Tulipa saxatilis

Tulipa saxatilis (syn. Tulipa bakeri) is a Greek and Turkish species of plant in the genus Tulipa of the family Liliaceae.[1][2][3][4]

Tulipa saxatilis
Tulipa saxatilis 'Lilac Wonder'
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: Lilioideae
Tribe: Lilieae
Genus: Tulipa
Subgenus: Tulipa subg. Eriostemones
Species:
T. saxatilis
Binomial name
Tulipa saxatilis
Synonyms[1]
  • Tulipa beccariana Bicchi
  • Tulipa chrysobasis Coustur. & Gand.
  • Tulipa bakeri A.D.Hall
  • Tulipa saxatilis subsp. bakeri (A.D.Hall) Zonn.

Description

Tulipa saxatilis is a perennial herbaceous plant. The stems can reach a height of up to 25 centimeters. This geophyte (cryptophyte) forms bulbs as resting buds. The egg-shaped bulbs have a rough shell, are 2 to 3.5 cm long and 1.5 to 3 cm wide. The two to three leaves are up to 38 centimeters long and 4.5 centimeters wide, and are flat, narrow and lanceolate with a clear gloss upper surface.[5]

The flowers are usually single, rarely in pairs on the stem. The perianth is bright pink, with a sharply demarcated yellow centre and the petals are pointed. The three outer petals are 38 to 53 mm long and 9 to 18 mm wide, the three inner ones being the same length, but wider. The stamens are hairy at the base, with brown to black anthers that are 4.5 to 7 millimeters long. The capsule has coarse cross veins in the upper part.[5]

The flowering period extends from March to May. There are diploid and triploid plants with 2n = 24 and 36 chromosomes.[6]

Distribution

Tulipa saxatilis is primarily a plant of the Southern Aegean islands. It is also found scattered in the limestone areas of Crete (including the islands of Gavdos and Dia), also on Karpathos and occasionally on Rhodes and the Datça peninsula in Western Turkey.[7][8] It grows at the edges of fields, scree slopes and rock faces up to 900 m. The species is also cultivated as an ornamental, and is reportedly naturalized on the Greek mainland as well as in Italy and on the Scilly Isles in the United Kingdom.[9][10]

Cultivation

A common cultivar is 'Lilac Wonder' (illustrated), often classified as a cultivar of the subspecies T. saxatilis subsp. bakeri A.D.Hall.[11] However, it is commonly considered to be derived from T. saxatilis sensu stricto.[6][12]

The cultivar 'Lilac Wonder' (T. saxailis Bakeri Group) has been given the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[13] It has pink flowers with yellow at the base inside.

  • Tulipa saxatilis subsp. bakeri
    Tulipa saxatilis subsp. bakeri
  • Closeup of flower of Tulipa saxatilis
    Closeup of flower of Tulipa saxatilis

References
  1. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1984). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 8: 1-632. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
  3. Eker, I., Babaç, M.T. & Koyuncu, M. (2014). Revision of the genus Tulipa L. (Liliaceae) in Turkey. Phytotaxa 157: 1-112.
  4. Altervista Flora Italiana, Tulipano sassicolo. Tulipa saxatilis Sieber ex Spreng.
  5. Sprengel, Curt Polycarp Joachim. 1825. Systema Vegetabilium, editio decima sexta 2: 63
  6. Karin Persson: Tulipa L. in: Arne Strid, Kit Tan (eds.): Mountain Flora of Greece. Volume Two. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh 1991, pp S. 667–672 ISBN 0-7486-0207-0
  7. Annette Carlström: A survey of the flora and phytogeography of Rodhos, Simi, Tilos and the Marmaris Peninsula (SE Greece, SW Turkey). Dissertation, Universität Lund, 1987, 302 + xxii pp.
  8. Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Exkursionsflora für Kreta. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0, p. 353.
  9. Peter D. Sell, Gina Murrell: Flora of Great Britain and Ireland. Volume 5. Butomaceae–Orchidaceae. Cambridge University Prtess, Cambridge 1996, ISBN 0-521-55339-3, p. 258.
  10. Ehrentraud Bayer, Karl Peter Buttler, Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau, Gunter Steinbach (eds.): Pflanzen des Mittelmeerraums. Mosaik, München 1987, ISBN 3-570-01347-2, p. 244.
  11. World Checklist: Tulipa saxatilis subsp. bakeri (A.D.Hall) Zonn., Pl. Syst. Evol. 281: 244 (2009).
  12. Hall A.D. 1938: Three new species of tulips. Journal of Botany (London) 76: 313-319
  13. "Tulipa saxatilis (Bakeri Group) 'Lilac Wonder'". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
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