Xanthium orientale

Xanthium orientale is a species of annual plant of the daisy family Asteraceae.[1]

Xanthium orientale
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Genus: Xanthium
Species:
X. orientale
Binomial name
Xanthium orientale
Synonyms[1]
List
    • Xanthium acerosum Greene
    • Xanthium acutilobum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium acutum Greene
    • Xanthium affine Greene
    • Xanthium albinum (Widder) Scholz & Sukopp
    • Xanthium americanum Walter
    • Xanthium aridum H.St.John
    • Xanthium australe Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium barcinonense Sennen
    • Xanthium brevirostre Hochst. ex A.Rich.
    • Xanthium brevirostre Wallr.
    • Xanthium bubalocarpon Bush
    • Xanthium californicum Greene
    • Xanthium calvum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium campestre Greene
    • Xanthium canadense Mill.
    • Xanthium cavanillesii Schouw
    • Xanthium cenchroides Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium chinense var. globuliforme C.Shull
    • Xanthium chsei Fernald
    • Xanthium cloessplateaum D.Z.Ma
    • Xanthium commune Britton
    • Xanthium cordifolium Stokes
    • Xanthium crassifolium Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium cuneatum Moench
    • Xanthium curvescens Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium discolor Wallr.
    • Xanthium echinatum Murray
    • Xanthium fuscescens Jord. & Fourr.
    • Xanthium glabratum Britton
    • Xanthium glanduliferum Greene
    • Xanthium hispanicum Sennen
    • Xanthium homothalamum Spreng.
    • Xanthium italicum Moretti
    • Xanthium leptocarpum Millsp. & Sherff
    • Xanthium longirostre Wallr.
    • Xanthium macounii Britton
    • Xanthium macrocarpum var. italicum (Moretti) Nyman
    • Xanthium maculatum Raf.
    • Xanthium monoicum Gilib.
    • Xanthium nigri Ces., Pass. & Gibelli
    • Xanthium oligacanthum Piper
    • Xanthium oviforme Wallr.
    • Xanthium palustre Greene
    • Xanthium pensylvanicum Wallr.
    • Xanthium pungens var. denudatum Widder
    • Xanthium riparium Itzigs. & Hertzsch
    • Xanthium riparium Lasch
    • Xanthium ripicola Holub
    • Xanthium roxburghii Wallr.
    • Xanthium saccharatum Wallr.
    • Xanthium silphiifolium Greene
    • Xanthium speciosum Kearney
    • Xanthium sphaerocephalum Salzm. ex Ball
    • Xanthium strumarium var. canadense (Mill.) Torr. & A.Gray
    • Xanthium strumarium var. echinatum (Murray) A.Gray
    • Xanthium strumarium subsp. italicum (Moretti) D.Löve
    • Xanthium strumarium f. purpurascens Priszter
    • Xanthium strumarium var. wootonii (Cockerell) W.C.Martin & C.R.Hutchins
    • Xanthium varians Greene
    • Xanthium wootonii Cockerell

Use by Native Americans

The Zuni people use the plant for multiple purposes. The chewed seeds are rubbed onto the body before the cactus ceremony to protect it from spines. A compound poultice of seeds is applied to wounds or used to remove splinters.[2] The seeds are also ground, mixed with cornmeal, made into cakes, and steamed for food.[3][4]

References
  1. "Xanthium orientale L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2022-07-01.
  2. Stevenson, Matilda Coxe (1915). "Ethnobotany of the Zuni Indians". SI-BAE Annual Report. 30: 62–63.
  3. Stevenson (1915), p. 71.
  4. Castetter, Edward F. (1935). "Ethnobiological Studies in the American Southwest I. Uncultivated Native Plants Used as Sources of Food". University of New Mexico Bulletin. 4 (1): 1–44, 54.
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