Umma Khan IV

Umma Khan IV (Avar: Гӏумахан, 1725—1735) was an Avar nutsal (ruler), who ruled from 1725 to 1735.

Umma Khan IV
Nutsal of Avars
Reign1722 — 1735
PredecessorMuhammad Nutsal III
SuccessorKhankalav
Born17th-century
Khunzakh
Died1735/1736
IssueMuhammad-nutsal IV, Muhammad Mirza, Umma Khan
FatherElder Bulach
ReligionIslam

Origin

Based on written sources, it is assumed that Umma Khan was the son of Bulach, the son of Dugri Nutsal II.[1] According to another version, Ummakhan IV was the son of this Ummakhan III, whose nickname was "The Elder Bulach".[2]

Biography

He came to power in 1722 after the death of the past Muhammad Nutsal III.[1] As the ruler of Avar lands, he is mentioned in 1727 and 1728.[3] In a letter addressed to a certain Kulizan, written no earlier than 1730, he called himself the Sultan of the Khundzia.[4] In 1142 AH (1729/1730) “in the village of Kakh, Umma-khan-nusal killed two of his brothers – Khankalav and Muhammad”.[5]

In 1734, when Gazikumukh Khanate was captured by Nader Shah and its ruler Surkhaykhan fled with his family to Khunzakh to Umma Khan, in the spring of 1735 he left Avar lands,[6] but again In December after another defeat he again fled to Avaria.[6]

Shamkhal of Tarki named Adil-Gerey, on the contrary, swore allegiance to shah. In response to in 1148 AH (1735/1736),[5] Umma Khan decided to punish him for departing from the policy of the mountain rulers and attacked his village Paraul.[7] As a result of this campaign the village was burned, but at a great cost – in the Paraul battle Umma Khan died.[8] his detachment was defeated by the Kumyks and fled to the mountains.[9]

After his death, he was succeeded by his young sons Muhammad-nutsal and Muhammad Mirza.[10]

See also

References
  1. Aitberov, Timur (1986). Materials on the chronology and genealogy of the rulers of the Avaria. Makhachkala: Study of medieval Dagestan. pp. 153–154.
  2. "History of the Khundzia Khans". khunzakh.ru. Retrieved 2023-02-16.
  3. Gerber, Johann (1958). Description of countries and peoples along the western coast of the Caspian Sea, 1728 – History, geography and ethnography of Dagestan in the 18th–19th centuries. Eastern literature. p. 113.
  4. ф. 15, № 1545. Ufimsky Federal Research Center of the Russian Aademy of Sciences.
  5. Aitberov, Timur (1986). Materials on the chronology and genealogy of the rulers of the Avaria. Makhachkala: Study of medieval Dagestan. pp. 188–190.
  6. Rasul, Magomedov (2002). History of Dagestan. Makhachkala: Research Institute of Pedagogy. pp. 234–235.
  7. Ilyasov, Khusai (1997). Gazikumukh khans. Makhachkala: Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. p. 185.
  8. Neverovsky, Alexander (1848). A brief look at the Northern and Middle Dagestan before the destruction of the influence of the Lezgins in the Transcaucasus. St. Petersburg.
  9. Bakikhanov, Abbasgulu (1926). Golestan-e Eram. Baku. p. 99.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  10. Genichutlinsky, Haydarbek (1992). History of the Khans of Khundzia. Makhachkala: Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. p. 39. Archived from the original on 2017-06-12.

Sources
  • Neverovsky, Alexander (1848). A brief look at the Northern and Middle Dagestan before the destruction of the influence of the Lezgins in the Transcaucasus. St. Petersburg.
  • Aitberov, Timur (1986). Materials on the chronology and genealogy of the rulers of the Avaria. Makhachkala: Study of medieval Dagestan. pp. 153–154, 188–190.
  • Rasul, Magomedov (2002). History of Dagestan. Makhachkala: Research Institute of Pedagogy. pp. 234–235.
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