Yun Won-hyeong

Yun Won-hyeong (Korean: 윤원형, 尹元衡; 1503 – 18 November 1565) was a Korean political figure of the Joseon period. He was the younger brother of Queen Munjeong, the 3rd wife of 11th King Jungjong and was the maternal uncle of the 13th King Myeongjong.

In this Korean name, the family name is Yoon.
Yoon Won-hyeong
윤원형
Chief State Councillor
In office
9 February 1563 – 9 September 1565
Preceded bySang Jin
Succeeded byYi Jun-gyeong
Right State Councillor
In office
15 June 1558 – 16 November 1558
Preceded byYoon Gae
Succeeded byAn Hyeon
In office
14 October 1551 – 17 October 1551
Preceded bySang Jin
Succeeded byYoon Gae
Personal details
Born1503
Died18 November 1565(1565-11-18) (aged 61–62)

He was Chief State Councillor from 1563 to 1565. His courtesy name was Eonpyung (언평; 彦平). In 1565, after the death of Queen Munjeong, both Yoon Won-hyeong and his wife Jeong Nan-jeong were exiled from the capital. Unable to make a political comeback, both committed suicide by poison.

Life

In 1503, Yun Won-hyeong was born as the fifth son of Yun Ji-im, father of Queen Munjung and third cousin of Queen Janggyeong and Yun Im. He was also the great-great-grandnephew of Queen Jeonghui, who was the wife of Joseon Dynasty's 7th King Sejo of Joseon.

Yun Won-hyeong was a political figure from an aristocratic family and a maternal relation of the royal family of the Joseon Dynasty. His family was of the Papyeong Yun clan (Hangul: 파평윤씨, Hanja: 波平尹氏). His elder sister, Lady Yun, was a concubine to King Jungjong of Joseon, and his niece Lady Yun[note 1] was a concubine to King Injong.[note 2] In March 1515, Jungjong's second wife Queen Janggyeong died and Jungjong formally married Yun Won-hyeong's older sister Lady Yun to be the new Queen Consort. Their son was Grand Prince Gyeongwon (the future King Myeongjong).

In 1533, Yun Won-hyeong passed the national examinations, and was appointed to the literature department of Byeol to become an officer. While pursuing an officer position, Yun also sought to make his nephew, Grand Prince Gyeongwon, the next king of Joseon. Yun was temporarily exiled for his actions but came back in 1544. He ran into some conflicts with two relatives who were officials: Yun Im and Kim Ahn-ro. This made for a difficult situation, since Kim Ahn-ro's granddaughter (the daughter of Princess Hyohye and his son, Kim Hui) had married Yun Won-hyeong's own nephew, Yun Baek-won. Also, Yun Im was the maternal uncle of Injong and the older brother of Queen Janggyeong.

In 1543, King Jungjong died. In 1545, King Injong died. Yun Won-hyeong killed his opponents and relatives that supported his third cousin, among these being Yun Im. Later, his brother Yun Won-ro was killed (the Eulsa massacre). In 1546, he controlled political powers. In 1547 he became Minister of Personnel (Ijo Panseo), in 1551 Left State Councillor, and in 1563 Chief State Councillor.

When Queen Munjeong died in 1565, he lost all political power. This caused he and his second wife, Jeong Nan-Jeong to commit suicide.

