Thomas Thursby

Thomas Thursby (died 9 August 1510[1]), was a merchant, three times Mayor of King's Lynn and the founder and benefactor of Thoresby College. He was the son of Henry Thursby, four times Mayor of Lynn and Burgess for Lynn,[1] in turn son of John Thursby, Mayor of Lynn Regis 1425[2] and Deputy-Mayor 1435.[1] Thomas' brother, Robert Thursby, was Burgess for Lynn 1462–3, 1482–3 and 1487, holding the manors of Ashwicken and Burg's Hall in Hillington before his death, 29 October 1500.

Agnus Dei

In his will he leaves 'my special good lord of Oxenford', John de Vere, 13th Earl of Oxford, a tabernacle of our Lady of gold.[1][3]

At the time of his death, he was married to Elizabeth (d.1518[4]), the widow of Robert Aylmer (d.1493[5]) Mayor of Norwich.[6]

Elizabeth is not the daughter of John Burgoyne who in the Visitations of Cambridgeshire marries 'Thomas Thorseby of Norfolk', as that Elizabeth is still alive and apparently a wife in 1528, when she receives an inheritance from her mother Margaret.[7] Elizabeth Burgoyne is probably the Isabel, late the wife of Thomas Thursby, who is involved in a suit in 1532–38.[8] Isabel and Elizabeth were considered the same name in the period.

It is probably this couple, her husband's grand-nephew and his wife, Elizabeth refers to in her will, in which she gives Thomas Thursby a silver and gilt Agnus Dei with holy wax therein, and to his wife a silver and gilt image of our lady.[4]

One possibility is that Elizabeth is the daughter of the Sir William Knyvett with whom she was involved in a suit seemingly shortly after the death of her first husband in 1493.[9] He had two daughters named Elizabeth, one from each of his two first wives. The youngest is likely the one who also died in 1518, while in the household of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham, as the Duke refers to her as 'my cousin'.[10][11] The two were related through her mother, Lady Joan Stafford. Sir William was known to show favouritism towards the children of his second marriage at the expense of those of his first.[12][13]

Francis Blomefield saw a north isle window in St. Laurence's Church, Norwich, commemorating Elizabeth's three husbands, bearing the inscription:[6]

Orate pro bono statu Thome Thirsby, et Eliz. Ur. et pro aiab: Johis: et Rob. Aylmer quondam maiorum Civitatis Norwici

Name confusion

There were four Thomas Thursbys in the same geographical area in the same time period, which has through the centuries made unambiguous identification challenging. These were in addition to this Thomas Thursby (d.1510), his son by the same name (d.1543), his grand-nephew Thomas Thursby (1498[14]–1532[15]) and his son a great-grand-nephew Thomas Thursby of Bocking (d.1541[16]).

Controversy

The confusion between which Thomas Thursby is which attains some degree of seriousness because one of them was a rather sinister character.

The Lowestoft Archaeological and Local History Society sums it up thus:

Farming practices. Partly as a result of falls in population and partly in response to the demand for wool, there was a change from the traditional three-field system, which required a lot of labour, to grazing sheep. Richard gave several examples of “flockmasters”. These were men who bought up land that had once been open arable fields and converted it into enclosed sheep pasture. Thomas Thursby (1450-1510) was one of the most well documented as he was mayor of King's Lynn several times, also Lord of the Manor of Gayton and an ancestor of Prince William through the Spencer family. Others were Henry Fermur in Thorpland, William Day in Alethorpe, Edmund Jermyn in Sturston, and William Fermur (son of Sir Henry) in Pudding Norton. The behaviour of these, and others like them, towards the landless peasants was often very poor and one of the main causes leading to Robert Kett's rebellion in 1549.[17]

This same person was responsible for the disappearance of the medieval villages of Holt[18] and Cecily Aylmer's Myntlynge, Mintlyn. The landlord Thomas Thursby was accused of appropriating most of the common land for himself, by enclosing it and converting it to pasture for his sheep, and of evicting tenants from their homes before demolishing them.

Many sources, like the above one does, today identify him with the Thomas Thursby who was Mayor of King's Lynn in 1502 and died in 1510.

