USS Norfolk (DL-1)

	USS Norfolk (DL-1) underway in the mid-1960s
Class overview
Name	Norfolk class
Preceded by	Gearing class
Succeeded by	Mitscher class
Built	1 Sep 1949 - 4 Mar 1953
In commission	4 Mar 1953 - 15 Jan 1970
Planned	2
Completed	1
Cancelled	1
Scrapped	1
History
United States
Name	USS Norfolk
Builder	New York Shipbuilding Corporation
Laid down	1 September 1949
Launched	29 December 1951
Commissioned	4 March 1953
Decommissioned	15 January 1970
Stricken	1 November 1973
Identification	Hull number: DL-1
Fate	Sold 22 August 1974 and scrapped
General characteristics
Type	Destroyer leader
Displacement	5,600 tons
Length	520 ft (158.5 m) waterline; 540 ft (164.6 m) overall[1];
Beam	53 ft 6 in (16.3 m)[1]
Draft	19 ft (5.8 m)[1]
Propulsion	80,000 hp 60 MW diesel generators steam turbines, electro 500 kW initially 2x 250 kW generators then 300, final 3 MW 4x 750 kW
Speed	32 knots
Range	6,000 nmi (11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph)
Complement	Officer: 42; Enlisted: 504;
Sensors and ; processing systems	AN/SQS-23 SONAR[2]; Mark 56 fire-control system;
Armament	1951; 8 × 3 in (76 mm)/50 caliber guns; 16 × 20 mm (0.79 in) AA guns; 4 × Weapon Alpha ASW rocket launcher; 8 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes; 1960; 8 × 3 in (76 mm)/70 caliber guns; 4 × Weapon Alpha ASW rocket launcher; 1 × ASROC octuple launcher; 8 × 21 in (533 mm) torpedo tubes;

The second USS Norfolk (DL-1) was the first destroyer leader of the United States Navy. Originally projected as a hunter-killer cruiser, she was in service until 1970, and was scrapped in 1974.

History

The first major U.S. warship built after the construction boom of World War II, Norfolk was designed beginning in 1945, designated project SCB 1 in 1946, and authorized in 1947 as CLK-1, an anti-submarine hunter killer ship which could operate under all weather conditions and would carry the latest radar, sonar, and other electronic devices. She was designed on a light cruiser hull so she could carry a greater variety of detection gear than a destroyer.[3]

She was laid down 1 September 1949 by the New York Shipbuilding Corporation, Camden, New Jersey, launched 29 December 1951 with the destroyer leader reclassification DL-1, sponsored by Miss Betty King Duckworth, and commissioned 4 March 1953, Capt. Clarence Matheson Bowley in command.

After her Caribbean shakedown cruise (February 1954), Norfolk was assigned to the U.S. Atlantic Fleet and between 1955 and 1957 served successively as flagship for Commander Destroyer Flotillas 2, 4, and 6. During 1956 and 1957 she acted as flagship for Commander Destroyer Force, Atlantic Fleet. In June 1957, Norfolk participated in the International Fleet Review as flagship for Admiral Jerauld Wright, Commander-in-Chief Atlantic Fleet and Supreme Allied Commander Atlantic for NATO.

A boiler on the ship blew up in later 1955.

By 1959 Norfolk's eight 3 inch/50 caliber guns had been replaced by eight 3 inch/70 caliber guns and her 20 mm battery had been removed. In 1960 the addition of an ASROC launcher enhanced her antisubmarine capabilities.

On 10 May 1960, an 83-foot Cuban vessel harassed Norfolk while she was patrolling the Florida Straits with The Sullivans in Cuban waters.

In Fall 1961 she took part in UNITAS II as flagship for Commander Cruiser Destroyer Flotilla 2. During the operation she performed ASW training exercises with the navies of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. Norfolk repeated this cruise over the next five years during which she served as flagship of Commander South Atlantic Forces except in 1962 when she was flagship for Commander Cruiser Destroyer Forces Atlantic Fleet.

In 1965 she was the flagship for UNITAS VI.

Norfolk joined LANTFLEX 66 as flagship between 28 November and 16 December 1966. During this exercise she shadowed the Russian trawlers Repiter and Teodilit. She proved her antisubmarine capabilities again as flagship for Commander South Atlantic Forces during UNITAS VIII in Fall 1967.

Norfolk was assigned to Commander Middle East Force as flagship (17 April–15 October 1968). On this mission she visited Bahrain, French Somaliland, Saudi Arabia, Ethiopia. Kenya, the Seychelles, Mauritius, Malagasy Republic, India, Pakistan, Australia, New Zealand, Tahiti, Mexico, and Panama Canal Zone.

In October 1968 Norfolk returned to Norfolk where she decommissioned 15 January 1970 and entered the Atlantic Reserve Fleet. By 1 September 1974, Norfolk was stricken from the Naval Vessel Register and sold for scrap.[4]

CLK-2

A projected sister ship, to be named New Haven, was deferred and then cancelled in favor of the smaller and less expensive Mitscher-class destroyers, due to the high cost ($61.9 million) of Norfork. While Norfolk was fully combat ready, she was effectively a one ship class experiment that tested new ASW weapons and concepts.[5][6]

Memorials

Two of Norfolk's 3″/70 gun mounts were saved from the scrap heap and were on display at the Naval Training Center in Orlando, Florida. When NTC-Orlando closed, the Boca Raton Community High School's NJROTC requested custodianship of the mounts. The guns then stood near the east end zone of the football field in Boca Raton, Florida.[7] The two mounts were then moved to Naval Station Norfolk by November 2020 and with the help of volunteers of current and former military personnel have been in the process of cleaning and preserving them in preparation for their display in front of Commander Naval Surface Force Atlantic headquarters.

Norfolk's bell is preserved in Norfolk, Virginia. From 1975 to 1987 the bell was located at the foot of St. Paul's Boulevard along the Elizabeth River waterfront.[8] The bell was moved to Town Point Park and then eventually relocated to Wisconsin Square, Norfolk, just north of the museum ship berth of USS Wisconsin. 36°50′56.3″N 76°17′39.7″W

References

Notes

Gardiner, Robert (1996). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-155-75013-25.
Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships (1970/71) p.434
Friedman, pp 255-258
"Naval Vessel Register DL1". Retrieved 23 February 2008.
Friedman, pp 258
"U.S. NAVY SHIPS -- Listed by Hull Number". DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY -- NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND. April 2010.
"Flickr photos of the gun mounts in Boca Raton, Florida". 7 January 2006. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
"USS Norfolk bell". Retrieved 23 February 2008.

Sources

This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
Photo gallery of USS Norfolk at NavSource Naval History
Friedman, Norman (1982). U.S. Destroyers: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. ISBN 0-87021-733-X.

External links

destroyerleaderassociation.org: USS Norfolk

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[conway-1] Gardiner, Robert (1996). Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1947-1995. Annapolis, Maryland, USA: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-155-75013-25.

[janes-2] Blackman, Raymond V. B. Jane's Fighting Ships (1970/71) p.434

[3] Friedman, pp 255-258

[4] "Naval Vessel Register DL1". Retrieved 23 February 2008.

[5] Friedman, pp 258

[6] "U.S. NAVY SHIPS -- Listed by Hull Number". DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY -- NAVAL HISTORY AND HERITAGE COMMAND. April 2010.

[7] "Flickr photos of the gun mounts in Boca Raton, Florida". 7 January 2006. Retrieved 1 July 2008.

[8] "USS Norfolk bell". Retrieved 23 February 2008.