Wolfgang Schwanitz
Wolfgang Schwanitz (26 June 1930 – 1 February 2022) was a German intelligence official, who was the last head of the Stasi, the East German secret police. It was officially renamed the "Office for National Security" on 17 November 1989. Unlike his predecessor, Erich Mielke, he did not hold the title "Minister of State Security", but held the title of "Leader of the Office for National Security". Following the German reunification, he was active as an author of works that sought to portray the Stasi in a positive light.[1][2]
Wolfgang Schwanitz | |
|---|---|
 Schwanitz in 1989 | |
| Head of the Office for National Security | |
| In office 18 November 1989 – 11 January 1990 Leave of absence: 14 December 1989 – 11 January 1990 | |
| Chairman of the Council of Ministers | Hans Modrow |
| Preceded by | Erich Mielke (as Minister for State Security) |
| Succeeded by | Position abolished |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 26 June 1930 Berlin, Free State of Prussia, Weimar Germany (now Germany) |
| Died | 1 February 2022 (aged 91) Berlin, Germany |
| Political party | Independent |
| Other political affiliations | Socialist Unity Party (1953–1989) |
| Alma mater | Humboldt University of Berlin Juristische Hochschule des MfS (Dr. jur.) |
| Occupation |
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| Awards | Patriotic Order of Merit, 3rd class |
Central institution membership
Other offices held
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Career in East Germany
Early developments
Schwanitz was born in Berlin. He became a member of the Free German Youth when the German Democratic Republic was founded. In 1950, he became a member of the Society for German-Soviet Friendship (German: Gesellschaft für Deutsch-Sowjetische Freundschaft), and in 1953, of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, the ruling East German communist party. He worked for the Stasi from 1951, and studied at the college of the Stasi, where he earned a doctorate with a dissertation on "combating hostile tendencies among the youth" (German: Bekämpfung feindlicher Erscheinungen unter Jugendlichen) (the doctorate is not recognized in present-day Germany). Between 1974 and 1986, he was head of Stasi in East Berlin. In 1986, he was appointed Stasi Lieutenant General and deputy of the Minister for State Security by Erich Mielke.
Appointment as the "Leader of the Office of National Security"
During the collapse of the communist regime in the autumn of 1989, both the long-time Head of State of East Germany, Erich Honecker, and the long-time head of the Stasi, Erich Mielke, resigned from their positions. Schwanitz was appointed the successor of Mielke as Leader of the Office for National Security and member of the Council of Ministers. The Stasi was dissolved on 31 March 1990. Since German reunification, Schwanitz was a leading member of the historical revisionist[1] organisation Gesellschaft zur Rechtlichen und Humanitären Unterstützung, consisting of Stasi veterans who defend the communist regime and the Stasi.
Personal life and death
Schwanitz died on 1 February 2022, at the age of 91.[3]
References
- Karl Wilhelm Fricke: Geschichtsrevisionismus aus MfS-Perspektive, Berlin-Hohenschönhausen Memorial, 2006
- Eckhard Jesse: Fakten und Erkenntnisse, keine Mythen und Legenden, Federal Agency for Civic Education (in German)
- "Wolfgang Schwanitz ist tot" (in German). Spiegel Politik. 2 February 2022. Retrieved 2 February 2022.
Literature
- "Schwanitz, Wolfgang". Wer war wer in der DDR? (in German). Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur.
- Hubertus Knabe, Die Täter sind unter uns. Über das Schönreden der SED-Diktatur, Propyläen, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-549-07302-5