Yellow Fever Commission
The Yellow Fever Commission was a research team of the United States Army which researched treatment for yellow fever.
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The commission was originally formed as the Reed Commission by Army Surgeon General George Sternberg in 1900.[1] The medical research board was forged as a four member board consisting of Walter Reed, James Carroll, Jesse W. Lazear, and Aristides Agramonte. The U.S. Army research detachment was commissioned for public health surveillance regarding a tropical disease susceptible by the predatorial Aedes aegypti or an infectious mosquito in Cuba.[2][3] The mosquito-borne disease or yellow fever pathogen was found to have inflicted an elevated casualty count during the Spanish–American War.[4]
The research process itself became a focus of study for later generations.[5]
A United States nurse named Clara Maass and two Spanish immigrants were among those who died as a result of their research participation.[6]
Researchers mark the research of the Yellow Fever Commission as the origin of the model of modern consent in medical research.[7]
In popular culture
The 1934 Yellow Jack theatrical production told the story of Walter Reed in the Yellow Fever Commission. The theatre production was cast with Sam Levene, James Stewart, Eddie Acuff, and Myron McCormick.
The Broadway play was the basis of Yellow Jack, a 1938 movie presenting the same narrative.
See also
References
- Feng, Patrick. "Major Walter Reed and the Eradication of Yellow Fever". National Museum of the United States Army. The Army Historical Foundation.
- "Hospital Corps detachment at Camp Columbia, Cuba". University of Virginia Historical Collections ~ Claude Moore Health Sciences Library. Library of Virginia. 1900.
- "Walter Reed on shipboard en route to Cuba". University of Virginia Historical Collections ~ Claude Moore Health Sciences Library. Library of Virginia. 1900.
- "U.S. ARMY Major Walter Reed". National Museum of Health and Medicine (NMHM). U.S. Department of Defense.
- Clements, Alan N.; Harbach, Ralph E. (December 2017). "History of the discovery of the mode of transmission of yellow fever virus". Journal of Vector Ecology. 42 (2): 208–222. doi:10.1111/jvec.12261. hdl:10141/622451. PMID 29125246.
- Chaves-Carballo, Enrique (May 2013). "Clara Maass, Yellow Fever and Human Experimentation". Military Medicine. 178 (5): 557–562. doi:10.7205/MILMED-D-12-00430. PMID 23756016.
- Güereña-Burgueño, F (2002). "The centennial of the Yellow Fever Commission and the use of informed consent in medical research". Salud Publica de Mexico. 44 (2): 140–4. doi:10.1590/s0036-36342002000200009. PMID 12053781.
Bibliography
- Shubert, Wm. Augustus (1860). "Yellow Fever : Its Origin, Improper Treatment, Prevention and Cure : With Remarks Regarding Alive-Burials in Times of the Epidemic, and an Interesting Narrative of Facts". Savannah, Georgia: J.M. Cooper. OCLC 14846240.
- Gamgee, John (1879). "Yellow Fever, A Nautical Disease; Its Origin and Prevention". Internet Archive. New York, New York: Appleton and Company. OCLC 1204751151.
- Hargis, Robert Bell Smith (1880). "Yellow Fever: Its Ship Origin and Prevention". Internet Archive. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: D.G. Brinton, M.D. OCLC 1064196576.
- Kelly, Howard Atwood (1906). "Walter Reed and Yellow Fever". Internet Archive. Baltimore Medical Standard Book Company. OCLC 729175258.
- Howard Atwood Kelly; London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (1907). "Walter Reed and Yellow Fever". Internet Archive. New York, New York: McClure, Phllips & Company. OCLC 970766807.
- Augustin, George (1909). "History of Yellow Fever". Internet Archive. New Orleans, Louisiana: Searcy & PFAFF, Ltd. OCLC 14799989.