troy, Jack (April 8, 1934). "Vines defeats Tilden in five sets". The Atlanta Constitution. p. 1B – via newspapers.com. Ellsworth Vines, tall, cool and resourceful had what is technically known as controlled speed as he defeated Big Bill Tilden, 4–6, 7–5, 4–6, 6–4, 6–3, in another match of the colorful series for the world's professional tennis championship [...].

[4] "Perry to meet Vines in main singles battle". The Evening News. Harrisburg. May 11, 1937. p. 14 – via newspapers.com.

[5] "Vines and Perry to battle here for World's Professional Tennis Championships". The Desert Sun. January 21, 1938. p. 1 – via newspapers.com.

[6] "Tennis greats play tonight". The Atlanta Constitution. February 3, 1939. p. 21 – via newspapers.com. Don Budge, left, and Ellsworth Vines will continue their battle for the world's professional tennis championship [...].

[7] "Remembering Jack Kramer". tennisserver.com.
"The Cincinnati Enquirer". Cincinnati. July 4, 1948. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Daily News". New York City. October 8, 1948. p. 84. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"The Bellingham Herald". Bellingham, Washington. December 24, 1950. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Birmingham Post-Herald". Birmingham, Alabama. June 9, 1951. p. 10. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Albuquerque Journal". Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 1, 1953. p. 13. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.
"Wereldtitel tennisprofs officieus voor Gonzales" (in Dutch). Netherlands: The Daily Reporter. June 2, 1959. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021.

[33] "Remembering Jack Kramer". tennisserver.com.

[34] "The Cincinnati Enquirer". Cincinnati. July 4, 1948. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[35] "Daily News". New York City. October 8, 1948. p. 84. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[36] "The Bellingham Herald". Bellingham, Washington. December 24, 1950. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[37] "Birmingham Post-Herald". Birmingham, Alabama. June 9, 1951. p. 10. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[38] "Albuquerque Journal". Albuquerque, New Mexico. June 1, 1953. p. 13. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 13, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[39] "Wereldtitel tennisprofs officieus voor Gonzales" (in Dutch). Netherlands: The Daily Reporter. June 2, 1959. Archived from the original on May 26, 2021.

[FOOTNOTECollins2010755-8] Collins (2010), p. 755.

[:04-9] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:13-11] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 3: Tilden's Year of Triumph: 1931". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:23-13] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IV: Tilden and Nusslein, 1932-1933". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[FOOTNOTECollins201047-14] Collins (2010), p. 47.

[16] "1933 World Tour". The Tennis Base.

[17] "1934 World tour". The Tennis Base.

[18] Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: The Early Pro Tennis Wars". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:53-20] Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VI: Vines's Second Year: 1935". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[21] Kieran, John (April 29, 1935). "Sports of the Times; Random Volleys Across the Net". New York Times.

[22] "Some Highlights on Tilden Troupers". American Lawn Tennis. March 20, 1935.

[23] Currie, George (April 15, 1935). "Tilden Troupe of Net Stars Due Here Soon". Brooklyn Daily Eagle.

[:64-25] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:73-26] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VIII: Perry and Vines, 1937". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:83-28] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IX: Readying for Budge, 1938". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:34-29] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: History of the Pro Tennis Wars 1926-1945, Chapter X: Budge's Great Pro Year, 1939". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 13, 2022.

[31] "1941 World Tour". The Tennis Base.

[32] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.

[:92-34] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.

[:0-35] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XII: AMERICA, 1942". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.

[36] Don Budge: A Tennis Memoir (1969), p.145

[37] "1949–50 World Tour". The Tennis Base.

[38] "Newsday". Melville, New York. March 28, 1951. p. 105. Archived from the original on April 14, 2022. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000199-39] McCauley (2000), p. 199.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000212-40] McCauley (2000), p. 212.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000216-41] McCauley (2000), p. 216.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000219-42] McCauley (2000), p. 219.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000228-43] McCauley (2000), p. 228.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley200041-44] McCauley (2000), p. 41.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley200097-45] McCauley (2000), p. 97.

[latimes-46] "'Little Pancho' Segura Eyes Repeat in Round Robin Tourney". The Los Angeles Times. May 31, 1959. p. 83 – via newspapers.com.