M.J. Medlar, however, in The Gaywood River Valley in the Post-Medieval Period writes:

Nationally, especially in the Midlands, there was a trend for large landowners of small communities to depopulate the villages and convert the arable to enclosed pasture for large flocks of sheep. Sheep farming, relying on only a few shepherds, was much cheaper to operate than arable farming, and the late fifteenth century was a prosperous time for the wool and cloth trade of England. Norfolk landowners also followed this pattern - the most famous being the Townshends of Raynham and the Fermors of East Barsham, who owned huge flocks in the Fakenham area. In an inquiry of 1517, Thomas Thursby, lord of the manor of Gayton, was accused of enclosing arable lands in Ashwicken, Leizate and Bawsey, as well as depopulating the hamlet of Holt in the parish of Mintlyn. Frequently, only one farm in a parish survived this type of enclosure, and this appears to be what happened in Bawsey, Ashwicken and Leizate. A map of about 1690 shows there were still approximately ten houses in Mintlyn, and even the modern Ordnance Survey maps record Mintlyn Farm close to the ruined church, and White House Farm near a moated site in the south-east of the parish[19]

Since this inquest took place in 1517,[20] they would have had some difficulty in summoning the Thomas Thursby who died in 1510. As for the encloser, there is some definite proof as to who this character was:

Thoresby, dead by the time the complaint was made, had enclosed eight years before, that is in 1540, a year after Lynn Priory was dissolved. Depositions were taken on 25 April 1549 before Sir Nicholas Lestrange, Sir Thomas Hollys, Edward Beawpre and John Dethyk.[21]

This points to his son, Thomas Thursby, who died in 1543, and variously inherited, owned and bought the above-mentioned properties which were raized.

Last will and testament

The will of Thomas Thursby, Burgess and Merchant of Lynn Bishop, Norfolk, was dated 3 May 1510, sealed 2 June 1510 and proven 23 October 1510.[22][3]

In it, he desires burial in St. Margaret's Church of Lynne, next to his father's tomb:[1]

my body to be buried in the holy burial at the north end of our Ladies altar, which I caused to be made adjoining to the place where my father lyeth buried in the Church of Saint Margaret, of Lynne, aforesaid.  Item: I will that there be made a tomb of marble over the same place where I shall lie, at the end of the said altar, by the discretion of my executors.  Item: I bequeath to the high altar of the same Church of Saint Margaret, for my tithes negligently forgotten in my life £6 13s. 4d[3]

He died on 9 August 1510.[1]

His executors were his son, Thomas Thursby, his sons-in-law Francis Mountford, Thomas Guybon and William Trewe, his step-son Richard Aylmer and his nephew John Fincham of Welle.[3][22]

Children

In his will, he mentions the following children:

According to Miscellanea genealogica Thomas Thursby was married several times, so there is some uncertainty as to who the mother of his children was.[1] If the birth date given for his son of the same name, 1487,[1] is correct, he cannot possibly be the son of Elizabeth, as she was still the wife of Robert Aylmer (d.1493) then.

Other family
Agnus Dei

Thomas Thursby (d.1510) had a brother, Robert Thursby, whose son, Henry Thursby (1476–1506) married Ellen (b.1477), daughter and coheir of Thomas Fotheringhay and niece and coheiress of John Doreward.[14] They had two sons, Thomas Thursby (1498[14]–1532[15]) and Henry.[14] This Thomas Thursby married Elizabeth or Isabel, daughter of John Burgoyne, and had a son also named Thomas Thursby of Bocking (d.1541[29]), who at his death left behind a small son called Edward.[30][31][32][29] This other branch migrated to Essex, as a result of an inheritance from Ellen Fotheringhay's Doreward relatives.[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][30][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48]

The Thomas Thursby his widow Elizabeth leaves a silver and gilt Agnus Dei with holy wax therein, and to his wife a silver and gilt image of our lady in 1518,[4] was probably his great-grandnephew Thomas Thursby (1498–1532) and his wife Elizabeth Burgoyne. The two were married by 1509.[49]

