VIS Entertainment

Chris van der Kuyl founded VIS Interactive in 1996, alongside Peter Baillie, some former developers from DMA Design, and other "techy people" from outside the video game industry.[1][2] A Dundee native, van der Kuyl headed the company as president and chief executive officer.[1] In 2000, VIS Interactive was renamed VIS Entertainment.[2]

In April 2003, the company acquired the London-based development studio of BAM! Entertainment.[3] In the same year, VIS Entertainment faced financial issues as reimbursements to investors meant that it could not finance its active projects. As a result, the company closed its studio on the Isle of Wight in July of that year, laying off all staf.[4] The company further announced the impending closure of its London studio in September 2003, citing project delays and cancellations.[5] In November, VIS iTV, a Dundee-based joint venture between VIS Entertainment and cable operator Telewest, laid off 75% of its staff.[6] Jane Karowoski, VIS Entertainment's chief operating officer whose task it was to implement cost reductions, subsequently announced her resignation.[7] VIS iTV's sole product, the "interactive virtual horseracing" project I-Race, was to debut on the newly established sports satellite channel iSports TV, but these plans never materialised and VIS iTV was placed into administration in December 2004.[8][9] In January 2005, Bellwether Group, a California-based venture capital group, acquired VIS iTV and I-Race and hired five of its previous staff, intending to market the product in the United States.[9]

On 18 February 2004, BAM! Entertainment announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire VIS Entertainment and its subsidiary State of Emergency Development, which had been set up to fund development for State of Emergency 2, for shares worth roughly US$7 million.[10][11] The acquisition was completed by 25 May 2004.[12][13] Despite the acquisition, VIS Entertainment was placed into administration on 7 April 2005.[14][15] Tom Maclennan and Kenny Craig of Tenon Recovery were installed as administrators.[16] Subsequently, VIS Entertainment's Dundee studio was shut down down and its 26 employees laid off.[17] Another 28 positions were cut at the Edinburgh headquarters, with the remaining 42 "sent home" during the administration process.[17] VIS Entertainment founder van der Kuyl established 4J Studios on 19 April.[1][18] The rights to State of Emergency 2 were sold to DC Studios announced in May 2005, and the company intended to hire between 10 and 40 former VIS Entertainment developers.[18][19] The administration ended in March 2007 and, following its liquidation, the entity was dissolved in July 2014.[20]