[47] Kramer 1959 tour fall brochure. https://douglasstewart.com.au/product/jack-kramer-presents-world-championship-tennis/ "In each tournament conducted in the world series, the players are seeded according to their standings on points."

[argus19590923-48] "World Tennis Championship". The Cumberland Argus. September 23, 1959. p. 5 – via Trove. The world series will wind up at Kooyong, Melbourne...

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000156,_255-49] McCauley (2000), pp. 156, 255.

[50] "American tennis tilt set at Garden tonight". The Bryan Times. UPI. May 15, 1969. p. 11.

[51] "History of The ATP Finals". Association of Tennis Professionals. Retrieved May 3, 2022.

[52] Philadelphia Country Club Tennis. https://www.philadelphiacc.net/club/scripts/library/view_document.asp?NS=RECREATION&DN=RACQUETSPORTS

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley200099-54] McCauley (2000), p. 99.

[56] Kramer Fall Tour Brochure, 1959

[58] St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 27 April 1965.

[59] World Tennis, December, 1964.

[:36-61] Bowers, Ray. "Suzanne Lenglen and the First Pro Tour". tennisserver.com. Retrieved March 17, 2022.

[:05-63] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:65-64] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[66] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - Chapter XI: AMERICA, 1940-1941". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.

[:14-68] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: A History of Pro Tennis 1926-1945 - CH XIII - THE HIGH WAR YEARS 1943-1945". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 14, 2022.

[71] Ruth, Greg (August 24, 2021). Tennis: A History from American Amateurs to Global Professionals. University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-05279-8.

[72] Perry, Douglas (February 15, 2012). "Giving 'Gorgeous Gussie' Moran her due". oregonlive. The Oregonian/OregonLive. Retrieved March 17, 2022.

[73] Porter, David L., ed. (1995). African American Sports Greats: A Biographical Dictionary (1. ed.). Westport, Conn. [u.a.]: Greenwood Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-0313289873.

[:06-76] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 1: 1927-1928". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:42-77] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 2, part 2: 1929-1930". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:15-78] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter 3: Tilden's Year of Triumph: 1931". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:24-81] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IV: Tilden and Nusslein, 1932-1933". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[Bowers_chapter52-83] "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter V by Ray Bowers". The Tennis Server. Retrieved February 11, 2018.

[:54-84] Bowers, Ray. "Forgotten Victories: History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VI: Vines's Second Year: 1935". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[86] "Sioux City Journal". Sioux City, Iowa. April 4, 1936. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 5, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[87] "Chattanooga Daily Times". Chattanooga, Tennessee. May 2, 1936. p. 9. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[:66-88] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VII: Awaiting Perry, 1936". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:74-89] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter VIII: Perry and Vines, 1937". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[:84-90] Bowers, Ray. "History of the Pro Tennis Wars, Chapter IX: Readying for Budge, 1938". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 12, 2022.

[92] Bowers, Ray. "FORGOTTEN VICTORIES: History of the Pro Tennis Wars 1926-1945, Chapter X: Budge's Great Pro Year, 1939". tennisserver.com. Retrieved April 13, 2022.

[93] "Tilden, Perry, Stoefen Slate Matches Here". Arizona Independent Republic. December 5, 1939. Retrieved May 17, 2015.

[94] "Perry Beats Tilden in Five–Set Match". The Times. San Mateo, California. January 18, 1940. Retrieved May 17, 2015.

[FOOTNOTECollins201043-95] Collins (2010), p. 43.

[96] "The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 10, 1947. p. 26. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[97] "The Washington Evening Star". Washington, D.C. April 12, 1947. p. 11. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023 – via Chronicling America.

