Yanshi District

Yanshi District[2] (simplified Chinese: 偃师区; traditional Chinese: 偃師區; pinyin: Yǎnshī Qū) is a district in the prefecture-level city of Luoyang in western Henan province, China. Yanshi lies on the Luo River and is the easternmost county-level division of Luoyang.

Yanshi
偃师区
District
Yanshi is located in Henan
Yanshi
Yanshi
Location in Henan
Coordinates: 34°43′37″N 112°47′24″E
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceHenan
Prefecture-level cityLuoyang
Area
[1]
 • Total888 km2 (343 sq mi)
Population
 (2019)[1]
 • Total572,900
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
471900

History

After the Zhou conquest of Shang in mid-11th century BC, King Wu of Zhou founded a garrison town to the east of modern Yanshi to accommodate some of the campaigning troops. When Qin annexed Zhou in 256 BC, Yanshi County was established. The county's borders underwent several changes over the course of history.

In 1993, Yanshi County became the county-level Yanshi City.[3]

In 2021, it became Yanshi District of Luoyang City.[2]

Administrative divisions

As of 2012, Yanshi is divided to 11 towns and 3 townships.[4]

Towns
  • Chengguan (城关镇)
  • Shouyangshan (首阳山镇)
  • Dianzhuang (佃庄镇)
  • Zhaizhen (翟镇镇)
  • Yuetan (岳滩镇)
  • Guxian (顾县镇)
  • Goushi (缑氏镇)
  • Fudian (府店镇)
  • Gaolong (高龙镇)
  • Koudian (寇店镇)
  • Pangcun (庞村镇)
Townships
  • Shanhua Township (山化乡)
  • Mangling Township (邙岭乡)
  • Dakou Township (大口乡)

Climate
Climate data for Yanshi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 19.4
(66.9)		 23.2
(73.8)		 30.3
(86.5)		 38.5
(101.3)		 41.9
(107.4)		 42.7
(108.9)		 41.4
(106.5)		 39.3
(102.7)		 40.3
(104.5)		 35.2
(95.4)		 28.6
(83.5)		 22.7
(72.9)		 42.7
(108.9)
Average high °C (°F) 6.5
(43.7)		 10.5
(50.9)		 16.5
(61.7)		 23.3
(73.9)		 28.5
(83.3)		 32.9
(91.2)		 33.0
(91.4)		 31.3
(88.3)		 27.4
(81.3)		 21.9
(71.4)		 14.6
(58.3)		 8.4
(47.1)		 21.2
(70.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) 1.0
(33.8)		 4.5
(40.1)		 10.2
(50.4)		 16.7
(62.1)		 22.1
(71.8)		 26.7
(80.1)		 27.8
(82.0)		 26.3
(79.3)		 21.8
(71.2)		 15.9
(60.6)		 8.7
(47.7)		 2.8
(37.0)		 15.4
(59.7)
Average low °C (°F) −3.2
(26.2)		 −0.4
(31.3)		 4.9
(40.8)		 10.7
(51.3)		 16.2
(61.2)		 21.3
(70.3)		 23.7
(74.7)		 22.4
(72.3)		 17.4
(63.3)		 11.2
(52.2)		 4.1
(39.4)		 −1.4
(29.5)		 10.6
(51.0)
Record low °C (°F) −17.3
(0.9)		 −16.8
(1.8)		 −9.9
(14.2)		 −1.8
(28.8)		 1.9
(35.4)		 11.8
(53.2)		 16.9
(62.4)		 12.9
(55.2)		 7.2
(45.0)		 −2.4
(27.7)		 −8.4
(16.9)		 −12.8
(9.0)		 −17.3
(0.9)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 7.7
(0.30)		 10.3
(0.41)		 19.4
(0.76)		 33.5
(1.32)		 49.0
(1.93)		 64.6
(2.54)		 113.9
(4.48)		 95.9
(3.78)		 69.4
(2.73)		 37.1
(1.46)		 24.4
(0.96)		 5.1
(0.20)		 530.3
(20.87)
Average precipitation days 3.5 3.9 4.9 5.6 7.3 7.7 10.4 10.0 8.7 6.5 5.2 2.8 76.5
Average snowy days 3.7 3.2 1.0 0.2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.9 2.4 11.4
Average relative humidity (%) 59 58 55 58 59 59 73 76 72 68 67 60 64
Mean monthly sunshine hours 133.6 141.5 177.3 204.7 220.4 204.4 182.5 176.7 153.3 151.3 145.7 146.4 2,037.8
Percent possible sunshine 43 45 48 52 51 47 42 43 42 44 47 48 46
Source: China Meteorological Administration[5][6]

Archaeological sites

There are two important archaeological sites in this area.

Erlitou site

The Erlitou culture (1900–1500 BC) was discovered in Yanshi in 1959.[7] Erlitou is the name of the modern village nearby; the traditional name of the settlement was Zhenxun (斟鄩, Zhēnxún).

Yanshi Shang City

In 1983, a walled city dating from 1600 BC was found 6 km (3.7 mi) north-east of the Erlitou site in Yanshi's Shixianggou Township.[7] This city, now known as Yanshi Shang City (偃师商城, Yǎnshī Shāngchéng), had an area of nearly 200 ha (490 acres) and featured pottery characteristic of the Erligang culture.[8] Some scholars—including the Xia–Shang–Zhou Chronology Project[8]—identify it with the first Shang dynasty capital, Western Bo (西亳, Xībó) which was traditionally credited to King Tang after his defeat of the Xia dynasty.[9]

See also

References
  1. 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  2. "国务院同意河南省洛阳市调整部分行政区划". 2021-03-18.
  3. "历史人文". Yanshi City Government. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
  4. 洛阳市-行政区划网 www.xzqh.org (in Chinese). XZQH. Retrieved 2012-05-24.
  5. 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  6. 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  7. Liu, Li; Xu, Hong (2007). "Rethinking Erlitou: legend, history and Chinese archaeology". Antiquity. 81 (314): 886–901. doi:10.1017/S0003598X00095983. hdl:1959.9/58390. S2CID 162644060.
  8. Lee, Yun Kuen (2002). "Building the chronology of early Chinese history". Asian Perspectives. 41 (1): 15–42. doi:10.1353/asi.2002.0006. hdl:10125/17161. S2CID 67818363.
  9. Schinz, Alfred (1996). The magic square: cities in ancient China. Edition Axel Menges. ISBN 978-3-930698-02-8.

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