References
  1. Bannerman, W. Bruce (William Bruce) (1906). "Thoresby of Lynn". Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica. London, England : Mitchell, Hughes & Clarke. 4 (series 4): 138–140.
  2. Burke, John (1833). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland. H. Colburn.
  3. Eller, George (1861). Memorials: Archaeological and Ecclesiastical of the West Winch Manors from the Earliest Ages to the Present Period. Thew & Son. pp. 133–140.
  4. "CatalogueRef: NCC will register Gylys 97. Title: Thursby, Elizabeth, widow, 'Robert Aylmer late my husbond', of Norwich. Date: 1518. Description: Will. Level: Item. Repository: Norfolk Record Office". Published by FamilySearch here. In the name of god Amen the xiij daye the monyth of Decemb In the yere of o[u]r lord god yt ccccc xlljth I Elizabeth Thursby of norwiche widow in my good mynde and hole Remembrance beyng (laudyd be god) at norwiche make this my testament and last wyll in this wyse ffirst I comend my soule to allmythi god and too o[u]r blessed lady Sancte Marie and mother to criste Jhu. Sancte Laurance myn advoyz and to Sancte Andrew and to all the holy sanctes in hevyn and my body for to be burid in the churche of Sancte Andrew in norwiche by the sepultcre of Robert Aylmer late my husband whos hey altar ther I bequethe xxs [20 shillings] I bequethe to the Reparacons and admedment[? amendment?] of the sayd churche x marcs It[e]m I will have a wexe [wax] candyll of a pownde to beurne[? burn] dayly upon my grave by the space of one hole yere nexte after my decesse. And in the myghtys within the same yere I wyll have a lampe brennyng duryng the sayd yere And I geve and bequethe to hym that shall kepe and give attendance to the same hyghtes eny quarter viijd [eight pence] duryng the yere aforesayd, It[e]m I bequethe to the sayd churche of Sancte andrew my best wreten masse bok and my best chales gylte It[e]m I bequethe to the hey altar of the churche of Sancte Laurance in norwiche xxs [20 shillings] and to the Reparacon of the same churche v marcs A vestment to the value of xxs [20 shillings] and my nexte best chales gilte It[e]m I will thatt myn executores ffynde a seculer preist to syng and pray for my Sowlle my husbands Sowlles Robert John and Thomas, my childers Sowlles Richard Thomas and Cecyly my frends and benefactors Sowlles within the churche of Sancte Andrew aforesayd by the space of viij yeres nexte after my deceasse takyng eny yere to his wayges viij marcs [eight marks] It[e]m I wyll thatt myn executores shall ffynde a nothis [an honest?] Secular preiste to syng and praye for my Sowlle and for the Sowlles aforesayd within the churche of Sancte Laurance aforesayd by the space of ij yeer nexte after my deceasse It[e]m I bequethe to the churche of Sancte George of Colegate my wreten Sawter and xxs [20 shillings], It I bequethe to the Reparacons of thes churches folowyng that is too say Sancte Martens att the parish gate, Sancte Cruxes [Holy Cross], Sancte John of Madermarket and Sancte Peter of Mancrofte to iche of them xxs [20 shillings], It[e]m I will thatt myn executores shall kepe my dirige and messe solemnly amyt in the weke in the churche of Sancte Andrew with v. seculer pristes ij ffryers preist beyng ther p[re]sent both att dirige and messe takyng iche of them for ther labor iiijd [four pence] It[e]m to ij p[a]r[i]she clerks beyng ther pres[e]nt att dirige and masse to iche of them ijd [two pence] It[e]m to the clerke and sexten of the same churche of Sancte Andrew for ther labor and attendance in tollyng of the belles att ij att the clokke att after none to the dirige and for tollyng of the belle the nexte day att ix of the clokke to masse I bequethe to iche of them for ther labor and attendance iijd [three pence], It[e]m I will have ij children att the sayd dirige and messe in ther Sirplesses [surplices] to syng versicules I bequethe to iche of them jd [one pence], It[e]m I wyll have xij poremen and women att the sayd diriges and masses to pray for my Sowlle and for the Sowlles Aforesayd duryng the terme of the same diriges and messes and I bequethe to iche of them for ther labors jd [one pence] It[e]m I will thatt oon person in the stede of myn executor shall offer att eny masse so keppe in the honor and worchippe of the blessyd trinite for my Sowlle and the Sowlles Aforesayd iijd [three pence], It[e]m I bequethe to the curate in the sayd churche for the fondyng of the hyghtis ther for eny day att dirige and masse iiijd [four pence] It[e]m I will thatt my hyghtis whiche I have ordenyd for the said dirige and messe be continewyd att my coste and charge, It[e]m I bequethe to hym thatt shall warne the preistes clerks and pore folke to be present att the diriges and messes as is aforesayd for eny day for his labor iiijd [four pence] It[e]m I will that thes diriges and messes shalbe continewyd wekly as I have be [...] and as itt ys aforesayd wekly the fyrst day of September nexte after the date hereof It[e]m I bequethe to dame Elizabeth canf my goddoughter beyng a nune in blakburyh abbey [Blackborough Priory] xxs [20 shillings], It[e]m too Anne Canf xs [10 shillings], Item I bequethe to the p^ri^orisse of carrow xijd [12 pence] and to eny othere nune there iiijd [four pence], It[e]m I bequethe to iche anker [anchorite] and ankerisse [anchoress] in norwiche viijd [eight pence] It[e]m I bequethe to the presoners in the castell and in the Guyldhall of norwiche att the day of my buryall to iche of them in mete and money ijd [two pence], It[e]m I bequethe to iche person beyng a Lazar dwellyng att the Lazar houses att the w. gates of norwiche ijd [two pence], It[e]m I bequethe to the Sisters of normans within norwiche iiijd [four pence] It[e]m I bequethe to the churche of Sancte Clement in London where my Sonne Thomas Aylmer light buryd xxs [20 shillings] It[e]m I bequethe to the Reparacons of the of the churche of Sancte Margaret in Leun [Lynn] xxs [twenty shillings], It[e]m I bequethe to danne [See: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_(honorific)#Academia – Like the don used for Roman Catholic priests, this usage derives from the Latin dominus, meaning "lord". An English corruption, "dan", was in early use as a title of respect, equivalent to master.] George Henghm [George Hengham, Hyngham or Hingham was prior of Lynn from 1506. He is also mentioned in the will of Elizabeth's third husband, Thumas Thursby, of 3rd of May 1510] p^ri^or of Leun [Lynn] xxs [twenty shillings], It[e]m I bequethe to the continuans of A comynd[?] carte for the foluyng of the strete in norwiche xli [£10] for the ward of Mydyll Wymer, It[e]m I bequethe to Helene Ayllmer, Elizabeth, Margrett and Cecely Aylmer the daughters of my Sonne Richard Aylmer whenne they come to the age of xviij yeres to Iche of them x marcs and to iche of them att the sayd age in plate assignaied and stuff of howshold appoyntid to iche of them to the value of x marcs and if fortune any of the sayd Helen, Elizabeth Margrett and Cecily or all to decesse by for the age of the sayd xviij yeres Thenne I wyll thatt the sayd Legatt made to the sayd chylde and childern to be deceassed shalbe distributed by myn executors in d[ee]ds of pythe and charite for my Sowlle my husbands Sowlles and all cristen Sowlles by myn executores [...] It I wyll thatt my place lyyng in Sancte Andrews parishe be sollyd by myn executores and the monye ther of commyng to go to the pformance of this my present testament, It[e]m I bequethe to Nicholas Gapston[?] Willm Amyes and Nicholas Osborn to iche of them v marcs It I wyll have a manne to goo in pylgrimage for my Sonne Thomas to o[u]r lady of malsynggny [Marcigny] and he too have for his labor iijs iiijd [three shillings four pence] It[e]m I wyll have a manne to goo in pilgrimage to Sancte Antonye att Camb[irs]ton [Camber] in Sussex and he to have for his labor xs [10 shillings] It[e]m I bequethe to Thomas Thursby an agnus dei Silver and gilte withe holy wexe [wax] ther in and too his wyff A Image of o[u]r lady Silver and gilte It I bequethe to Elizabeth Westgate A payre of Smalle corall be[a]ds of twyse ffyfty withe gilte pater noster, It[e]m I bequethe to [...] to be dysposed of for my Sowlle myn childers Sowlles myn husbands Sowlles and all my frendes Sowlles in [...] to the moste plesire of god and comfort to my Sowlle [...] I orden and make my welbelovyd in criste {{cite book}}: External link in |quote= (help)
  5. Ewing, William Creasy (2005). Notices of the merchants' marks in the city of Norwich.
  6. "City of Norwich, chapter 42: Middle Wimer ward". An Essay Towards A Topographical History of the County of Norfolk: Volume 4. British History Online. 1806. Retrieved 21 September 2020. Orate pro bono statu Thome Thirsby, et Eliz. Ur. et pro aiab: Johis: et Rob. Aylmer quondam maiorum Civitatis Norwici.
