Vero Beach, Florida

Parts of a human skeleton were found north of Vero in association with the remains of Pleistocene animals in 1915. The find was controversial, and the view that the human remains dated from much later than the Pleistocene prevailed for many years.[8] In 2006, an image of a mastodon or mammoth carved on a bone was found in vicinity of the Vero man discovery. A scientific forensic examination of the bone found the carving had probably been done in the Pleistocene.[9] Archaeologists from Mercyhurst University, in conjunction with the Old Vero Ice Age Sites Committee (OVIASC), conducted excavations at the Old Vero Man site in Vero Beach in 2014–2015.[10] Starting in 2016, archaeologists from Florida Atlantic University joined the Old Vero Man site excavations.[11]

In 1715, a Spanish treasure fleet wrecked off the coast of Vero. Eleven out of twelve Spanish ships carrying tonnes of silver foundered in a hurricane. The remains of the silver attracted pirates. A group of 300 unemployed English privateers led by Henry Jennings stole about £87,500 in gold and silver in their first acts of piracy. The coins still wash to the shore to this day.[12]

In 1872, Captain Allen W. Estes officially established the first land patent between the Atlantic Ocean and the Indian River Lagoon, after settling in the area in 1870.

In 1893, Henry Flagler’s Florida East Coast Railway began operation through the area.[13]

The town of Vero was chartered on June 13, 1919.[6][14]

Vero was officially renamed "Vero Beach" and was switched from being part of St. Lucie County to become the county seat of Indian River County when it was formed in June, 1925.[15] There are many theories on possible origin of the city name, but there's no consensus.[15] Early residential construction in the area often utilized Florida cracker architecture style.[16]

During the war year of 1942, the U.S. Navy selected 1,500 acres (6.1 km²) surrounding the Vero Beach Municipal Airport as the site of Fort Pierce Naval Amphibious Training Base, a Naval Air Station. Due to the bombing practices conducted during the WWII, there are many buried explosives and the Army Corps officials have conducted ongoing search & clearing exercises for the potentially dangerous items since 2014.[17][18]

In 1951, Barber Bridge was built from mainland to barrier islands. It was later demolished and replaced in 1995 with the Merrill P. Barber Bridge. It is named after Merrill P. Barber who was the mayor of Vero beach in 1947.[19]

In 1957, Piper Aircraft began research and development in Vero Beach. In 1961 Piper Aircraft moved administrative and manufacturing operations to Vero after completing building additions.[20]

In 1965, the A1A bridge over the Sebastian Inlet connected the two barrier islands.[21][13] In 1979, the 17th Street Bridge was completed, allowing a second point of access from Vero Beach mainland to the barrier islands.

As of the 2020 United States census, there were 16354 people, 7,608 households, and 3,729 families residing in the city.[23]

In 2020, 14.4% of the population was under the age of 18, and 28.9% of the population was 65 years of age or older. Females made up 53.0% of the population in 2020, and the average household size was 2.12.

In 2020, the median income for a household in the city was $54,311, and the per capita income for the city was $52,524. Out of the total population, 12.8% were living below the poverty line. [24]

As of the 2010 census,[4][25] there were 15,220 people, 7,505 households, and 3,946 families residing in the city. There were 10,258 housing units. The racial makeup of the city was 87.5% White, 4.8% Black, 0.30% Native American, 1.8% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 3.7% from other races, and 1.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.7% of the population.

There were 7,505 households, out of which 16.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.2% were married couples living together, 9.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 47.4% were non-families. 19.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, with 4.8% being 85 years and older. The average household size was 2.01 and the average family size was 2.65.

In the city the population was spread out, with 14.1% under the age of 16, 84.1% over 18, 4.3% from 15 to 19, 4.9% from 20 to 24, 5.5% from 20 to 25 and 29.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50.9 years.

For every 100 females, there were 92.8 males. The population consists of 51.3% female and 48.7% male.

Vero Beach has a humid subtropical climate, with hot and humid summers and warm, drier winters.

Vero Beach is home to general aviation manufacturer Piper Aircraft, which is the largest private employer in Indian River County. As of July 2015, Piper employed approximately 750 people. Aside from Piper, the bulk of commercial activity in Vero Beach centers around tourism, the citrus industry and service activities.

There are two shopping malls: the Indian River Mall, and the Vero Beach Outlets just west of I-95 on State Road 60. There are small specialty shops along Ocean Drive on the barrier island. There are also a set of shops directly inland in what is called "Miracle Mile." The Historic Downtown is a newly revitalized area of shopping, dining, antique stores, and art galleries.

