United National Front (Afghanistan)

The United National Front was a coalition of various political parties in Afghanistan.[1][2] The group was a broad coalition of former and current strongmen, commanders from the anti-Soviet resistance, ex-Communist leaders, and various social and ethnic groups.[3] Its leader was former President of Afghanistan Burhanuddin Rabbani. Many of its members were formerly part of the similarly named United Islamic Front (Northern Alliance).

For other uses, see National Front of Afghanistan.
United National Front
LeaderBurhanuddin Rabbani
Founded2006 (2006) (no longer active)
IdeologyNational Unity
Electoral reform

Reports of when the group was founded vary. Stratfor reported the group was founded on April 3, 2006.[3] Ron Synovitz reported on February 6, 2008 that the group was founded in 2007.[1]

The UNF wanted to secure unity in the divided country. It wanted to amend the 2003 constitution to allow political parties to stand in elections, to change the electoral system from a single non-transferable vote system to a party-list electoral system, and to hold direct elections for provincial governors.[3]

Members included Mustafa Zahir (grandson of former king Mohammad Zahir Shah), ex-defense minister Mohammad Qasim Fahim, parliamentary speaker Yunus Qanuni, Vice President Ahmad Zia Massoud, former general Abdul Rashid Dostum, former Communist-era generals, Sayed Mohammad Gulabzoy and Nur ul-Haq Olumi, and Hezb-Islami commanders, like Qazi Amin Waqad. The Front's exact size was unknown, but it claimed to be backed by 40% of Afghanistan's parliament.

In February 2008, Synovitz reported that Uzbek members of the United National Front suggested that charges filed against their leader Abdul Rashid Dostum could lead to civil war.[1]

Burhanuddin Rabbani was assassinated in late 2011 by a Taliban supposed "peace emissary" who detonated a bomb while embracing Rabbani.

The United National Front as such is no longer active. Vice President Mohammad Qasim Fahim remains in an alliance with President Hamid Karzai. Meanwhile, in late 2011, Ahmad Zia Massoud, Haji Mohammad Mohaqiq, and Abdul Rashid Dostum created the National Front of Afghanistan as a reformation of the United Front (Northern Alliance) to oppose a return of the Taliban to power and to demand reforms from the Karzai government.

Electoral history

Presidential elections
Election Party candidate Votes % Result
2009 Abdullah Abdullah 1,406,242 30.59% Lost Red XN

References
  1. Ron Synovitz (February 6, 2008). "Afghanistan: Prosecutor Suggests'Some People' Cannot Be Tried". Radio Free Europe. Retrieved 2008-02-09. An opposition political movement to which Dostum belongs also has threatened "catastrophic consequences" if the ethnic-Uzbek general is put on trial. Sayed Hussain Sancharaki is the spokesman for the United National Front of Afghanistan -- a political group formed in 2007 by factional commanders and politicians who had once fought against the Taliban regime as the former Northern Alliance.
  2. Ron Synovitz (April 5, 2007). "Afghanistan: New Political Bloc Unites Old Adversaries". Radio Free Europe. Retrieved 2008-02-09.
  3. "Afghanistan: The Re-creation of the North-South Divide". Stratfor. April 6, 2006. Archived from the original on October 14, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2008. Meanwhile, former Afghan President Burhanuddin Rabbani — a Tajik Islamist — announced April 3 the launch of a new political coalition called the United National Front. In addition to former communists, this group includes former mujahideen who participated in the 1979-89 fight against Soviet forces, the 1992-96 intra-Islamist civil war and the 1996-2001 struggle against the Taliban regime.


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