Thma Puok district

Thma Puok (Khmer: ស្រុកថ្មពួក, "Crumbled Stone") is a district (Srok) in the north of Banteay Meanchey province, in north-western Cambodia. The district capital is Thma Puok town located around 42 kilometres north of the provincial capital of Sisophon by road. The district shares a border with Thailand to the west and Oddar Meanchey province to the north east. No national highway runs through the district but national road 56 from Sisophon to Samraong in Oddar Meanchey province crosses the district from north to south. The district is home to the large temple complex of Banteay Chhmar. The temple was built in the late 12th or early 13th century by Jayavarman VII and is a modest tourist destination.[1]

Thma Puok
ស្រុកថ្មពួក
District (srok)
Part of the Banteay Chhmar site
Part of the Banteay Chhmar site
Map showing the location of the district within Banteay Meanchey Province.
Map showing the location of the district within Banteay Meanchey Province.
Thma Puok is located in Cambodia
Thma Puok
Thma Puok
Location in Cambodia
Coordinates: 13°45′N 103°0′E
Country Cambodia
ProvinceBanteay Meanchey
Communes6
Villages62
Population
 (2008)
 • Total61,189
Time zone+7
Geocode0107

The district is easily accessed by road from Sisophon (42 km), Battambang (city) (110 km), Siem Reap (city) (144 km) and Samraong (71 km). Thma Puok district is the largest districts in Banteay Meanchey province by land area but has a relatively small population due to its isolation. Large parts of the district, especially in the north west towards Thailand, are largely unpopulated. There is one official border crossing with Thailand in Kouk Romiet commune. One provincial road begins at the border and runs south east through the district to an intersection at Sarongk in Svay Chek district. Another provincial road runs north from Banteay Chmar commune on National Road 56 to Banteay Ampil district in Oddar Meanchey province. Numerous smaller roads also run to the Thai border in the north western part of the district.[2]

Banteay Chhmar

Thma Puok is home to the gigantic temple complex of Banteay Chhmar. The temple was commissioned in the 12th Century by Jayavarman VII in honour of four army generals and his son, the Crown Prince Indravarman.[3] The temple complex covers over 500,000 feet (46,500 square meters) and due to its remote location near the Thai border has been a target of significant looting since the 1980s. In the past looters have dismantled entire walls of the temple to remove the carvings and bas reliefs. These treasures are then sold in the illegal antiquities black market.[4]

Location

Thma Puok district lies in the far north of the province and shares a border with Sa Kaeo province of Thailand. Reading from the north clockwise, Thma Puok borders with Amphoe Ta Phraya of Thailand to the north west and Banteay Ampil district of Oddar Meanchey to the north east. The eastern border of the district is shared with Phnom Srok district. To the south, the district shares a border with Svay Chek district. The western border of the district also joins with Ta Phraya district of Sa Kaeo province in Thailand.[5]

Administration

The Thma Puok district governor reports to Oung Ouen, the Governor of Banteay Meanchey. The following table shows the villages of Thma Puok district by commune.[6]

Khum (commune)Phum (villages)
Banteay ChhmarKouk Samraong, Kbal Tonsaong, Banteay Chhmar Cheung, Kbal Krabei, Banteay Chhmar Tboung, Banteay Chhmar Lech, Thma Daekkeh, Thlok, Kouk Samraong Kaeut, Kouk Samraong Lech, Srah Chrey, Dang Raek, Prasat Tbaeng, Prey Sangha, Trapeang Thlok
Kouk RomietKouk Prech, Srae L'a, Kouk Romiet, Sdau, Thmei, Ta Lei, Sereika, Ta Song, Trapeang Samraong, Thnal Bambaek, Thma Chhatr, Voa Preng, Pram Minea, Sameakki, Banteay Mean Rit, Spean, Kandaol, Kdeb Thma, Boeng Ta Srei, Boeng Sokram, Ta Mang
Phum ThmeiKab Chaor, Kouk Svay, Rolum Chrey, Thmei Khang Lech, Thmei Kandal, Thmei Khang Tboung, Totea
Thma PuokThma Puok, Neak Ta, Voat Chas, Kasen, Svay, Thnal Dach, Anlong Trach
Kouk KakthenDeu, Sdau, Treas, Kouk Kakthen, Ta Siev, Chonleas Dai, Ta Trai, Preah Chhor, Kouk Khpos
KumruAndoung Khlong, Kumru, Ta Yueng, Aekakpheap, Phsar Thmei, Svay Chrum, Prey Veng

Demographics

The district is subdivided into 6 communes (khum) and 62 villages (phum).[7] According to the 1998 Census, the population of the district was 53,536 persons in 10,860 households in 1998. This population consisted of 26,591 males (49.7%) and 26,945 females (50.3%). With a population of around 50,000 people, Thma Puok has one of the smaller district populations in Banteay Meanchey province. The average household size in Thma Puok is 4.9 persons per household, which is slightly smaller than the rural average for Cambodia (5.2 persons). The sex ratio in the district is 98.7%, with similar numbers of females and males.[8]

References
  1. Total Road Atlas of Cambodia 2006 (3rd ed.). Total Cambodge. 2006. p. 32.
  2. Cambodia Road Network (Version 03-00 ed.). Ministry of Public Works and Transport. 2001.
  3. "Banteay Chhmar, Cambodia". Global Heritage Fund. 2008. Archived from the original on February 7, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
  4. Preston, Douglas (August 2000). "The Temples of Angkor: Still Under Attack". National Geographic. Retrieved 2009-03-29.
  5. "Banteay Meanchey Provincial Resources". Ministry of Commerce. Archived from the original on January 5, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  6. "Cambodia Gazetteer Database Online". Cambodia NCDD Databases. National Committee for Sub-National Democratic Development (NCDD). 2019. Retrieved 2020-04-09.
  7. "Banteay Meanchey Administration". Royal Government of Cambodia. Archived from the original on 2008-12-24. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
  8. General Population Census of Cambodia, 1998: Village Gazetteer. National Institute of Statistics. February 2000. pp. 1–15.
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