[98] "The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 15, 1947. p. 28. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[99] "The Shreveport Journal". Shreveport, Louisiana. April 16, 1947. p. 15. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[100] "The Journal". Meriden, Connecticut. April 17, 1947. p. 6. Archived from the original on October 25, 2021. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[101] "The Philadelphia Inquirer". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. April 18, 1947. p. 32. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[102] "The Pittsburgh Press". Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. April 20, 1947. p. 27. Archived from the original on June 4, 2023. Retrieved June 11, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[103] "Green Bay Press-Gazette". Green Bay, Wisconsin. May 9, 1947. p. 13. Archived from the original on April 21, 2022. Retrieved June 7, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[104] "The Baltimore Sun". Baltimore, Maryland. May 12, 1947. p. 18. Archived from the original on October 27, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[105] "Waukesha Daily Freeman". Waukesha, Wisconsin. May 14, 1947. p. 3. Archived from the original on October 28, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[106] Jones Memorial Library at Lynchburg regarding the result of the match at Lynchburg on 2 September 1947 (the deciding match of the series was played at Lynchburg months after the original series, which was tied at 5–5). "Kovacs defeated Riggs 6–2,7–5,10–8...The rangy Californian proved too much for Riggs, who was run ragged trying to return a devastating series of well-placed backhand shots and cannonball serves."

[108] "1948 South America Tour". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000194-109] McCauley (2000), p. 194.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000196-110] McCauley (2000), p. 196.

[111] "1951 South America tour". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000200-112] McCauley (2000), p. 200.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000201-113] McCauley (2000), p. 201.

[114] Manila Times, 19 October 1954.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000202-115] McCauley (2000), p. 202.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000203-116] McCauley (2000), p. 203.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000204-117] McCauley (2000), p. 204.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000205-118] McCauley (2000), p. 205.

[119] "South America tour 1957". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000207-120] McCauley (2000), p. 207.

[121] "South Africa tour 1957". The Tennis Base.

[122] "The News Tribune". Tacoma, Washington. December 22, 1957. p. 23. Archived from the original on April 15, 2022. Retrieved June 4, 2023 – via Newspapers.

[123] "1957 Australian Tour". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000209-124] McCauley (2000), p. 209.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000210-125] McCauley (2000), p. 210.

[126] "1958 Asia tour". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000211-127] McCauley (2000), p. 211.

[128] Tennis Base, 1959 Australian tour

[FOOTNOTECollins201095-129] Collins (2010), p. 95.

[FOOTNOTECollins201097-130] Collins (2010), p. 97.

[FOOTNOTECollins201099-131] Collins (2010), p. 99.

[FOOTNOTECollins2010101-132] Collins (2010), p. 101.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000220-133] McCauley (2000), p. 220.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000220–221-134] McCauley (2000), pp. 220–221.

[135] Vera McWeeny (September 16, 1961). "Vera McWeeney on Tennis". Irish Independent. p. 18 – via Irish Newspaper Archives.

[136] "Lew Hoad Wins at St Annes". Lytham Evening Gazette. September 11, 1961.

[137] "1962 New Zealand Tour". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000224-138] McCauley (2000), p. 224.

[hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com-139] La Vanguardia 31 August 1963. http://hemeroteca.lavanguardia.com/preview/1963/06/06/pagina-23/32667443/pdf.html?search=copa%20tenis%20profesional

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000225-140] McCauley (2000), p. 225.

[141] "Europe tour 1962". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTECollins2010227-142] Collins (2010), p. 227.

[143] "Lew Hoad vs Rod Laver Head 2 Head". thetennisbase.com. Tennis Base. Retrieved June 14, 2019.

[144] World Tennis, The Amateurs and the Pros by Lew Hoad, August 1964

[145] "Europe tour 1963". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000230-146] McCauley (2000), p. 230.

[147] "Australia tour 1964". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTECollins2010231-148] Collins (2010), p. 231.

[149] New Zealand Herald, 29 February, March 1964 / Christchurch Star, 16 March 1964

[150] "Europe tour 1964". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000234-151] McCauley (2000), p. 234.

[152] "France tour 1964". The Tennis Base.

[153] "Europe tour 1965". The Tennis Base.

[154] "Europe tour 1966". The Tennis Base.

[155] "Europe tour 1966 2". The Tennis Base.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000245-156] McCauley (2000), p. 245.

[FOOTNOTEMcCauley2000246-157] McCauley (2000), p. 246.

Tennis pro tours and tournament ranking series

World Championship tours

Winners

Tournament ranking series

Winners

Other professional tours

Women

Men

See also

Notes

References

Bibliography

External links