You Xian Ku

Zhang Zhuo (Chinese: 張鷟, born 658–730 CE), bestowed the honorary name of Wen Cheng (文成), was a Tang dynasty jinshi, a former imperial censor (御史), and a native of Luze, Shenzhou (now Shenxian 深縣 county, Hebei province).

You Xian Ku is a story of the author's first-hand account visiting Heyuan (now Qinghai, Xinghai province), passing through Jishi (積石) mountain. "The days turn to nights, and the road is far. The horse is weary and the man tired" (日晚途遙, 馬疲人乏). He stayed in the fairy grotto and met two women by chance: Cui Shi Niang (崔十娘) and Wu Sao (五嫂), a widow. There they drank wine, wrote poetry, and joked around.

The entire text is written in Four-Six pianwen (parallel prose), mixed with bianwen, with rhymes and leisurely in style.[lower-alpha 1]

Some people called it a "new form of novel" (新體小說). You Xian Ku is the Tang dynasty's earliest romance novel, based on the wanton lives of prostitutes first met by Tang scholars. It has had a profound influence on the love stories written by later generations. Although You Xian Ku had not been re-published in China for over a millennia, its popularity in Japan has never ceased. According to the Old Book of Tang, every time Japan sent an envoy to China during the Tang dynasty, they had to pay a lot to buy copies of the book. In the late Qing dynasty, the book was copied, reprinted in Japan and sent back to China.

In Bai Xianyong's (白先勇) novel Crystal Boys, the chapter "Journey to the Goblin Cave" (You Yao Ku, 遊妖窟) is a parody of You Xian Ku.

• The Tale of Genji
• Chuanqi
• 崔致远传

• 李奭學：《人妖之間——從張鷟的〈遊仙窟〉看白先勇的〈孽子〉》，《中國文哲研究通訊》（中央研究院）第15卷第4期（2006年3月），頁135-150