Trauma symptom inventory

The Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) is a psychological evaluation/assessment instrument that taps symptoms of Posttraumatic stress disorder and other posttraumatic emotional problems. It was originally published in 1995 [1] by its developer, John Briere. It is one of the most widely used measures of posttraumatic symptomatology.[2]

The TSI is relatively unique in comparison to other measures of posttraumatic symptomatology, in that it is a multi-scale instrument, including 10 scales of various forms of clinical psychopathology related to psychological trauma. Also unique, it has three validity scales in order to assess the trauma victim's test-taking attitude, such as overreporting, underreporting and inconsistency. The TSI was not developed to detect the Malingering of posttraumatic stress disorder although clinicians have used it to do so. Research shows that the TSI serves as a general validity screen but should be used cautiously in detecting malingered PTSD.[3]

Original psychometric data on the TSI demonstrated statistically adequate internal consistency (alphas ranging from .84 to .87).[4] Validity with a civilian trauma-exposed sample has been demonstrated, with substantial relationships found between the TSI's clinical scale scores and other established measures of PTSD.[5] Further corroboration of the TSI's psychometric properties, with trauma-exposed military veterans, was recently documented.[6]

In 2011 a second edition of the TSI was published (TSI-2),[7] Initial research demonstrated improved ability to detect simulated PTSD.[8] Research in Sweden found the TSI-2 to be statistically sound and a good broad-spectrum assessment instrument.[9]

References
  1. Briere, J. (1995). Trauma Symptom Inventory professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  2. Elhai, J. D., Gray, M. J., Kashdan, T. B., & Franklin, C. L. (2005). "Which instruments are most commonly used to assess traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic effects?: A survey of traumatic stress professionals". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 18 (5): 541–545. doi:10.1002/jts.20062. PMID 16281252.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. Elhai, J. D., Gray, M. J., Naifeh, J. A., Butcher, J. J., Davis, J. L., Falsetti, S. A., & Best, C. L. (2005). "Utility of the Trauma Symptom Inventory's Atypical Response Scale in detecting malingered post-traumatic stress disorder". Assessment. 12 (2): 210–219. doi:10.1177/1073191105275456. PMID 15914722. S2CID 39895515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. Briere, J., Elliott, D. M., Harris, K., & Cotman, A. "Trauma Symptom Inventory: Psychometrics and association with childhood and adult victimization in clinical samples". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 10: 387–401. doi:10.1177/088626095010004001. S2CID 145485753.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. McDevitt-Murphy, M. E., Weathers, F. W., & Adkins, J. W. (2005). "The use of the Trauma Symptom Inventory in the assessment of PTSD symptoms". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 18 (1): 63–67. doi:10.1002/jts.20003. PMID 16281197.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. Snyder, J. J., Elhai, J. D., North, T. C., & Heaney, C. J. (2009). "Reliability and validity of the Trauma Symptom Inventory with veterans evaluated for posttraumatic stress disorder". Psychiatry Research. 170 (2–3): 256–261. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.11.008. PMID 19906433. S2CID 7468554.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. Briere, J. (2011). Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  8. Gray, M. J., Elhai, J. D., & Briere, J. (2010). "Evaluation of the Atypical Response Scale of the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in detecting simulated posttraumatic stress disorder". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 24 (5): 447–451. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.011. PMID 20347258.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. Nilsson, D.; Dahlström, Ö.; Wadsby, M.; Bergh Johannesson, K. (2018). "Evaluation of the Swedish Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in a clinical and a student population". European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. Elsevier BV. 2 (2): 71–82. doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2017.10.006. ISSN 2468-7499. S2CID 80580756.
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