The beaches in Vero Beach are part of Florida's Treasure Coast. Vero's three main public beaches are South Beach, accessible at the eastern end of Florida State Road 656 at the eastern end of 17th Street; Humiston Park, in Vero's Central Beach Business District on Ocean Drive and Jaycee Park which is adjacent to Conn Beach. There are 26 miles (42 km) of oceanfront shore in Indian River County. Vero Beach also has other free public access trails and walkways with beach access, such as Riomar Beach, Sea Cove, Sea Grape Trail, Sexton Plaza, and Turtle Trail.

The Indian River Lagoon, passing through Vero Beach, forms a significant portion of the Intracoastal Waterway, and is a hub for boating, fishing, water skiing, diving, kayaking and other small-craft waterborne activities.

Disney's Vero Beach Resort is officially located in Wabasso Beach, a small town north of Vero Beach. As of 2021, the city hosts 14 private golf clubs.[29]

Vero Beach is home to Historic Dodgertown, which initially started operations during World War II as a U.S. Naval Air Station, and later served as the Spring Training facility of the Brooklyn Dodgers and successor Los Angeles Dodgers baseball teams,[30] until 2008. After the team's departure for a new Spring home in Arizona in 2008, it has served as a year-round multi-purpose facility for athletes of all ages. As of January 2, 2019, MLB has assumed control of the historic facilities with plans to expand the complex and rename it The Jackie Robinson Training Complex. This is to honor both the late Jackie Robinson and the site's history as the first racially integrated spring-training center in the American South.[31]

Vero Beach had been the Spring training home of the Los Angeles Dodgers since 1948. The Dodgers left Vero Beach in 2008 for Glendale, AZ.

Vero Railroad Station

McKee Jungle Gardens

• Driftwood Inn
• Hallstrom House
• Old Indian River County Courthouse
• Judge Henry F. Gregory House
• Maher Building
• McKee Jungle Gardens
• Old Palmetto Hotel
• Pueblo Arcade
• Royal Park Arcade
• Theodore Hausmann Estate
• Old Vero Beach Community Building
• Vero Beach Diesel Power Plant
• Vero Beach Woman's Club
• Vero Railroad Station
• Vero Theatre

Vero Beach Regional Airport is a public airport one mile northwest of Vero Beach, offering commercial jet service by Elite Airways. Breeze Airways began flying on February 2, 2023.[32]

Vero Beach is served by GoLine Bus routes.[33]

The Florida East Coast Railway (FEC) mainline bisects Vero Beach, with an active team track in town serving two off-line lumber/building products customers, who receive boxcars, flatcars and gondolas, .[34] The Vero Railroad Station served the transportation needs of the community and its surrounding agricultural area for almost 65 years from 1903 to 1968.[35] It now serves as a county historical exhibit center.[36]

Indian River County Fire-Rescue provides fire protection and emergency medical services to the citizens of Vero Beach. There are three fire stations assigned to the city:

• Station 1 – Engine 1, Rescue 1, Ladder 1.
• Station 2 – Engine 2, Rescue 2, Dive Rescue 2.
• Station 3 - Engine 3, Rescue 3, ARFF 3.[37][38]

The Vero Beach Police Department provides police protection for the city. It headquarters is located at 1055 20th Street, Vero Beach, FL, and it is staffed with approximately 57 sworn officers.[39][40]

The Indian River County School District operates the following public schools serving Vero Beach:[41]

• Vero Beach High School
• Gifford Middle School
• Oslo Middle School
• Storm Grove Middle School
• Beachland Elementary School
• Citrus Elementary School
• Dodgertown Elementary School
• Glendale Elementary School
• Indian River Academy (elementary school)
• Liberty Magnet School (elementary)
• Osceola Magnet School (elementary)
• Rosewood Magnet School (elementary)
• Vero Beach Elementary School
• Alternative Center for Education

• Indian River Charter High School
• Imagine South Vero
• North County Charter Elementary
• St. Peter's Academy

• Saint Edward's School. Independent College Preparatory in Episcopal School Tradition; grades pre-K–12
• St. Helen Catholic School
• Anderson Academy. grades 8–12
• Masters Academy. grades pre-K–12
• Tabernacle Christian School. grades K-8
• SunCoast School. grades pre-K–8

• Indian River State College – Mueller Campus
• Treasure Coast Technical College[42]