Tytus Chałubiński
Tytus Aureliusz Chałubiński (29 December 1820, Radom – 4 November 1889, Zakopane) was a Polish physician, naturalist, and co-founder of the Polish Tatra Society. His collections of natural history specimens are now held in the Tatra Mountains Museum in Zakopane.
Tytus Chałubiński | |
|---|---|
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| Born | 29 December 1820 |
| Died | 4 November 1889 (aged 68) |
| Occupation(s) | Physician and co-founder of the Polish Tatra Society |
Life and work
Chałubiński was born in Radom (some biographers give it as Bialograj where his grandfather lived), son of judge Szymon. His mother Theodosia came from the Wnorowski family of nobles. He studied medicine at Vilnius from 1838, the medical school there had been founded by Jedrzej Sniadecki (1768-1838) and his writings on physiological chemistry would have been an influence. The school was closed in 1840 and in the same year his mother lost all her wealth and she committed suicide. He moved to Dorpat wrote his thesis on sexual reproduction in plants and completed his medical studies at the University of Würzburg. He returned to Warsaw and practiced at the clinic of the Evangelic Hospital under Ferdynand Dworzaczek (1804-1877) whose clinical techniques were another influence. Chałubiński's practice was disturbed during the Polish insurrection of 1863 and ended with Russification in 1873. He then spent time on botany and mineralogy spending time in the Tatra mountains. He helped in promoting the Zakopane region. He collected numerous specimens of mosses, algae, and other plants.[1][2]
In 1874 he published a book on identifying therapeutic indications. He considered disease to be a disturbance in the normal equilibrium and sough a holistic approach to treatment and health. He considered each patient to be unique and suggested that a physician needs to deal with symptoms carefully dealing with multiple symptoms starting with the most important one first.[3]
Chałubiński established tuberculosis sanatoria in Zakopane, in the Tatra Mountains. He was a professor at the Medical-Surgical Academy and Principal School in Warsaw.
References
- Kołodziejczyk , Ł., M.; Wołowski , K. (2015). "The marine algae collection in the herbarium of Tytus Chałubiński". Fragmenta Floristica et Geobotanica Polonica. 22 (1): 89–95.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Wrzosek, Adam (1936). "Młodość Tytusa Chałubińskiego" (PDF). Archiwum historii i filosofii Medycyny (in Polish). 16: 1–27.
- Lowy, Ilana (1990). The Polish School of Philosophy of Medicine From Tytus Chalubinski (1820-1889) to Ludwik Fleck (1896-1961). Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 13–36.
Other sources
- Stefan Kieniewicz, Andrzej Zahorski, Władysław Zajewski, Trzy powstania narodowe, 1992, 300 pages
- Biographisches Lexikon hervorragender Ärzte des neunzehnten Jahrhunderts (Sp. 315). Berlin-Wiedeń. 1901.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Stanisław Feliksiak, Słownik biologów polskich, 1987, Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warsaw, ISBN 83-01-00656-0, pp. 94–95