  7. "Impington: Manors and other estates | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2020. John's widow Margaret held Impington until her death in 1528, (fn. 34) when it passed under a settlement of 1512 to their daughters Margaret, wife of George Heveningham, and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Thursby.
  8. Catalogue Description: Thursby v Calybut. Plaintiffs: Isabel, late the wife of Thomas Thursby. Defendants: John Calybut of Castleacre. Subject: Profits of the manor of Southacre whereof defendant is tenant. Norfolk. SFP. Date: 1532-1538. Held by: The National Archives, Kew. 1532–1538.
  9. Catalogue Description: Knyvet v Aylmer. Plaintiffs: Sir William Knyvet, knight. Defendants: Elizabeth, late the wife of Robert Aylmer, and William Ferrour, his executors, and Thomas Cause and John Westgate, executors of John Wellys. Subject: Detention of property of Robert Toppis. Norfolk. 9 documents. Date: 1493-1500. Held by: The National Archives, Kew. 1493–1500.
  10. "Henry VIII: May 1521, 11-20 | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2020. Paid to Eliz. knevet at Easter last, money due to her at Lady Day, 20l. To M. Geddyng, toward the burying of my said cousin, 15l.
  11. "K". A Who's Who of Tudor Women. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  12. Virgoe, Roger (1982). Bindoff, S.T. (ed.). Knyvet, Sir Edmund (by 1508–51). pp. 482–483. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  13. Gunn, S.J. (2004). "Knyvet, Sir Thomas (c. 1485–1512), Courtier and Sea Captain". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/15799. ISBN 978-0-19-861412-8. Retrieved 20 November 2012. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  14. Bannerman, W. Bruce (William Bruce) (1906). Miscellanea genealogica et heraldica. Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center. London, England : Mitchell, Hughes & Clarke. p. 139.
  15. Farrer, Reverend Edmund (1931). Early Suffolk Heraldry Volume XXI Part 1 (PDF). The Suffolk Institute of Archaeology and Natural History. p. 23. «They were established there as early as 1316, and from that date till 1500 they resided in Bocking when a daughter of William Doreward married Thomas Thursby, who died in 1532.» Notes to the quote: Thomas Thursby (d.1532) does not appear to have married a daughter of William Doreward. Rather, he himself appear to have been the great-grandson of William Doreward. His maternal grandmother was Elizabeth Doreward, and Elizabeth Doreward was the heiress of her father William Doreward, and Thomas Thursby's (d.1532) mother, Elizabeth's daughter Helen/Ellen Fotheringhay was the coheiress of her uncle, John Doreward. The death date appears completely correct, however, as it is known that this Thomas Thursby died after 1529, but before 1538.
  16. "Henry VIII: February 1541, 26-28 | British History Online. Letters and Papers Henry VIII, 1541, g. 580/74". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2020. 74. Edm. Beaupre. Annuity of 10l. issuing from the manor of Bocking, Essex, which belonged to Thos. Thurseby, dec., in reversion; during the minority of Edw. Thuresby, s. and h. of the said Thomas; with wardship and marriage of the said heir. Hampton Court, 18 Jan. 32 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 16 Feb.—P.S. Pat. p. 5, m. 55.
  17. "Lowestoft Archaeological and Local History Society Volume 47 – Annual Report January 2016" (PDF).
  18. "Deserted Medieval Village of Holt".
  19. Medlar, M.J. "The Gaywood River Valley in the post-medieval period" (PDF).
  20. Leadam, I.S. (1893). The Inquisition of 1517. Inclosures and Evictions. Edited from the Lansdowne MS. I. 153. Part II. pp. 127–292. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  21. Yates, E.M. (1982). The Dispute of the Salt Fen (PDF). Norfolk Archaeology 38. pp. 73–78.
  22. "Will of Thomas Thursby, Burgess and Merchant of Lynn Bishop, Norfolk – National Archives. 23 October 1510.". Published by Ancestry here. In the name of god amen the thirde day of May In the second yere of the Reigne of king Henry the viijth And the yere of our lorde god yt v.C and x I Thomas Thursby burgeys and merchaunt of Lynne Bisshop [...] I give unto John G[...]dell son[?] unto Margerie my doughter to [...] above appoynted to Elizabeth my wif during hir life after the decesse of the same Elizabeth and also of the [...] my doughters or their heirs of their bodyes shalhave the same lands and ten[emen]ts after suche [...] any of the said Elizabeth Elyn Beatrice Margarete or the said John Gryndell [...]