Family
  • Great-Great-Great-Grandfather
  • Great-Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Grand Internal Princess Consort Heungnyeong of the Incheon Lee clan (흥녕부대부인 인천 이씨, 興寧府大夫人 仁川 李氏) (1383 - 1456)
  • Great-Great-Grandfather
    • Yoon Sa-Heun (1422 – 1485) (윤사흔, 尹士昐); Queen Jeonghui's younger brother
  • Great-Great-Grandmother
    • Lady Kim of the Gyerim Kim clan (계림 김씨, 鷄林 金氏)
  • Great-Grandfather
    • Yoon Gye-Gyeom (1442 – 1483) (윤계겸)
  • Grandfather
    • Yoon Uk (윤욱, 尹頊) (1459 - 1485)
  • Grandmother
    • Lady Jeong of the Yeonil Jeong clan (영일 정씨) (? - 1520)
  • Father
    • Yoon Ji-im (윤지임, 尹之任) (1475 - 14 April 1534)
  • Mother
    • Lady Jeonseong of the Jeonui Lee clan (전성부부인 전의 이씨, 全城府夫人 全義李氏) (1475 - 1511)
  • Brothers
    • Older brother: Yoon Won-gae (윤원개, 尹元凱)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Lee (이씨)
        • Nephew: Yoon Gi (윤기, 尹紀)
        • Nephew: Yoon Kang (윤강, 尹綱)
        • Niece: Lady Yoon (윤씨)
    • Older brother: Yoon Won-Ryang (1495 – 1569) (윤원량, 尹元亮)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Jang of the Suncheon Jang clan (순천 장씨)
        • Nephew Yoon So (윤소, 尹紹) (1515 - 1544)
          • Grandniece: Lady Yoon (윤씨, 尹氏) (? - October 1566)
        • Nephew: Yoon Chan (윤찬, 尹纘)
        • Nephew: Yoon Chi (윤치, 尹緻)
        • Niece: Royal Noble Consort Suk of the Papyeong Yoon clan (숙빈 윤씨, 淑嬪 尹氏) (? - 1595)[1]
    • Older brother: Yoon Won-Pil (1496 – 9 May 1547) (윤원필, 尹元弼)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Jeong of the Gyeongju Jeong clan (경주 정씨)
        • Nephew: Yun Yun (윤윤, 尹綸)
        • Nephew: Yun Wi (윤위, 尹緯)
        • Nephew: Yun Hoe (윤회, 尹繪)
        • Nephew: Yun Jib (윤집, 尹緝)
    • Older brother: Yoon Won-Ro (? – 1547) (윤원로, 尹元老)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Yi of the Jeonju Yi clan (전주 이씨)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Yi of the Pyeongchang Yi clan (평창 이씨)
        • Nephew: Yun Baek-won (윤백원, 尹百源) (1528 - 1589)
          • Niece-in-law: Lady Kim Seon-ok (김선옥, 金善玉) of the Yeonan Kim clan (1531 - ?)[2]
            • Grandniece: Lady Yun Gaemichi (개미치)
          • Niece-in-law: Lady Bok-yi (복이)
            • Grandnephew: Yun Deok-gyeong (윤덕경)
        • Nephew: Yun Cheon-won (윤천원, 尹千源)
        • Nephew: Yun Man-won (윤만원, 尹萬源)
      • Sister-in-law: Lady Min of the Yeoheung Min clan (여흥 민씨)
        • Nephew: Yun Jo-won (윤조원)
  • Sisters
    • Older sister: Lady Yun (윤씨)
    • Older sister: Queen Munjeong of the Papyeong Yun clan (문정왕후 윤씨, 文定王后 尹氏) (2 December 1501 - 5 May 1565)
      • Brother-in-law: King Jungjong of Joseon (조선 중종) (16 April 1488 – 29 November 1544)
        • Niece: Princess Uihye (1521 – 1564) (의혜공주)
          • Nephew-in-law: Han Gyeong-rok (한경록, 韓景祿)
            • Grandnephew: Han Ui (한의, 韓漪)
            • Grandnephew: Han Wan (한완, 韓浣)
            • Grandnephew: Han Sun (한순, 韓淳)
            • Grandniece: Lady Han
        • Niece: Princess Hyosun (1522 – 1538) (효순공주)
          • Nephew-in-law: Gu Sa-yeon (구사안, 具思顔) of the Neungseung Gu clan (1523 - 22 April 1562)
            • Unnamed grandnephew (1538 - 1538)
            • Adoptive grandnephew: Gu Hong (구홍, 具弘)
        • Niece: Princess Gyeonghyeon (1530 – 1584) (경현공주)
          • Nephew-in-law: Shin Ui (신의, 申檥)
            • Grandnephew: Shin Sa-jeong (신사정, 申士楨)
        • Nephew: King Myeongjong of Joseon (이환 경원대군) (3 July 1534 – 3 August 1567)
          • Niece-in-law: Queen Insun of the Cheongseong Sim clan (인순왕후 심씨, 仁順王后 沈氏) (27 June 1532 - 12 February 1575)
            • Grandnephew: Yi Bu, Crown Prince Sunhoe (순회세자 이부, 順懷世子 李暊) (1 July 1551 - 6 October 1563)
        • Niece: Princess Insun (1542 – 1545) (인순공주)
  • Wives and their issue(s)
    • Lady Kim of the Yeonan Kim clan (연안 김씨)[3][4]
      • Son: Yun Seol (윤설, 尹紲)
      • Son: Yun Hyo-won (윤효원, 尹孝源)
      • Son: Yun Chong-won (윤충원, 尹忠源)
        • Grandson: Yun Myeon (윤면)
      • Son: Yun Dam-yeon (윤담연, 尹覃淵)
        • Daughter-in-law: Lady Lee
        • Daughter-in-law: Lady Kim
    • Jeong Nan-jeong (정난정, 鄭允謙) of the Chogye Jeong clan (초계 정씨, 草溪 鄭氏) (? – 13 November 1565)[5][6]
      • Daughter: Lady Yun of the Papyeong Yun clan (파평 윤씨)

See also

Notes
  1. second elder brother Yun Wonryang's daughter
  2. son of King Junjong and Queen Janggyung

References
  1. Became a concubine for King Injong
  2. The paternal granddaughter of Kim Ahn-ro, and the maternal granddaughter of Queen Janggyeong and King Jungjong
  3. Daughter of Kim Ahn-soo (김안수, 金安遂)
  4. Her father is a cousin of Kim Ahn-ro; which makes her a first cousin once removed
  5. Daughter of Jeong Yun-gyeom (정윤겸, 鄭允謙) (1463 - 1536) and his concubine, Lady Nam (남씨)
  6. Was originally a concubine of Yun until she poisoned his first wife
  7. Chung Joo-won (April 28, 2016). "Joseon-era epic promises 'unexpected' adventures". Yonhap. Retrieved July 21, 2016.
  8. Jeong Joon-hwa (May 2, 2016). "[어저께TV] '옥중화' 고수, 10분 등장만으로 증명한 가치". The Chosun Ilbo (in Korean). Retrieved May 2, 2016.
  9. Park Jin-hai (May 8, 2016). "Flower in Prison set to be next hit drama". The Korea Times. Retrieved May 11, 2016.
  10. Lee Hye-ah (July 21, 2016). "Halfway through, Flower of Prison leaves much to be expected". Yonhap. Retrieved July 21, 2016.

Sources
  • Lee, Hong-jik (이홍직) ed. (1983). 새國史事典 (Sae guksa sajeon) (Encyclopedia of Korean history). Seoul: Gyohaksa. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  • Lee, Ki-baek (tr. E.W. Wagner and E.J. Shultz) (1984). A new history of Korea. Seoul: Ilchokak.
  • Lee, Il-cheong (이일청) ed. (1993). 인명국사대사전 (Inmyeong guksa sajeon). Seoul: Goryeo Munhwasa. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
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