Viola cornuta

Viola cornuta, known as horned pansy[1] or horned violet, is a species of flowering plant in the violet family Violaceae, native to the Pyrenees and the Cordillera Cantábrica of northern Spain at an altitude of 1,000–2,300 metres (3,300–7,500 ft).[2] It is a low-growing, clump-forming temperate evergreen perennial, reaching 50 cm (20 in) in height and spread. It has mid-green ovate leaves with rounded teeth, and masses of delicate pale violet flowers in early summer. The flower consists of five strap-shaped petals with a slender spur.[3][4]

This article is about the wild species Viola cornuta. For the ornamental hybrid derived from Viola cornuta, see Viola × williamsii.

Viola cornuta
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Violaceae
Genus: Viola
Species:
V. cornuta
Binomial name
Viola cornuta

This plant,[5] and the white-flowered Alba Group,[6] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[7]

It is a known host of the pathogenic fungus Puccinia violae.[8]

Cultivation

Viola cornuta is hardy to USDA zones 6–11[9] (hardy in the UK to −15 °C (5 °F)).[5] Many cultivars are hybrids with Viola × wittrockiana, designated as Viola × williamsii.[10] Some of these, such as 'King Henry', may be hardy to zone 4.[11]

References
  1. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  2. F. Muñoz Garmendia; P. Montserrat; M. Laínz & J. J. Aldasoro. "Viola L.". Plumbaginaceae (partim) – Capparaceae (PDF). Flora Iberica. Vol. 3. pp. 276–317. ISBN 978-84-00-08359-5.
  3. Fuller, Rodney (1993). Pansies, violas and violettas: the complete guide. United Kingdom: Crowood Press. ISBN 978-1-85223-748-6.
  4. Edwards, Ray (1999). Hardy perennials: RHS practicals. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley.
  5. "RHS Plant Selector "Viola cornuta"". Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  6. "RHS Plant Selector Viola cornuta Alba Group". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  7. "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 107. Retrieved 18 February 2019.
  8. Helgi Hallgrímsson & Guðríður Gyða Eyjólfsdóttir (2004). Íslenskt sveppatal I - smásveppir [Checklist of Icelandic Fungi I - Microfungi. Fjölrit Náttúrufræðistofnunar. Náttúrufræðistofnun Íslands [Icelandic Institute of Natural History]. ISSN 1027-832X
  9. MBG 2020.
  10. AGS 2018.
  11. DG 2020.

Bibliography

Media related to Viola cornuta at Wikimedia Commons

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