Prince Qing

Prince Qing of the First Rank (Manchu: ᡥᠣᡧᠣᡳ
ᡶᡝᠨᡤᠰᡥᡝᠨ
ᠴᡳᠨ ᠸᠠᠩ; hošoi fengšen cin wang), or simply Prince Qing, was the title of a princely peerage used in China during the Manchu-led Qing dynasty (1636–1912). It was also one of the 12 "iron-cap" princely peerages in the Qing dynasty, which meant that the title could be passed down without being downgraded.

Prince Qing of the First Rank
Traditional Chinese和碩慶親王
Simplified Chinese和硕庆亲王
Yikuang (1838–1917), the fourth Prince Qing
Zaizhen (1876–1947), the fifth Prince Qing

The first bearer of the title was Yonglin (1766–1820), the 17th son of the Qianlong Emperor. He was awarded the title by his 15th brother, the Jiaqing Emperor, who succeeded their father. Between 1820 and 1908, the Prince Qing title was capped at a junwang (prince of the second rank) status, which meant that the next bearer of the title would inherit, at most, the title "Prince Qing of the Second Rank". However, from 1908 onwards, the title was accorded a qinwang (prince of the first rank) status. The title was passed down over four generations and held by five princes – three qinwangs and two junwangs.

Members of the Prince Qing peerage
  • Yonglin (1766–1820), the Qianlong Emperor's 17th son, initially a beile from 1789 to 1799, promoted to Prince Qing of the Second Rank in 1799 and then to Prince Qing of the First Rank in 1820, posthumously honoured as Prince Qingxi of the First Rank (慶僖親王)
    • Mianmin (綿愍; 1797–1836), Yonglin's third son, held a feng'en fuguo gong title from 1802 to 1819 and a beizi title from 1819 to 1820, held the title Prince Qing of the Second Rank from 1820 to 1836, posthumously honoured as Prince Qingliang of the Second Rank (慶良郡王)
      • Yicai (奕綵; 1820–1866), Mianzhi's son and Mianmin's adoptive son, held the title Prince Qing of the Second Rank from 1837 to 1842, stripped of his title in 1842
    • Mianxing (綿性; 1814–1879), Yonglin's sixth son, held the title of a second class zhenguo jiangjun from 1833 to 1837 and the title of a buru bafen fuguo gong from 1837 to 1842, stripped of his title in 1842
    • Mianti (綿悌; 1811–1849), Yonglin's fifth son, held a buru bafen fuguo gong title from 1831 to 1837, held a buru bafen zhenguo gong title from 1837 to 1842, demoted to a third class zhenguo jiangjun in 1842, posthumously awarded a beizi title in 1852
      • Yikuang (1838–1917), Mianxing's eldest son and Mianti's adoptive son, initially a fuguo jiangjun, promoted to beizi in 1852 and beile in 1860. In 1872, he was awarded the status but not the title of a junwang (second-rank prince). In 1884, he was made Prince Qing of the Second Rank, and was subsequently promoted to Prince Qing of the First Rank in 1894. In 1908, the Prince Qing title was given "iron-cap" status, which meant that the next bearer would be a qinwang (first-rank prince) by default. He was posthumously honoured as Prince Qingmi of the First Rank (慶密親王).

Family tree
adoption
Qianlong Emperor
乾隆帝
(1711–1799)
Yongxuan
永璇
(1746–1832)
Prince Yishen
儀慎親王
(1779–1832)		Yonglin
永璘
(1766–1820)
Prince Qingxi
慶僖親王
(1789–1820)
Mianzhi
綿志
(1768–1834)
Prince Yishun (of the Second Rank)
儀順郡王
(1726–1755)		Mianmin
綿愍
(1797–1836)
Prince Qingliang (of the Second Rank)
慶良郡王
(1820–1836)		Mianti
綿悌
(1811–1849)
Beizi
貝子
(posthumously awarded)		Mianxing
綿性
(1814–1879)
Buru Bafen Fuguo Gong
不入八分輔國公
(1837–1842)
(stripped of his title)
Yicai
奕綵
(1820–1866)
Prince Qing (of the Second Rank)
慶郡王
(1837–1842)
(stripped of his title)		Yikuang
奕劻
(1838–1917)
Prince Qingmi
慶密親王
(1850–1917)
Zaizhen
載振
(1876–1947)
Prince Qingzhen
慶貞親王
(1917–1947)

See also

References
  • Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao). Vol. 221. China.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
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