Tyrrhenotragus
Tyrrhenotragus is an extinct genus of bovid that lived in the Late Miocene of Italy. It contains a single species, Tyrrhenotragus gracillimus. Fossils were of Late Vallesian and Early Turolian age and have been found in Baccinello, which at the time of its existence was an island.[2] T. gracillimus has features that are suggestive of an insular animal adapted to island existence.
| Tyrrhenotragus Temporal range: Late Miocene | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Tyrrhenotragus gracillimus mandible | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Bovidae |
| Subfamily: | Antilopinae |
| Genus: | †Tyrrhenotragus Thomas, 1984 |
| Species: | †T. gracillimus |
| Binomial name | |
| †Tyrrhenotragus gracillimus Weithofer, 1888[1] | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Antilope gracillima | |
Taxonomy
It was first described in 1888 as Antilope gracillima. Tyrrhenotragus was traditionally viewed as a member of the tribe Neotragini, which includes pygmy antelope, and was thought to represent a migration of African bovids into southern Europe.[3] However, some of the features traditionally thought to be derived from shared ancestry with other Neotragini, like small size and short metapodial bones, may have actually evolved independently due to adaptations to an island environment.[2]
Description
Tyrrhenotragus was a very small species of antelope. In addition to small size, it developed other features associated with insular bovids such as ever-growing hypsodont incisors and shortened limbs.[4] Such features are also seen in the more recent Myotragus (Balearic Island goat).
See also
References
- "Tyrrhenotragus". Fossilworks.
- Henke, Winfried; Tattersall, Ian (2007). Handbook of Paleoanthropology: Vol I:Principles, Methods and Approaches Vol II:Primate Evolution and Human Origins Vol III:Phylogeny of Hominids. Springer. p. 1002.
- Harrison, Terry (2013). Neogene Paleontology of the Manonga Valley, Tanzania: A Window Into the Evolutionary History of East Africa. Springer US. p. 131. ISBN 9781475726831.
- Franzen, Jens Lorenz (2003). Walking Upright: Results of the 13th International Senckenberg Conference at the Werner Reimers Foundation, Bad Homburg V. D. H., and at the Senckenberg Research Institute, Frankfurt Am Main, October 5-9, 1999. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg. pp. 113–114.