Universal Numbering System

The Universal Numbering System, sometimes called the "American System", is a dental notation system commonly used in the United States.[1][2]

This article is about the dental notation system. For the metal alloy numbering system, see Unified numbering system.
Universal numbering system. This is a dental practitioner view, so tooth number 1, the rear upper tooth on the patient's right, appears on the left of the chart.

Most of the rest of the world uses the FDI World Dental Federation notation, accepted as an international standard by the International Standards Organization as ISO 3950.[3] However, dentists in the United Kingdom commonly still use the older Palmer notation despite the difficulty in representing its graphical components in computerized (non-handwritten) records.

Left and right

Dental charts are normally arranged from the viewpoint of a dental practitioner facing a patient. The patient's right side appears on the left side of the chart, and the patient's left side appears on the right side of the chart.

The labels "right" and "left" on the charts in this article correspond to the patient's right and left, respectively.

Universal numbering system

Although it is named the "universal numbering system", it is also called the "American system" as it is only used in the United States.[4] The uppercase letters A through T are used for primary teeth and the numbers 1 - 32 are used for permanent teeth. The tooth designated "1" is the maxillary right third molar ("wisdom tooth") and the count continues along the upper teeth to the left side. Then the count begins at the mandibular left third molar, designated number 17, and continues along the bottom teeth to the right side. Each tooth has a unique number or letter, allowing for easier use on keyboards.

Universal numbering system table
Permanent dentition
upper rightupper left
12345678910111213141516
32313029282726252423222120191817
lower rightlower left
Primary dentition
upper rightupper left
ABCDEFGHIJ
TSRQPONMLK
lower rightlower left
Alternate system for primary dentition
upper rightupper left
1d2d3d4d5d6d7d8d9d10d
20d19d18d17d16d15d14d13d12d11d
lower rightlower left

Tooth numbering
Comparison of alphanumeric notation, Palmer notation, ISO 3950 (FDI) notation, Universal Numbering System, and paleoanthropology notation

Permanent teeth and their assigned numbers (Universal Tooth Numbering System)

Upper right

  1. 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)
  2. 2nd molar (12-yr molar)
  3. 1st molar (6-yr molar)
  4. 2nd bicuspid (2nd premolar)
  5. 1st bicuspid (1st premolar)
  6. Cuspid (canine/eye tooth)
  7. Lateral incisor
  8. Central incisor

Upper left

  1. Central incisor
  2. Lateral incisor
  3. Cuspid (canine/eye tooth)
  4. 1st bicuspid (1st premolar)
  5. 2nd bicuspid (2nd premolar)
  6. 1st molar (6-yr molar)
  7. 2nd molar (12-yr molar)
  8. 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)

Lower left

  1. 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)
  2. 2nd molar (12-yr molar)
  3. 1st molar (6-yr molar)
  4. 2nd bicuspid (2nd premolar)
  5. 1st bicuspid (1st premolar)
  6. Cuspid (canine/eye tooth)
  7. Lateral incisor
  8. Central incisor

Lower right

  1. Central incisor
  2. Lateral incisor
  3. Cuspid (canine/eye tooth)
  4. 1st bicuspid (1st premolar)
  5. 2nd bicuspid (2nd premolar)
  6. 1st molar (6-yr molar)
  7. 2nd molar (12-yr molar)
  8. 3rd molar (wisdom tooth)

See also

References
  1. "Tooth Numbering Systems". Oral Health Topics A–Z. American Dental Association. Archived from the original on November 2, 2006. Retrieved 2014-05-26. (www.archive.org link)
  2. American Dental Association (August 2022). "Universal Tooth Designation System" (PDF). ValueSet - Universal Tooth Designation System ada.org. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-03-06. Retrieved 2023-03-10.
  3. ISO 3950 Updated – Dentistry Designation System
  4. "Histology: A Text and Atlas by Michael H. Ross • Wojciech Pawlina".
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