  23. "A History of the County of Cambridge and the Isle of Ely: Volume 9, Chesterton, Northstowe, and Papworth Hundreds". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  24. "K". A Who's Who of Tudor Women. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 28 September 2020. In the covenant for a marriage settlement dated May 31, 1527, Anne was described as "one of the queen's gentlewomen and one of the daughters of Sir Thomas Knyvett deceased." She was to marry Thomas Thuresby or Thoresby of Asshewykyne.
  25. Dashwood, G.H. (ed.). The Visitation of Norfolk in the year 1563, taken by William Harvey, Clarenceux King of Arms: Volume 1 (PDF). Norwich. p. 253.
  26. "GIBBON (GUYBON), Thomas (1470/71-1531), of West Lynn, Norf. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  27. "CONINGSBY, William (by 1483-1540), of the Inner Temple, London and Lynn, Norf. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  28. "MONFORD, Francis (1474/76-1536), of the Inner Temple, London and Feltwell, Norf. | History of Parliament Online". www.historyofparliamentonline.org. Retrieved 27 September 2020.
  29. "Henry VIII: February 1541, 26-28 | British History Online. Letters and Papers Henry VIII, 1541, g. 580/74". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2020. 74. Edm. Beaupre. Annuity of 10l. issuing from the manor of Bocking, Essex, which belonged to Thos. Thurseby, dec., in reversion; during the minority of Edw. Thuresby, s. and h. of the said Thomas; with wardship and marriage of the said heir. Hampton Court, 18 Jan. 32 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 16 Feb.—P.S. Pat. p. 5, m. 55.
  30. St. George, Henry; Camden, William; Clay, John William; College of Arms (Great Britain) (1897). The visitation of Cambridge made in a (1575) : continued and enlarged with the vissitation of the same county made by Henery St. George, Richmond herald, marshall and deputy to Willm. Camdem, Clarenceulx, in a 1619, with many other descents added therto. Harold B. Lee Library. London : Mitchell & Hughes.
  31. "Impington: Manors and other estates | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2020. John's widow Margaret held Impington until her death in 1528, (fn. 34) when it passed under a settlement of 1512 to their daughters Margaret, wife of George Heveningham, and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Thursby.
  32. Catalogue Description: Thursby v Calybut. Plaintiffs: Isabel, late the wife of Thomas Thursby. Defendants: John Calybut of Castleacre. Subject: Profits of the manor of Southacre whereof defendant is tenant. Norfolk. SFP. Date: 1532-1538. Held by: The National Archives, Kew. 1532–1538.
  33. George Baker (1822). History And Antiquities Of The County Of Northampton Baker Vol 1.
  34. Burke, John (1833). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Commoners of Great Britain and Ireland, Enjoying Territorial Possessions Or High Official Rank: But Univested with Heritable Honours. H. Colburn.
  35. Metcalfe, Walter C. (Walter Charles). The visitations of Essex by Hawley, 1552; Hervey, 1558; Cooke, 1570; Raven, 1612; and Owen and Lilly, 1634 : to which are added miscellaneous Essex pedigrees from various Harleian manuscripts, and an appendix containing Berry's Essex pedigrees v.13. Family History Library. p. 298.
  36. Metcalfe, Walter C. (Walter Charles). The visitations of Essex by Hawley, 1552; Hervey, 1558; Cooke, 1570; Raven, 1612; and Owen and Lilly, 1634 : to which are added miscellaneous Essex pedigrees from various Harleian manuscripts, and an appendix containing Berry's Essex pedigrees v.13. Family History Library. p. 502.
  37. George, Sir Henry St (1935). The Visitations of the County of Northampton Taken in the Year 1681. Harleian Society.
  38. Rye, Walter; Hervey, William; Cooke, Clarenceux; Raven, John. The visitacion [i.e., visitation] of Norfolk, made and taken by William Hervey, Clarencieux King of Arms, anno 1563, enlarged with another visitacion [sic] made by Clarenceux Cook : with many other descents, and also the vissitation [sic] made. Family History Library. p. 283.
  39. Rye, Walter; Hervey, William; Cooke, Clarenceux; Raven, John. The visitacion [i.e., visitation] of Norfolk, made and taken by William Hervey, Clarencieux King of Arms, anno 1563, enlarged with another visitacion [sic] made by Clarenceux Cook : with many other descents, and also the vissitation [sic] made. Family History Library. p. 284.
