Mission San José de Tumacácori

Mission San José de Tumacácori (O'odham: Cemagĭ Gakolig) is a historic Spanish mission near Nogales, Arizona, preserved in its present form by Franciscans in 1828.

Mission San José de Tumacácori
Mission San José de Tumacácori
The chapel of Mission San José de Tumacácori
Locationnear Nogales, Arizona
Name as foundedLa Misión San José de Tumacácori
English translationThe Mission of Saint Joseph of the Rocky Flat Place
PatronSaint Joseph
Founding dateJanuary 1691 (1691-01)
Founding priest(s)Father Eusebio Francisco Kino
Native tribe(s)
Spanish name(s)		Pima
Governing bodyNational Park Service
Current useNonextant (San Cayetano)
Historic Monument (San José)

History

Mission San Cayetano del Tumacácori was established by Jesuits in 1691 in a location near a Sobaipuri settlement on the east side of the Santa Cruz River. Services were held in a small adobe structure built by the inhabitants of the village.[1]

After the O'odham rebellion of 1751 the mission was abandoned for a time. In 1752, the village was reestablished and in 1753 the church of the Mission San José de Tumacácori began construction at the present site on the west side of the Santa Cruz River. This first church structure was erected for use by the mission in 1757. The architectural style of the church is Spanish Colonial.

Rumors spread within the Spanish kingdom that the Jesuit priests had amassed a fortune on the peninsula and were becoming very powerful. On February 3, 1768 King Carlos III ordered the Jesuits forcibly expelled from the Viceroyalty of New Spain (colonial México) and returned to Spain.

The mission is now part of Tumacácori National Historical Park, which contains three separate sections.[2] This mission site is included in the Tumacácori National Historical Park that extends for 360 acres (1.5 km2), and is open to the public daily.

These are images of the inside of the Tumacacori Mission and of the Cemetery grounds.[3][4]

Historic structures in Tumacacori
Mission San José de Tumacácori
  • Mission San José de Tumacácori
    Mission San José de Tumacácori
  • Sanctuary as it once looked
    Sanctuary as it once looked
  • Sanctuary as it looks now
    Sanctuary as it looks now
  • Inside Mission San José de Tumacácori
    Inside Mission San José de Tumacácori
  • Another view inside Mission San José de Tumacácori
    Another view inside Mission San José de Tumacácori
  • Rotunda
    Rotunda
  • Sacristy
    Sacristy
  • Mission Fountain
    Mission Fountain
  • Mortuary chapel' and rear of church, 1937
    Mortuary chapel' and rear of church, 1937
  • Mortuary Chapel
    Mortuary Chapel
  • Inside the Mortuary Chapel
    Inside the Mortuary Chapel
  • Tumacacori Cemetery
    Tumacacori Cemetery
  • Tumacacori Cemetery graves
    Tumacacori Cemetery graves
  • Storage house
    Storage house
  • Compuerta
    Compuerta

See also

References
  1. Deni J. Seymour documented and excavated this original native site and mission location.
    "Delicate Diplomacy on a Restless Frontier: Seventeenth-Century Sobaípuri Social And Economic Relations in Northwestern New Spain, Part I." New Mexico Historical Review, Volume 82, no. 4; 2007.
  2. "Tumacácori National Historical Park". National Park Service. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
  3. Visitor Center and Museum
  4. Mission Tumacacori

Additional references
  • Di Peso, Charles C., 1956; The Upper Pima of San Cayetano del Tumacacori: An Archaeohistorical Reconstruction of the Ootam of Pimeria Alta. The Amerind Foundation, Inc. Dragoon, Arizona.
  • Dobyns, Henry F., 1959; Tubac Through Four Centuries: A Historical Resume and Analysis. Prepared for the Arizona State Parks Board 15 March 1959, Reformatted by Tubac Presidio State Historical Park August 1995 and revised. Available on line at: http://parentseyes.arizona.edu/tubac/index.html
  • Doyel, D. E., 1977 Excavations in the Middle Santa Cruz River Valley, Southeastern Arizona. Contribution to Highway Salvage Archaeology in Arizona, Number 44. Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson.
  • Fratt, Lee, 1981; Tumacacori Plaza Excavation, 1979: Historical Archaeology at Tumacacori National Monument, Arizona. Publications in Anthropology 16. Tucson, AZ: Western Archaeological and Conservation Center, National Park Service.
  • Seymour, Deni J., 1993; "Piman Settlement Survey in the Middle Santa Cruz River Valley, Santa Cruz County, Arizona." Report submitted to Arizona State Parks in fulfillment of survey and planning grant contract requirements.
  • Seymour, Deni J., 2007a; "Delicate Diplomacy on a Restless Frontier: Seventeenth-Century Sobaípuri Social And Economic Relations in Northwestern New Spain, Part I." New Mexico Historical Review, Volume 82, no. 4.
  • Seymour, Deni J., 2008; "Delicate Diplomacy on a Restless Frontier: Seventeenth-Century Sobaípuri Social And Economic Relations in Northwestern New Spain, Part II." New Mexico Historical Review, Volume 83, no. 2.
  • Seymour, Deni J., 2007b; "A Syndetic Approach to Identification of the Historic Mission Site of San Cayetano del Tumacácori." International Journal of Historical Archaeology, Vol. 11(3):269–296. doi:10.1007%2Fs10761-007-0031-9
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