USS Recruit (TDE-1)

In 1919, Naval Training Station San Diego was established through the efforts of U.S. Representative William Kettner to have the navy relocate recruit training from Goat Island to San Diego.[4]^: 73[lower-alpha 1] Her predecessor USS Recruit, a wooden "battleship" built in Union Square in New York City in 1917, was dismantled in 1920.[6] Another land-based training ship existed prior to the Recruit, the USS Electrician.[7] During World War II, there was a minesweeper named USS Recruit (AM-285), which was in commissioned in 1943, decommissioned in 1946, and was ultimately transferred to the Mexican Navy.[8]

USS Recruit in its original configuration.

Designed to be a two-thirds scale replica of a destroyer escort, her construction began in 1949.[9] That same year, the Recruit was commissioned by Rear Admiral Wilder D. Baker.[10][11] "Sailing" on a sea of concrete at the Naval Training Center, she assisted with the training of over 50,000 new recruits per year, providing an education in the fundamentals of shipboard drills and procedures, using standard deck and bridge gear like that found on all naval vessels, including lifelines, accommodation ladders, signal halyards, searchlights, the engine order telegraph and the helm.[12] Below decks, the ship had six classrooms where recruits were trained, and adjacent to the ship were barracks where those recruits would be housed when not standing watches aboard the Recruit.[11] Also below decks was a gas chamber where recruits were exposed to a diluted form of tear gas to know first hand of its effects. Due to her landlocked status, Recruit lacked an engine or screw, and therefore was affectionately nicknamed the "USS Neversail."[12][13][lower-alpha 2] In 1954, she was modified from her original configuration.[9] Reflecting her dual identity as both a ship and a building, she was also known as Building 430, located on Geary Drive between Evans and Chauncey roads.[15]

Recruit was decommissioned in March 1967, due to the inability to classify the unique ship in a computerized registry of Navy vessels.[16] She was later reconditioned in 1982, and refurbished to look like an Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate; this reconditioning extended the ship's length to 233 feet.[10][17] That same year she was recommissioned.[6] Commissioned or otherwise, she served continuously as a training facility from her construction in 1949 until the base was closed by the BRAC commission in 1997.[6] Redevelopment of the base began in the early 2000s and continues to this day, with the remodeling of a historic building into a new Performing Arts Center scheduled to open in 2024.[18][19]

California historical landmark marker

When the base closed the Recruit remained, with the hope that she would someday become a maritime museum.[20] Maintenance became the responsibility for a private company placed in charge of repurposing the former training center.[21] In July 2001, Naval Training Center was listed in the National Register of Historic Places;[22] the Recruit is included in the Naval Training Center's listing.[21][23] In 2004, she was listed as a California Historical Landmark.[21][24] In 2014, partnering with the USS Midway Museum, the Recruit was refurbished.[21][25] The San Diego chapter of E Clampus Vitus also assisted with the renovation.[12] She remains where she was built; is adjacent to a retail area of Liberty Station, as the redeveloped base is known; and can be seen from North Harbor Drive.[26] A conference building and several hotels are also located nearby.[27]

She appears to be the one of two surviving examples of the Navy's landlocked ships, or "landships".[10][25] At Recruit Training Command, Great Lakes, Illinois, there is the USS Trayer (BST-21), used for the battle stations phase of recruit training.[28] The USS Commodore, located at the United States Naval Training Center Bainbridge in Maryland, was dismantled when the base closed in the 1970s.[29] The USS Bluejacket, located at Naval Training Center Orlando in Florida, was also dismantled when this base closed March 31, 1995.[30]

The USS Recruit is featured in the opening credits of the 1976 television sitcom CPO Sharkey which takes place in San Diego.[31]