  40. "Impington: Manors and other estates | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 September 2020. John's widow Margaret held Impington until her death in 1528, (fn. 34) when it passed under a settlement of 1512 to their daughters Margaret, wife of George Heveningham, and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Thursby.
  41. Catalogue Description: Release by Philip Calthorp, knight, at the request of Edmund Bewpre, of Yaxley, Suffolk, esquire, and of Thomas Thursby, of Hillyngton, Norfolk, cousins and heirs of John Durward, of Great Yeldham, Essex, deceased, to Richard Sowthwell, esquire, of his right in the manor of Coggeshale, and in 'Poyntell Mill' and 'Esterfordmyll,' in Coggeshale, Markeshale, etc. of which, with Henry Wentworth, knight, and others since deceased, he was seised by charter dated at Coggeshale, 10 November, 11 Henry VII.; to hold, etc. Essex. 15 June, 21 Henry VIII. Note: See E 40/12277. Seal. 15 June 1529.
  42. Catalogue Description: Thursby v Calybut. Plaintiffs: Isabel, late the wife of Thomas Thursby. Defendants: John Calybut of Castleacre. Subject: Profits of the manor of Southacre whereof defendant is tenant. Norfolk. SFP. Date: 1532-1538. Held by: The National Archives, Kew. 1532–1538.
  43. "Henry VIII: February 1541, 26-28 | British History Online. Letters and Papers Henry VIII, 1541, g. 580/74". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2020. 74. Edm. Beaupre. Annuity of 10l. issuing from the manor of Bocking, Essex, which belonged to Thos. Thurseby, dec., in reversion; during the minority of Edw. Thuresby, s. and h. of the said Thomas; with wardship and marriage of the said heir. Hampton Court, 18 Jan. 32 Hen. VIII. Del. Westm., 16 Feb.—P.S. Pat. p. 5, m. 55.
  44. Thursby, Thomas: Essex. Chancery: Inquisitions Post Mortem, Series II, and other Inquisitions, Henry VII to Charles I. Description available at other catalogue level. Thursby, Thomas: Essex. Held by: The National Archives, Kew – Chancery, the Wardrobe, Royal Household, Exchecquer and various commissions. Date: 22 April 1540 - 21 April 1541. Reference: C 142/62/21. Subjects: Landed estates. 1541.
  45. "Bocking | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 13 October 2020. Doreward's Hall, about 700 yards S.S.E. of the church, is of two storeys; the walls are partly of brick and partly of plastered timberframing; the roofs are tiled. The house is said to have been rebuilt by Edward Thursby
  46. "DOREWARD'S HALL, Braintree - 1170740 | Historic England". historicengland.org.uk. Retrieved 13 October 2020. The house has important remains of a c16 house with C17 and C18 additions, partly brick and partly timber-framed and plastered. The house is said to have been rebuilt by Edward Thursby in 1579 and the only part remaining is the present west wing, which was probably the north wing of Thursby's house.
  47. "Photo of Doreward's Hall, Bocking – Flickr".
  48. "Abington Church | The Thursby Memorial". www.abingtonchurch.org.uk. Retrieved 4 October 2020.
  49. "Parishes: Caxton | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 23 April 2021. The manor seems to have passed by 1434 to William Burgoyne of Roxton (Beds.) (d. 1456), whose son Richard died in 1464 leaving Caxton to his heir John, a minor. John presumably succeeded on coming of age c. 1478, but died in 1487, whereupon his feoffees granted the manor in the same year to Agnes Lane for life, with remainder to Richard Burgoyne, then a child. It appears that Richard died before coming of age, probably in 1504 or 1505, and Thomas son of John Burgoyne of Impington was said to hold the manor in 1506. By 1509, however, the property was held by the sisters of Richard Burgoyne, Margaret (d. 1529), wife of George Heveningham (d. 1530), and Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Thursby. By 1530 one half was still held by Thursby, the other half was divided between the three surviving daughters of Margaret Heveningham. On the death of one of those daughters without heirs in 1532 or 1533, the half manor was divided equally between the surviving sisters, Alice wife of Thomas Green and Anne wife of Sir Ambrose Jermyn of Rushbrooke (Suff.). Thursby sold a quarter of the manor to Jermyn in 1536. In or after 1549 the Greens' share passed to Jermyn, who at his death in 1577 left half the manor to his fourth son, Anthony. In 1578 another Thomas Thursby sold his family's share of the manor to Anthony Cage the elder (d. 1583), a London salter who already owned Longstowe.
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