Vera Felicidade de Almeida Campos

Vera Felicidade A. Campos was born in the small town of Irará in the state of Bahia, Brazil. She is the first daughter of the couple Aristeu Nogueira[lower-roman 5] Campos and Odete de Almeida Campos, and at the age of three, the family moved to the capital, Salvador, where she grew up, studied and started her university education, remaining in the city until the age of eighteen. She graduated in psychology in Rio de Janeiro,[15] and since then has been dedicated mainly to clinical practice and the development of Gestalt Psychotherapy theory as presented in her published books.[16][17]

In the first book, published shortly after graduation at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Campos writes about her dissatisfaction with existing theories in the field of Clinical Psychology.[lower-roman 6][18] She had work experience in psychiatric hospitals in Brazil (Juliano Moreira Hospital) and courses in Moscow at the Department of Medicine of the Patrice Lumumba University (The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia) in 1962,[15] and due to her philosophical background and interest in theory studies,[lower-roman 7] she has always had an epistemological concern making clear in her writings the inconsistencies and contradictions of authors who intend to develop a psychotherapy based on Gestalt Psychology, but continue assuming concepts from the psychoanalytic theoretical matrix.[19][20] For V. Campos, the visions of man implicit in psychoanalysis (Freud) and in Gestalt Psychology are incompatible.[21][22] Based on the research of Gestalt Psychology theorists,[23] Koffka, Koehler and Wertheimer, especially their research on perception and sensation, laws of perception, and isomorphism,[24][25] Campos started her theoretical reflections towards the development of Gestalt Psychotherapy.[26] Another important topic of her studies was Kurt Lewin's research on Field Theory,[27] and from that she was critical of what she calls the dualistic approach[lower-roman 8] and the Class Theory-based approach (Lewin's concept), which are characteristic of psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and other functionalist schools in psychology.[28][29]

Vera Felicidade Almeida Campos (second from right) with colleagues at the Patrice Lumumba Russian University in Moscow, 1962

The German Gestaltists centered their careers in research and theoretical development of Gestalt Psychology, but did not develop a psychotherapy, and that was a concern for V. Campos.[30] Since the beginning of her clinical practice, benefiting from both Gestalt concepts and Edmund Husserl's Phenomenology, she initiated the development of Gestalt Psychotherapy, [lower-roman 9] a theory based exclusively on gestaltism, phenomenology, and dialectical materialism.[31] At no time does she make use of psychoanalytic concepts, as does, for instance, Fritz Perls' Gestalt Therapy.[32] One of the ideas most combated by Campos, because it is the most widespread not only in psychology but also in several other areas of knowledge, is the idea of the existence of the unconscious.[33] Campos always points out that the concept of the unconscious in Freud's work is the heart of psychoanalysis, and It is regarded as a fundamental concept with implications in the approach and way of thinking about man, his psychism and his behaviour.[34] With the great dissemination of psychoanalysis after World War II, this was one of its most widespread concepts not only in the human sciences but for the lay public, the common sense. V. Campos, since her first book, expresses her denial of the unconscious in a chapter titled "O Mito do Inconsciente" ("The Myth of the Unconscious").[35][36]

Campos works in clinical psychology since the late 1960s[37] and has been consistently developing her theory in books, articles, and research reports for decades.[15] At the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA) she taught Extension Courses in Gestalt Psychotherapy in the beginning of the eighties[15] and from that time on the subject "Vera Felicidade's Gestalt Psychotherapy" is part of the program content of the mandatory discipline Psychological Theories and Systems II at the Psychology Institute of UFBA (IPS). Besides this subject, in this same Institute of Psychology, it was created in 1998 the optional discipline "Vera Felicidade's Gestalt Psychotherapy" (approved by Brazilian Ministry of Education and Culture – MEC).[38] From her first book published in 1972 to the most recent ones, several of them are cataloged in the Library of Congress in Washington (USA)[39] and other public libraries.[40] Her books are also found in Libraries of American Universities (Yale and Harvard),[41] as well as in Libraries of Brazilian Universities (University of Brasilia – UnB and others[42]) and in the National Library (Rio de Janeiro). In addition to books, she regularly publishes articles in magazines and journals.[43][44][45]

• Official website
• Books released in digital format – eBooks
• Library of Congress Catalog Record
• Dr. Paulo Queiroz – Why do we kill our parents
• Yale University Library, Catalog
• Interview with Vera Felicidade in the newspapers: A Tarde, Correio da Bahia e Bahia Hoje – Salvador-BA
• Institute of Psychology of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Optional subjects of the psychology course: Código: FCH397 Disciplina: Psicoterapia Gestaltista de Vera Felicidade – Pré requisito: FCH046
• Institute of Psychology of the Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Mandatory Subject Teorias e Sistemas Psicológicos II has in its programmatic content Psicoterapia Gestaltista-VeraFelicidade