Three Queens

Three Queens is a prominent 6,687 ft (2,040 m) triple-summit mountain located in the Cascade Range, in Kittitas County of Washington state.[4] It is set within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness on land managed by Wenatchee National Forest. The East Peak is the highest, and its subpeaks are the Middle Peak (6,600 ft; 2,000 m), and West Peak (6,400 ft; 2,000 m).[1] Three Queens is set 6.5 miles (10.5 km) east-northeast of Snoqualmie Pass, on Chikamin Ridge, 2.76 miles (4.44 km) southeast of its nearest higher neighbor, Chikamin Peak. The Pacific Crest Trail traverses the west slope of Three Queens as it crosses the gap between Four Brothers and Three Queens. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into tributaries of the Yakima River drainage basin. The first ascent was likely made in 1925 by a party of eight Mountaineers led by Glen Bremerman and C. A. Fisher.[2] This mountain's name was officially adopted in 1940 by the United States Board on Geographic Names.[4]

Three Queens
Three Queens from northwest
Highest point
Elevation6,687 ft (2,038 m)[1][2]
Prominence1,767 ft (539 m)[1]
Parent peakChikamin Peak (7,000+ ft)[3]
Isolation2.76 mi (4.44 km)[3]
Coordinates47°26′47″N 121°16′15″W[1]
Geography
Three Queens is located in Washington (state)
Three Queens
Three Queens
Location of Three Queens in Washington
Three Queens is located in the United States
Three Queens
Three Queens
Three Queens (the United States)
LocationKittitas County, Washington, U.S.
Parent rangeCascade Range
Topo mapUSGS Chikamin Peak
Climbing
First ascent1925
Easiest routeclass 3+ scrambling[3]

Climate

Three Queens is located in the marine west coast climate zone of western North America.[2] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean, and travel northeast toward the Cascade Mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks of the Cascade Range, causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the Cascades (Orographic lift). As a result, the west side of the Cascades experiences high precipitation, especially during the winter months in the form of snowfall. During winter months, weather is usually cloudy, but, due to high pressure systems over the Pacific Ocean that intensify during summer months, there is often little or no cloud cover during the summer.[2]

Geology

The Alpine Lakes Wilderness features some of the most rugged topography in the Cascade Range with craggy peaks and ridges, deep glacial valleys, and granite walls spotted with over 700 mountain lakes.[5] Geological events occurring many years ago created the diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to the various climate differences. These climate differences lead to vegetation variety defining the ecoregions in this area. The elevation range of this area is between about 1,000 feet (300 m) in the lower elevations to over 9,000 feet (2,700 m) on Mount Stuart.[6]

Glacier Lake and Three Queens

The history of the formation of the Cascade Mountains dates back millions of years ago to the late Eocene Epoch.[7] With the North American Plate overriding the Pacific Plate, episodes of volcanic igneous activity persisted.[7] In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.[7]

During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris.[7] The last glacial retreat in the Alpine Lakes area began about 14,000 years ago and was north of the Canada–US border by 10,000 years ago.[7] The "U"-shaped cross section of the river valleys are a result of that recent glaciation. Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation have been the dominant processes which have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the Alpine Lakes Wilderness area.

See also

References
  1. "Three Queens, Washington". Peakbagger.com.
  2. Beckey, Fred W. Cascade Alpine Guide, Climbing and High Routes. Seattle, WA: Mountaineers Books, 2008.
  3. "Three Queens, East - 6,687' WA". listsofjohn.com. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  4. "Three Queens". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2020-07-21.
  5. Smoot, Jeff (2004). Backpacking Washington's Alpine Lakes Wilderness. Helena, Montana: The Globe Pequot Press.
  6. "Geologic Map of the North Cascade Range, Washington" (PDF). 31 March 2021.
  7. Kruckeberg, Arthur (1991). The Natural History of Puget Sound Country. University of Washington Press.
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