Varignano Roman Villa

Its first construction phase dates to the 1st century BCE[1] and it mainly consisted of a house surrounded by a farm linked to olive oil production.[1] The site is beside the Seno del Varignano Vecchio, overlooking the sea, near the santuario delle Grazie and, to the north-east, the Fortezza del Varignano.[1]

Its main area - the pars urbana - and the productive area - the pars fructuaria - were separated by a courtyard used for 'torcularium' or pressing olives for their oil. The owner's residence was single-storey with atria paved with mosaics, living rooms and bedrooms. Its olive oil processing area contained two presses and a 'cella oleario' were active until the 1st century AD.[1] At that period olive oil production shut down and the vilicus underwent a major rebuild, with the construction of a set of heated rooms and private frigidaria, whose cistern is considered as almost unique among similar buildings in northern Italy.[1] This residence was then active until the 6th century.[1]

44.0649°N 9.8403°E / 44.0649; 9.8403