Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code

The Thraustochytrium mitochondrial code (translation table 23) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of the labyrinthulid protist Thraustochytrium aureum.[1] The mitochondrial genome was sequenced by the Organelle Genome Megasequencing Program.

Code

AAs = FF*LSSSSYY**CC*WLLLLPPPPHHQQRRRRIIIMTTTTNNKKSSRRVVVVAAAADDEEGGGG

Starts = --------------------------------M--M---------------M------------

Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG

Base2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGG

Base3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG

Bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) or uracil (U).

Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), Valine (Val, V)

Differences from the standard code

It is the similar to the bacterial code (translation table 11) but it contains an additional stop codon (TTA) and also has a different set of start codons.


DNA codons	RNA codons	This code (23)		Standard code (1)
`TTA`	`UUA`	`STOP = Ter` `(*)`		`Leu` `(L)`

Systematic range and comments

Mitochondria of Thraustochytrium aureum.

References

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. [2]

Wideman, Jeremy G.; Monier, Adam; Rodríguez-Martínez, Raquel; Leonard, Guy; Cook, Emily; Poirier, Camille; Maguire, Finlay; Milner, David S.; Irwin, Nicholas A. T.; Moore, Karen; Santoro, Alyson E. (25 November 2019). "Unexpected mitochondrial genome diversity revealed by targeted single-cell genomics of heterotrophic flagellated protists". Nature Microbiology. 5 (1): 154–165. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0605-4. hdl:10871/39819. ISSN 2058-5276. PMID 31768028. S2CID 208279678.
Elzanowski A, Ostell J, Leipe D, Soussov V. "The Genetic Codes". Taxonomy browser. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 11 August 2016.

External links

Organelle Genome Megasequencing Program

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[1] Wideman, Jeremy G.; Monier, Adam; Rodríguez-Martínez, Raquel; Leonard, Guy; Cook, Emily; Poirier, Camille; Maguire, Finlay; Milner, David S.; Irwin, Nicholas A. T.; Moore, Karen; Santoro, Alyson E. (25 November 2019). "Unexpected mitochondrial genome diversity revealed by targeted single-cell genomics of heterotrophic flagellated protists". Nature Microbiology. 5 (1): 154–165. doi:10.1038/s41564-019-0605-4. hdl:10871/39819. ISSN 2058-5276. PMID 31768028. S2CID 208279678.

[NCBI-2] Elzanowski A, Ostell J, Leipe D, Soussov V. "The Genetic Codes". Taxonomy browser. National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), U.S. National Library of Medicine. Retrieved 11 August 2016.